Euops (Riedeliops) bowringii Jekel

Riedel, Alexander, 2009, A taxonomic study of the Indian species of Euops Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Attelabidae), Zootaxa 2125, pp. 1-56 : 19-26

Euops (Riedeliops) bowringii Jekel

( Figs. 5–6 , 17–18 , 39–53 , 101 , 108–109 , 118 , 125 , 132 , 136–142 , 159 , 163 , 170 , 174, 178 , 185 )

Euops bowringii Jekel, 1860: 221 (type locality: “ India Orient.”).

Euops bowringi Jekel : incorrect spelling by Voss, 1924, 1925.

“ Euops ” bowringii Jekel : Legalov, 2003: 407.

Pseudoeuops bowringii Jekel : Legalov, 2007: 224.

Euops armipes Voss, 1933: 117 (type locality: Lachiwala [information from Google Earth: 30° 19´N 78° 03´E, 670m], Dehra Dun, Uttar Pradesh, India) syn. n.

Euops submetallicus Voss, 1935: 98 (type locality: Pusa [information from Google Earth: 26° 00´N 85° 40´E, 50m], Bihar, India) syn. n.

Asynaptops (Asynaptopsis) colombensis Legalov, 2007: 225 (type locality: Colombo [information from Google Earth: 6° 55´N 79° 51´E, 2m], Sri Lanka) syn. n.

Diagnosis. Pronotum markedly punctate-rugose, wrinkles medially V-shaped; mesosternum simple, without protrusion; mesotibia in male ( Fig. 125 ) subapically with massive, spiniform dorsal extension; TA as in Figs. 138–139 , 159 ; spermatheca as in Fig. 178 .

Redescription. Male (specimen from Kotagiri). Body length: 2.45 mm. Coloration bronze; abdomen black with bluish lustre; legs ferruginous with bronze lustre.

Head ( Fig. 108 ) short. Gena 0.69 x as long as width of head behind eyes. Vertex shining, weakly rugose, sparsely punctate. Eyes dorsally contiguous in middle for 0.6 x their length. Ventral surface transversely rugose, impunctate.

Rostrum 1.46 x longer than mouthparts; sides subparallel to slightly beyond antennal insertion, anteriorly weakly diverging to apex; at widest point 1.23 x wider than at base; dorsum above antennal insertions with rounded prominence, in front of it with distinct incision, anteriorly level to apex. Clypeus without median notch; submedially to the right with broad extension bordered by incisions; sublaterally with pair of weaker lobes. Basal lateral groove distinct, evenly weakly curved, anteriorly concave, terminating at level of ventral eye margin. Venter basally without submental median carina. Submentum subglabrous; with scattered minute punctures. Prementum at base 1.8 x wider than long, ca. 3.9 x wider than at apex; sides weakly sinuate, converging apicad.

Antenna as in Fig. 118 .

Proventriculus ( Fig. 101 ) with eight uniform primary folds bearing thin setae.

Thorax. Prothorax 0.86 x as long as wide; subbasal constriction shallow; sides towards apex rounded; preapical constriction almost absent; anterior margin laterally simple, without collar-like extension in front of procoxa; disc markedly punctate-rugose, wrinkles medially V-shaped; sides punctate; prepectus shorter than postpectus; mesosternum simple, without protrusion. Height of pterothorax 0.77 x length of elytron.

Elytron 2.13 x longer than wide; intervals shining, with indistinct transverse wrinkles and row of minute punctures.

Legs. Procoxa 1.06 x longer than wide; approaching anterior margin of prothorax; in anterior aspect coxae with inner contour diverging in convex line; anterior surface microreticulate, sparsely shallowly punctate. Protibia with dorsal contour convex at base and apex, straight in middle; uncus ventral. Mesotibia ( Fig. 125 ) with subapical dorsal extension massive, spiniform.

Abdomen. Venter weakly concave, between posterior half of ventrites 1 and 4 with setose patch of erect, centrifugally directed setae. Pygidium 1.19 x wider than long.

Terminalia. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 163 ) medially incompletely subdivided by membrane connecting lateral sclerotised areas; with weakly concave, completely sclerotised basal rim; apex broadly bilobate, sparsely setose. Tegminal plate as in Fig. 142 . Aedeagus with pedon ( Fig. 140 ) at base membranous medially, side sclerotised as narrow brace, apically curving abruptly towards middle, fused to base of apical scoop, the latter ca. 0.88 x as long as wide, sides converging, apex rounded; tectum ( Fig. 141 ) somewhat hourglass-shaped, sides concave, apex subangulate, in basal half medially weakly sclerotised; TA ( Figs. 138–139 , 159 ) with frame ca. 1.5 x longer than wide, sides subparallel, transfer processes short at apex of frame, with crescentshaped dorsal plate [if this homology correct], without internal support structures of ductus ejaculatorius; basal sclerite fused to frame, ca. 0.75 x of total length of TA, 2.6 x longer than wide, basally with short lateral hook-like extensions, anchor-shaped. Endophallus with cuticle densely, finely denticulate.

Female (specimen from Kotagiri). As male except: length 2.58 mm. Head ( Fig. 109 ) with gena 0.74 x as long as width of head behind eyes. Rostrum 1.50 x longer than mouthparts. Prothorax 0.84 x as long as wide. Elytron 2.15 x longer than wide. Height of pterothorax 0.81 x length of elytron. Procoxa 0.97 x as long as wide. Protibia ( Fig. 132 ) with dorsal contour convex at base, in straight line to apex; ventral contour sinuate, in apical third straight; uncus in middle of tibial apex. Abdomen with venter flat. Pygidium 1.17 x wider than long. Ovipositor ( Fig. 174 ) without hemisternites. Sternite III ( Fig. 170 ) relatively short, narrow apical rim well sclerotised, broadly convex. Spermatheca ( Fig. 178 ) with body slender, subisodiametric from base to apex; spermathecal gland long, digitiform.

Intraspecific variation. Size: length 2.00– 2.70 mm (n=22, x =2.42 ± 0.19); prothorax 0.84–0.92 x as long as wide (n=22, x =0.87 ± 0.02); elytron 2.12–2.34 x longer than wide (n=22, x =2.19 ± 0.06); height of pterothorax 0.75–0.82 x length of elytron (n=22, x =0.79 ± 0.02); abdomen with patch of modified setae in female 1.04–1.43 x longer than wide (n=11, x =1.21 ± 0.10); pygidium 0.98–1.19 x wider than long in males (n=11, x =1.11 ± 0.05), 1.17–1.31 x in females (n=11, x =1.23 ± 0.05). Head with ventral contour of rostrum usually forming distinct angle with head ( Fig. 108 ), this angulation deeply constricted in specimens from Nilgiri hills ( Fig. 109 ).

Material examined. Type specimens. E. bowringii , male, lectotype by present designation ( Figs. 39–41 ): labels: 1) [white with black margin, rectangular] " India. or., Coll. Jekel. [handwritten]" 2) [white with black margin, rectangular] " Typus [handwritten]" 3) [white, rectangular] " Euops (Synaptops) Bowringii Jek, Ind. or. [handwritten]" 4) [white with yellow margin and lines, rectangular] " E. Bowringi , typus, Jekel, India. [handwritten]" 5) [white, rectangular] “Museo Civico di Genova [printed]”; 6) [red, rectangular] " Lectotypus, Euops bowringii Jekel , det. A.Riedel 2008 [printed]"; condition: specimen originally mounted on minuten pin, puncturing right elytron and pushing out mesothorax and left midleg, which broke off on removal of heavily corroded pin and were glued to card next to specimen; antennae broken and glued separately; genitalia in glycerol in microtube ( MCDG). E. armipes , male, lectotype by present designation ( Figs. 46–49 ): 1) [white, rectangular] "Lachiwala, Dehra Dun, India. H.G.C. [printed]" 2) [white, rectangular] “H. G. Champion., B.M. 1930-59. [printed]”; 3) [white, rectangular] " Euops armipes n. sp. [handwritten], Det. E. Voß [printed]" 4) [white with red margin, round] " Type [printed]" 5) [red, rectangular] " Lectotypus, Euops armipes Voss , det. A.Riedel 2008 [printed]"; condition: fair; point-mounted, genitalia in glycerol in microtube ( BMNH). E. submetallicus , male, lectotype by present designation ( Figs. 50–53): 1) [white, rectangular] " India, Pusa [handwritten]" 2) [white, rectangular] “ Euops (Synaptops) submetallica m., Det E. Voss [handwritten]”; 3) [red, rectangular] "Cotypus [printed], Euops submetallica m. [handwritten]" 4) [white, rectangular] "E. Voß ded., Eing. 11 - 66 [printed]" 5) [white, rectangular, with black frame] submetallica m. [handwritten]" 6) [red, rectangular] “ Lectotypus, Euops submetallicus Voss , det. A.Riedel 2008 [printed]"; condition: fair; pinned on minuten pin through right elytron and metathorax, right hindleg missing ( ZMH). Paralectotype, male: 1) [white, rectangular] " India, Pusa [handwritten]" 2) [white, rectangular] “ Euops (Synaptops) submetallica m. [handwritten], Det E. Voss [printed]” 3) “Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. B.M. 1941-7. [printed]”; 4) [red, rectangular] “ Paralectotypus, Euops submetallicus Voss , det. A.Riedel 2008 [printed]". A. colombensis , male, holotype (Figs. 42–45): 1) [white, rectangular] "Colombo, Biró 1902 [printed]" 2) [red, rectangular] “ Holotype, Asynaptops (Asynaptopsis) colombensis A. Legalov sp.n. [printed]”; 3) [white, rectangular] " Euops bowringii Jekel , det. A. Riedel 2008 [printed] ( HNHM).

Other specimens. INDIA: 1 female, Uttar Pradesh, Haldwani Dn. [information from Google Earth: 29° 12´N 79° 31´E, 600m], Kumaon, III.´23, H.G. Champion coll. ( BMNH); 1 male, 2 females, Maharashtra, 120 km NE Mumbai, Igatpuri env., 19° 42´17´´N, 73° 33´06´´E, 1.–12.VIII.2002, leg. P. Šipek & M. Fikáček (PKC); 1 male, Maharashtra, 4 km S Lonavala, Bushi dam env. [information from Google Earth: 18° 42´N 73° 25´E], 500m, 24.IX.2005, leg. J. Bezdék (PKC); 1 male, Maharashtra, 70 km S of Pune, Wai env. [information from Google Earth: 17° 57´N 73° 53´E, 700m], 2.–7.X.2005, leg. J. Bezdék (PKC); 1 female, Maharashtra, 40 km W of Pune, Mulshi env. [information from Google Earth: 18° 31´N 73° 27´E, 800m], 7.–11.X.2005, leg. J. Bezdék (PKC); 32 males, 49 females, Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri Hills, 11km SE Kotagiri, 1100± 100m, Kunchappanai, N 11°24´E 76°56´, leg. L. Dembický, 3.–15.V.2002 ( ARC in SMNK, SMNK, ZSM); 2 males, 4 females, 15km SE Kotagiri, Kunchappanai, N 11°22´E 76° 56´, 17.–22.V.1997, leg. Dembický & Pacholátko ( RDCP); 7 males, 7 females, Kerala, Thekkady, Peryar Lake, N 9,34° E 77,10°, 900–1000m, 19–27.IV.1997, leg. Dembický & Pacholátko ( NHMB). SRI LANKA: 1 male, “ Ceylon ”, H.P. Green, 1916 – 157 ( BMNH).

Distribution ( Fig. 185 ). INDIA, Uttar Pradesh (Dehra Dun; Kumaon), Bihar (Pusa), Maharashtra (Igatpuri, Lonavala, Wai, Mulshi), Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills), Kerala (Peryar). SRI LANKA (Colombo); elevation 500–1000 m. No specimen could be located among large series of Euops examined from other Southeast Asian countries, and therefore it is unlikely that E. bowringii occurs in Thailand or countries further east, as the locality given in the original description might indicate.

Notes. Euops bowringii Jekel was unrecognisable from the original description and unknown to Voss when he revised the genus ( Voss, 1924, 1925). It had been recorded from “ India Orient.”, a type locality that could refer to Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia or Indonesia. No type specimens could be located in the Natural History Museum (London), where most of Jekel´s material is stored, but a syntype was found in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale ‘G. Doria’ (Genoa), revealing that E. bowringii is widely distributed in continental India and Sri Lanka and that E. armipes and E. submetallicus , both described by Voss (1933, 1935) are junior synonyms of it. Legalov (2007) created another synonym by describing specimens from Sri Lanka as Asynaptops colombensis .

Jekel (1860) did not designate a holotype for E. bowringii nor specified the number of specimens examined, and other specimens may exist in addition to the syntype in the MCDG, which is here designated as lectotype for the species. Similarly, a lectotype is here designated for the single syntype of E. armipes located in the BMNH. Voss (1935) also did not designate a holotype for E. submetallicus but gave as depository of the types “Coll. Guy A. K. Marshall, Coll. auct.”. Two specimens identified by Voss as “ Euops submetallicus ” and housed in the BMNH could be examined. One of them is evidently not a syntype as it originates from “Haldwani Dn., Kumaon”, a locality not mentioned in the original description, but the other is from “ India, Pusa” and thus evidently a syntype. It is here designated as paralectotype. A third specimen seemingly in the BMNH could not be examined. A single specimen of E. submetallicus in the Voss collection in the ZMH, however, is from the type locality and labelled “Cotypus”. It is most likely the specimen that Voss refers to in the original description as deposited in “Coll. auct.” and is here designated as lectotype. It is remarkable that all the specimens studied by Voss are males, although he surmised them to be females in the original description. He evidently misinterpreted the setation of the venter as a female character, as suggested by his final paragraph that ends with the sentence: “Trotzdem die Tibien nur einen Enddorn aufweisen, scheint es sich bei den vorliegenden Exemplaren um Weibchen zu handeln.“ Since females have two spines at the tibial apex (uncus and premucro), his statement about a single spine in these types is incongruent with them being females.

Sawadaeuops (Rugosoeuops) indicus Legalov 2004: 71 –72; Legalov 2007: 249 (type locality: 10km SE of Virajpet, near road Virajpet - Cannanore (75° 46´E, 12° 06´N), Coorg district, Karnataka st.).

Diagnosis. Pronotum relatively long, 0.81–0.88 x as long as wide; anterior margin of prothorax in front of procoxa simple; mesosternum with apically rounded, cone-shaped protrusion directed anteriad ( Fig. 77 ); protibia in female ( Fig. 133 ) with dorsal contour convex at base, straight towards apex; ventrite 4 in male in middle with inconspicuous cluster of erect setae pointing backwards ( Figs. 93–94 ); mesotibia ( Fig. 126 ) with subapical dorsal extension long, spiniform; aedeagus with apical scoop of pedon apically truncate ( Figs. 143, 146 ).

Redescription. Holotype, male. Body length: 2.26 mm. Coloration greenish-bronze, elytral apex with bluish lustre.

Head ( Fig. 110 ) short. Gena 0.73 x as long as width of head behind eyes. Vertex weakly microreticulate, punctate, laterally weakly rugose. Eyes dorsally contiguous for 0.6 x their length. Ventral surface weakly transversely rugose, impunctate.

Rostrum 1.67 x longer than mouthparts; sides subparallel to antennal insertion, then diverging anteriad and subapically rounded; at widest point 1.27 x wider than at base; dorsum above antennal insertions with weakly rounded prominence, in front of it weakly concave, sinuate to apex. Clypeus medially with simple notch. Basal lateral groove distinct, straight, terminating at level of ventral eye margin. Venter basally without submental median carina. Submentum posteriorly microreticulate, anteriorly shining, with two long, stiff, suberect setae. Prementum at base 1.7 x wider than long, ca. 3.9 x wider than at apex; with straight lateral margins converging apicad.

Antenna as in Fig. 119 .

Proventriculus with eight uniform primary folds bearing spiniform processes.

Thorax. Prothorax 0.85 x as long as wide; subbasal constriction laterally absent, dorsally shallow; sides converging in straight line, weakly rounded in apical third; without preapical constriction; anterior margin laterally simple, without collar-like extension in front of procoxa; disc markedly punctate-rugose, with transverse concave wrinkles; sides punctate; prepectus shorter than postpectus; mesosternum with apically rounded, cone-shaped protrusion directed anteriad. Height of pterothorax 0.87 x length of elytron.

Elytron 2.09 x longer than wide; intervals shining, with irregularly transverse wrinkles ( Fig. 87 ).

Legs. Procoxa as long as wide (1.00 x); approaching anterior margin of prothorax; in anterior aspect coxae with inner contour diverging in straight line, rounded to apex; anterior surface microreticulate, sparsely shallowly punctate. Protibia with dorsal contour convex at base and apex, straight in middle; uncus terminal. Mesotibia ( Fig. 126 ) with subapical dorsal extension long, spiniform.

Abdomen. Venter weakly concave, surface medially sparsely punctate, sparsely setose with recumbent setae; ventrite 4 in middle with inconspicuous cluster of erect setae pointing backwards ( Figs. 93–94 ). Pygidium 1.08 x wider than long.

Terminalia. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 165 ) medially subdivided by membrane connecting lateral sclerotised areas; apex broadly bilobate, densely setose with long setae; base medially with marked constriction. Tegminal plate as in Fig. 147 . Aedeagus with sclerotised sides of pedon widening mesoapicad, connected to subtriangular plate fused with its short side to apical scoop, the latter ( Fig. 146 ) ca. 0.86 x as long as wide, sides sinuate, subapically constricted, widened towards subtruncate apex, subapically weakly sclerotised; tectum with sides converging, apically pointed; TA ( Figs. 144–145 ) flagelliform, insertion of ductus ejaculatorius ventrally; basal sclerite long, narrow, folded dorsoapicad, dorsally fitting to basal half of long, Sshaped flagellum formed by fusion of extended transfer processes. Endophallus with cuticle densely minutely denticulate.

Female (specimen from Kotagiri). As male except: Length 2.03 mm. Head as in Fig. 111 . Gena 0.67 x as long as width of head behind eyes. Rostrum 1.45 x longer than mouthparts. Prothorax 0.83 x as long as wide. Elytron 2.12 x longer than wide. Height of pterothorax 0.85 x length of elytron. Procoxa 1.08 x longer than wide. Protibia ( Fig. 133 ) with dorsal contour convex at base, in straight line to apex; ventral contour evenly sinuate; uncus dorsal. Abdomen flat. Pygidium 1.06 x wider than long. Ovipositor ( Fig. 176 ) without hemisternites. Sternite VIII as in Fig. 171 . Spermatheca as in Fig. 180 ; with body robust, weakly tapering apicad; spermathecal gland long, digitiform.

Intraspecific variation. Size: length 1.52–2.26 mm (n=22, x =2.00 ± 0.19); prothorax 0.81–0.88 x as long as wide (n=22, x =0.85 ± 0.02); elytron 2.05–2.27 x longer than wide (n=22, x =2.16 ± 0.05); height of pterothorax 0.82–0.88 x length of elytron (n=22, x =0.85 ± 0.02); abdomen with patch of modified setae in female 1.20–1.40 x longer than wide (n=10, x =1.32 ± 0.06); pygidium 0.91–1.08 x wider than long in males (n=12, x =1.00 ± 0.04), 0.98–1.12 x in females (n=10, x =1.04 ± 0.04). Coloration variable, usually greenish bronze, some specimens rather coppery, others partly or completely dark blue; blue colour relatively common among specimens from Shimoga district. Elytral intervals usually shining and with shallow microsculpture as in holotype but sometimes weakly shining, somewhat dull, with distinct coriarious sculpture of irregularly transverse wrinkles (as in E. pseudoindicus ).

Material examined. Holotype, male ( Figs. 54–56 ): labels: 1) [white, rectangular] upper side of label: “S INDIA, Karnataka st., Coorg district, 700m, 10km SE of Virajpet, 75° 46´E, 12° 06´N ”; lower side of label: “near road Virajpet - Cannanore, 5.–7.VI.1999, Kejval & Trýzna leg. [printed]”, 2) [red, rectangular] “ Holotypus, Sawadaeuops (Rugosoeuops) indicus Legalov sp.n. [printed]”; condition: fair, glued to card, pygidium detached and glued to same card, sternite IX glued to card, segment VIII missing; genitalia transferred to glycerol in microtube (PKC).

Other specimens. INDIA: 176 males, 156 females, Karnataka, W Ghats, 20 km W Talguppa, Jog Falls, N 14°14´E 74° 44´, 500± 200m, leg. P. Pacholátko, 22–28.V.2002 ( ARC in SMNK, SMNK, ZSM); 8 males, 6 females, same data as holotype (PCK); 9 males, 12 females, Mysore state, Shimoga Dist., Agumbe Ghat, 2000ft., [information from Google Earth: ca. 14° 04´N, 75° 12´E] T.R.S. Nathan Coll., VI.1990 ( ARC in SMNK, CMNC); 2 males, Tamil Nadu, Kodaikanal, 20 km -> Madurai, [information from Google Earth: ca. 10° 19´N 77° 29´E] ca. 1400m, 28.VIII.1989, leg. A.Riedel ( ARC in SMNK); 22 males, 19 females, Tamil Nadu, 11 km SE Kotagiri, Kunchappanai, 11°24´N, 76° 56´E, 1100± 100m, leg. P. Pacholátko, 3.–15.V.2002 ( ARC in SMNK); 152 males, 137 females, Tamil Nadu, 15 km SE Kotagiri, Kunchappanai, 11°22´N, 76° 56´E, 900m, leg. D. Hauck ( ARC in SMNK, SMNK, ZSM); 9 males, 2 females, Tamil Nadu, 15 km SE Kotagiri, Kunchappanai, 11°22´N, 76° 56´E, leg. L. Dembický & P. Pacholátko, 17.–22.V.1997 ( RDCP); 3 males, Kerala, 15 km SW Munnar, N 10,02° E 76,58°, 1250m, 1–9.V.1997, leg. Dembický & Pacholátko ( NHMB); 8 males, 2 females, Kerala, Thekkady, Peryar Lake, N 9,34° E 77,10°, 900–1000m, 19–27.IV.1997, leg. Dembický & Pacholátko ( NHMB); 1 female, Kerala, Peryar Lake, 900 m, 13–20.V.1991, leg. J. Kolibáč ( NHMB).

Distribution ( Fig. 186 ). INDIA, Karnataka (Jog Falls, Agumbe Ghat, Coorg), Tamil Nadu (Kodaikanal, Nilgiri Hills). Elevation: 700–1400 m.

Notes. Until recently there stood in many collections long series of an undescribed Euops species that agree relatively well with the descriptions of E. armipes and E. submetallicus , two Indian species described by ( Voss, 1933, 1935). Legalov (2004) boldly described this species as E. indicus , based only on a few specimens. He was fortunate to describe a valid species, because E. armipes and E. submetallicus turned out to be conspecific with E. bowringii . The identity of E. indicus however still was confused, because three sibling species are involved. An excellent diagnostic character of one of them is the subtruncate apex of the pedon of the aedeagus. In Legalov´s original description of E. indicus ( Legalov 2004, Fig. 113 ) this was figured as being pointed, but examination of the holotype showed that it is subtruncate, while one of the paratypes examined belongs to a different species. Legalov’s illustration were evidently not prepared from the holotype of E. indicus , but from a specimen here designated as a paratype of E. pseudoindicus sp.n.. The third sibling of the indicus -group could be identified as E. keiseri , originally described by Voss (1957) from Sri Lanka.

Figures

FIGURE 185. Distribution of Euops bowringii (areas above 500 m shaded).

FIGURE 186. Distribution of Euops indicus (areas above 500 m shaded).

FIGURES 1 – 6. Habitus of Euops spp., dorsal aspect: (1) E. andrewesi, male (11 km SE Kotagiri); (2) E. andrewesi, female (11 km SE Kotagiri); (3) E. tamilnadunsis, male (Ootacamund); (4) E. tamilnadunsis, female (Ootacamund); (5) E. bowringii, male (11 km SE Kotagiri); (6) E. bowringii, female (11 km SE Kotagiri).

FIGURES 13 – 18. Habitus of Euops spp., lateral aspect: (13) E. andrewesi, male (11 km SE Kotagiri); (14) E. andrewesi, female (11 km SE Kotagiri); (15) E. tamilnadunsis, male (Ootacamund); (16) E. tamilnadunsis, female (Ootacamund); (17) E. bowringii, male (11 km SE Kotagiri); (18) E. bowringii, female (11 km SE Kotagiri).

FIGURES 39 – 41. Euops bowringii, lectotype: (39) dorsal aspect, (40) lateral aspect, (41) labels. FIGURES 42 – 45. Euops bowringii: holotype of Asynaptops colombensis; (42) dorsal aspect, (43) lateral aspect, (44) terminalia glued on card, (45) labels.

FIGURES 46 – 49. Euops bowringii: lectotype of Euops armipes; (46) dorsal aspect, (47) lateral aspect, (48) frontal aspect, (49) labels.

FIGURES 100 – 103. Proventriculus of Euops spp.; (100) E. andrewesi, (101) E. bowringii, (102) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., (103) E. tamilnadunsis.

FIGURES 104 – 109. Head of Euops spp.; in lateral aspect (above); in dorsal aspect (below): (104) E. andrewesi, male (11 km SE Kotagiri); (105) E. andrewesi, female (11 km SE Kotagiri); (106) E. tamilnadunsis, male (Ootacamund); (107) E. tamilnadunsis, female (Ootacamund); (108) E. bowringii, lectotype; (109) E. bowringii, female (11 km SE Kotagiri).

FIGURES 116 – 122. Antenna of Euops spp.: (116) E. andrewesi (11 km SE Kotagiri); (117) E. tamilnadunsis (Ootacamund); (118) E. bowringii (11 km SE Kotagiri); (119) E. indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri); (120) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., holotype; (121) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., holotype; (122) E. trichinopoliensis, holotype.

FIGURES 123 – 129. Left mesotibia of Euops spp. males: (123) E. andrewesi (11 km SE Kotagiri); (124) E. tamilnadunsis (Ootacamund); (125) E. bowringii (lectotype); (126) E. indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri); (127) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., holotype; (128) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., holotype; (129) E. trichinopoliensis, holotype.

FIGURES 130 – 135. Left protibia of Euops spp. females: (130) E. andrewesi (11 km SE Kotagiri); (131) E. tamilnadunsis (Ootacamund); (132) E. bowringii (lectotype); (133) E. indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri); (134) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., female paratype; (135) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., female paratype.

FIGURES 136 – 142. Male genitalia of Euops bowringii: (136) aedeagus in dorsal aspect, lectotype; (137) aedeagus in lateral aspect, lectotype; (138) transfer apparatus in dorsal aspect (11 km SE Kotagiri); (139) transfer apparatus in lateral aspect (11 km SE Kotagiri); (140) pedon, lectotype; (141) tectum, lectotype; (142) tegmen (11 km SE Kotagiri).

FIGURES 158 – 160. Male genitalia of Euops spp., transfer apparatus in dorsal aspect: (158) E. andrewesi, lectotype (159) E. bowringii (11 km SE Kotagiri); (160) E. tamilnadunsis (Ootacamund).

FIGURES 161 – 167. Sternite VIII of Euops spp. males: (161) E. andrewesi, lectotype; (162) E. tamilnadunsis, holotype; (163) E. bowringii; holotype of E. armipes; (164) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., holotype; (165) E. indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri); (166) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., holotype; (167) E. trichinopoliensis, holotype, setae probably partly abraded.

FIGURES 168 – 173. Sternite VIII of Euops spp. females: (168) E. andrewesi (11 km SE Kotagiri); (169) E. tamilnadunsis (Ootacamund); (170) E. bowringii (11 km SE Kotagiri); (171) E. indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri); (172) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., female paratype; (173) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., female paratype.

FIGURES 174 – 182. Female terminalia of Euops spp.: (174) E. bowringii (11 km SE Kotagiri); (175) E. tamilnadunsis (Ootacamund); (176) E. indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri); (177 – 182) spermatheca: (177) E. andrewesi (11 km SE Kotagiri), (178) E. bowringii (11 km SE Kotagiri); (179) E. tamilnadunsis (Ootacamund); (180) E. indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri); (181) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., female paratype; (182) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., female paratype.

FIGURES 71 – 78. Euops spp.: (71 – 74) apex of rostrum in ventral aspect (left), prementum (right): (71 – 72) E. indicus, (73 – 74) E. andrewesi; (75 – 76) prothorax in ventral aspect, coxae removed: (75) E. indicus, (76) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., arrows indicating projections of prepectus; (77) mesothorax of E. indicus, lateral aspect; arrow indicating protrusion; (78) pronotum of E. andrewesi.

FIGURES 93 – 99. Euops spp.: (93 – 96) apex of abdominal venter, overview (left), setose patch on ventrite 4 (right); (93 – 94) E. indicus, (95 – 96) E. pseudoindicus sp. n.; (97) E. indicus, lateral view of abdomen; arrow indicating setose patch on ventrite 4; note densely punctate sculpture; (98) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., holotype; ventro-lateral aspect of abdomen with setose brush on ventrite 4, light-microscopy image; (99) E. andrewesi, transfer apparatus of male genitalia.

FIGURES 143 – 147. Male genitalia of Euops indicus (11 km SE Kotagiri): (143) Aedeagus in dorsal aspect; (144) aedeagus in lateral aspect; (145) Transfer apparatus in lateral aspect; (146) pedon; (147) tegmen.

FIGURES 110 – 115. Head of Euops spp.; in lateral aspect (above); in dorsal aspect (below): (110) E. indicus, male (11 km SE Kotagiri); (111) E. indicus, female (11 km SE Kotagiri); (112) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., holotype; (113) E. keiseri nilgiriensis ssp. n., female paratype; (114) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., holotype; (115) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., female paratype.

FIGURES 87 – 92. Euops spp.: (87 – 88) detail of lateral area of right elytron, (87) E. indicus, (88) E. pseudoindicus sp. n., note transverse wrinkles; (89) right elytron of E. andrewesi, note vortically arranged transverse wrinkles; (90) protibia of E. andrewesi female; (91 – 92) mesotibia of E. indicus male.

FIGURES 54 – 56. Euops indicus, holotype; (54) dorsal aspect, (55) lateral aspect, (56) labels. FIGURES 57 – 59. Euops keiseri, holotype; (57) dorsal aspect, (58) lateral aspect, (59) labels.