Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura), 1912

John M. Leavengood, Jr. & Smith, Trevor Randall, 2013, The Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of Florida, Insecta Mundi 2013 (309), pp. 1-16 : 4-6

Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura), 1912

( Fig. 7-9 )

Diagnosis. Males and females have 20-21 black antennal segments (sometimes paler at the base and apex), two-segmented labial palpi, and the metatibiae with only one apical spur. The abdomen in males is black with yellow markings on most segments in a pattern resembling two stripes running the length of much of the abdomen. The abdomens of females have black segments, some of which have yellow bands. The anterior thorax is black in males and yellow in females. They differ from Tremex columba by having more antennomeres and the body clothed with long golden hairs.

Previously, Stange (1996) stated that no males of this species have ever been collected. However, males are now known.

Biology. The known hosts for E. formosanus include Quercus nigra Linnaeus , Quercus phellos Linnaeus , Quercus alba Linnaeus (Fagaceae) , and hickory ( Juglandaceae : Carya ). They have also emerged from firewood of Liquidambar styraciflua Linnaeus (Hamamelidaceae) , hickory and Quercus nigra . Other collection records include Quercus laurifolia Michaux , L. styraciflua , Pinus palustris Miller , Pinus taeda Linnaeus , and ovipositing in Pinus elliottii Engelmann (Pinaceae) ( Stange 1996; Smith and Schiff 2002). They are frequently observed ovipositing on pine ( Schiff et al. 2006).

Adults have been collected during all months of the year ( Smith and Schiff 2002). Some specimens were collected at UV light. According to Smith (1996) this is the most common species in Florida. All FSCA specimens are female.

Distribution. This species is adventive in the southeastern United States and probably arrived as a contaminant from Southeast Asia ( Japan, Laos, Taiwan, and Vietnam) in the 1970s ( Smith and Schiff 2002). In North America it occupies Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Utah and Virginia ( Stange 1996; Smith and Schiff 2002; Schiff et al. 2006, 2012). In Florida it has been collected in Alachua, Baker, Bradford, Calhoun, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Gulf, Hernando, Hillsborough, Lee, Leon, Liberty, Marion, Nassau, Okaloosa, Polk, Saint Lucie, Taylor and Union Counties ( Stange 1996 in part).

Specimens. USA: Alabama: Macon County: 1.5 miles east of CR 13, 26-V-1985, R.D. Cave ( FSCA; 1) ; Florida: Alachua County: Gainesville , in firewood, 19-V-1983, O. Hawkins ( FSCA; 5 pre-emergent in vial with alcohol, 2 larvae in vial with alcohol) ; Gainesville , in swimming pool, 3-V-1976, R.P. Esser ( JLFC; 1) ; Gainesville , on laurel oak, 1-V-1980, 3-V-1980, 15-V-1980, 21-V-1980, 29-V-1983, L.A. Hetrick ( FSCA; 6) ; Gainesville , on pine, 11-XI-1987, H. Denmark ( FSCA; 1) ; Gainesville , 4-VII-1986, 22-IX-1991, L.R. Davis, Jr. ( FSCA; 2) ; Gainesville , 19-IX-1978, H.A. Denmark ( FSCA; 1) ; Gainesville , 18-IV-1982, L.A. Hetrick ( FSCA; 1) ; Gainesville , 10-IX-1990, P.J. Landolt ( FSCA; 2) ; Gainesville , 20-X-1996, L.A. Stange ( FSCA; 1) ; Gainesville , 19-V-1983, O. Hawkins ( FSCA; 1) ; Gainesville Airport , 27-VI-1987, P.E. Skelley ( FSCA; 1) ; Gainesville, Beville Heights , blacklight trap, 8-XII-1979, L.A. Stange ( FSCA; 5) ; Gainesville, Doyle Conner Building , blacklight trap, 2-XI-1975 ( FSCA; 1) ; Gainesville, NW 54th Terrace , 15-VIII- 1996, L.A. Stange ( FSCA; 1) ; SE Gainesville, 1 mile north of Payne’s Prairie on Kincaid Road , malaise trap, 28-IV-1998, 4-V-1998, 11-V-1998, B.D. Sutton ( FSCA; 3) ; University of Florida, Gainesville , VI- 1980, M.S. Fontaine ( JLFC; 2) ; ex. Liquidambar styraciflua L., 19-V-1983, O. Hawkins ( FSCA; 12) ; Baker County: Columbia County line, Osceola National Forest , malaise trap, 17-V-1977, J.R. Wiley ( FSCA; 1) ; Bradford County: SR 100, 8 km west of Starke , window trap in crown layer of a disturbed pondcypress hammock, 23-30-VI-1980, A. Wilkening ( JLFC; 1) ; Calhoun County: Neil Lumber Company , on longleaf pine, 12-IX-1974, G.D. Hertel ( FSCA; 1) ; Clay County: Goldhead Branch State Park , 4-V-1995, C. Porter & L. Stange ( FSCA; 1) ; Orange Park , 17-IX-1977, A. Semago ( FSCA; 1) ; Columbia County: Osceola National Forest, Route 90, malaise trap, 20-X-1976, J.R. Wiley ( FSCA; 1) ; Dixie County: 3 miles north of Old Town , 10-V-1979, P.M. Choate, Jr. ( FSCA; 11) ; 3 miles North of Old Town , 10-V-1979, L.A. Stange ( FSCA; 16) ; 3.5 miles north of Old Town on Route 349, 17-V-1978, P.M. Choate, Jr. ( FSCA; 3) ; 3.8 miles north of Old Town , 20-V-1978, H. Greenbaum ( FSCA; 23) ; Old Town , 20-V-1978, G.B. Edwards ( FSCA; 3) ; Old Town , 29-IV-1989, C.W. Mills, III ( FSCA; 1) ; 5-VIII-1977, ( FSCA; 1) ; 5-VIII-1977 ( FSCA; 1) ; Gulf County: Wewahitchka , 8-V-1987, L. Stange & J. Wiley ( FSCA; 1) ; Hernando County: Brooksville , 17-V- 1978, D.P. Hertel ( FSCA; 4) ; Chinsegut Hill , 12-V-1978, 19-V-1978, J.V. Miller ( FSCA; 33) ; Hillsborough County: Tampa, USF Campus , 20-VI-1980, 10-V-1979, 13-V-1979, L. Brown ( FSCA; 3) ; Tampa, USF Campus , III-1977 ( FSCA; 2) ; Lee County: Buckingham , V-1984, Dieter & Radtke ( FSCA; 1) ; Leon County: Tallahassee , 28-VI-2002, C.W. O’Brien ( FSCA; 1) ; Liberty County: Torreya State Park , 21-IX-1978, H.V. Weems, Jr. ( FSCA; 1) ; Torreya State Park , 20-VIII-1987, C. Porter & L. Stange ( FSCA; 1) ; Torreya State Park , 13-VI-1974, Q. Anglin ( FSCA; 1) ; Torreya State Park , 28-V-1988, R. Gillmore ( FSCA; 1) ; Marion County: Citra, NW 24th Avenue , on dead oak, 1-IX-1993, 26-IX-1993, F.W. Skillman, Jr. ( FSCA; 2) ; on Pinus taeda , 25-VIII-1977, E.E. Banks ( FSCA; 1) ; Nassau County: Fort Clinch State Park , 29-X-1983, C. Porter & L. Stange ( FSCA; 1) ; Okaloosa County: Blackwater River State Forest, Lee Canoes , 22-IX- 1987, L. Stange & J. Wiley ( FSCA; 1) ; Orange County: Orlando, UCF Campus , long leaf and sand pineturkey oak habitat, Malaise Trap, 31-V-1996, 30-VIII-1996, 2-X-1997, S. M. Fullerton ( UCFC; 3) ; Walt Disney World , 18-I-1996, D. Hanf ( UCFC; 1) ; Orlando , 22-X-2000, T. McIleath ( UCFC; 1) ; Lake Buena Vista, Ready Creek , floodplain swamp, on rotten log, 12-VII-1995, D. Hanf ( UCFC; 1) ; Polk County: Haines City , on pine, 7-XI-1979, H. Gillis & V.G. Brown ( FSCA; 1) ; Saint Lucie County: Fort Pierce , 8-X- 1978, Campbell ( FSCA; 1) ; Union County: Highway 241 at the Santa Fe River , 23-IV-1989, 8-V-1985, C.W. Mills, III ( FSCA; 3) ; Louisiana: Saint Tammany Parish County: St. Tammany Parish, 4.2 miles northeast of Abita Springs , 16-IX-2003, V.A. Brou ( FSCA; 1) ; North Carolina: Carteret County: 13-VI-1990 ( FSCA; 1) ; South Carolina: Pickens County: 7 miles northeast of Pickens , 21-VIII-1986, 10-IX-1985, 11-XI-1986, 17-IX-1985, 17-XI-1986, 20-XI-1986, 20-XI-1991, H.L. Dozier ( FSCA; 12) ; [probably Florida] ex. oak, 6-VIII-1996, Slumsky ( JLFC; 1) .

Figures

Figures 7-13. 7-9) Eriotremex formosanus female. 7) Dorsal habitus. 8) Wings. 9) Lateral habitus. 10-13) Tremex columba. 10) Dorsal habitus, male. 11) Lateral habitus, male. 12) Lateral habitus, female. 13) Wings, female.