Epicratinus petropolitanus (Mello-Leitão, 1922)

Gonçalves, Ricardo Antonio & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2020, Taxonomic review and cladistic analysis of Neotropical spider genus Epicratinus Jocqué & Baert, 2005 (Araneae: Zodariidae) with description of eleven new species, Zootaxa 4886 (1), pp. 1-77 : 50-52

Epicratinus petropolitanus (Mello-Leitão, 1922)

Figs 10–11 .

Storena petropolitana Mello-Leit „o, 1922: 209, fig. 1. (Female holotype from Petrópolis , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, deposited in MNRJ 952 , examined).

Epicratinus petropolitanus: Candiani et al., 2008: 138 .

Additional material examined: BRAZIL, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Estaç „o Ecológica da UFMG, 19º 52’ S, 43º 58’ W, 30♁, 10♀, IX/1999 - II/2001, E.S.S. Álvares, E.O. Machado & C.S. Azevedo ( IBSP 32347 ); Viçosa, Mata do Paraíso, 20º48’09.0”S, 42º51’31.1”W, 1♁, 11/XI/2009, Alice S. Pereira ( IBSP 159615 ); 1♀, Rio de Janeiro, Paraíba do Sul, Fazenda Maravilha, 22º 12’ S, 43º 16’ W, 16-18/VIII/2001, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 54084 ); S„o Paulo, Jacareí, Campus Vila Branca , Univap , 23º16’13.4”S, 45º56’36.7”W, 1♁, 2007, N.M.C. Velho et al. ( IBSP 141733 ); 3♁ ( IBSP 143879 ); Parque Estadual da Cantareira , 23º25’S, 46º37’W, 1♀ , 29/IV/2001, R. Pinto da Rocha et al. ( IBSP 127755 ); Itapevi , 23º35’35.7”S, 46º58’33.9”W, 1♀ , 29/I/1999, V. Onófrio & C.R. Bertim ( IBSP 54120 ); Mi-racatu, Fazenda Itereí , 24º03’00.0”S, 47º13’00.0”W, 1♁, 20-26/IX/2001, Equipe Biota ( IBSP 54127 ) .

Diagnosis. Males of E. petropolitanus are easily recognized by the long RTA with the tip facing inward resem-bling the head and beak of a hummingbird. Females have the bulb-shaped epigynum and three visible chambers within each spermathecae ( Figs 10 , 11 ).

Description. Male (IBSP 141733). Color: carapace dark brown uniform with few short bristles, dark orange sternum, reddish brown chelicerae, pale yellow coxae, dark yellow legs; dorsal abdomen predominantly dark brown with 5 large white spots (2-2-1) and numerous small pale yellow dots; median dorsal shield (half of abdomen in length) yellow burnt hyaline and few short bristles; ventrally brown with light yellow, slightly sclerotinized and orange bands above the epigastric furrow. Total length 5; carapace length 2.4; width 1.6; abdomen length 2; maximum length of spinnerets 0.3; chelicerae length 0.77; clypeus height 0.62. Eyes. diameters: AME 0.07, ALE 0.1, PME 0.12, PLE 0.12. Interdistances: AME-AME 0.03, AME-ALE 0.11, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.27, ALE-PLE 0.05. Spinulation: I: Fe v0, d1-1-0, p0-0-1, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; Ti v1-1-2, d0, p0, r0; Me v2-1-3, d0, p0, r0. II: Fe v0, d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; Ti v1-1-2, d0, p0, r0; Me v2-0-3, d0, p0-0-1, r0. III: Fe v0, d1-0-1, p0-0-1, r0-0-1; Pa v0, d0-0-1, p0-1-0, r0-1-0; Ti v1-1-2, d1-1-0, p1-0-1, r1-0-1; Me v2-2-3, d0-1-0, p0-1-1, r1-1-1. IV: Fe v0, d1-2-1, p0-0-1, r1-0-1; Pa v0, d0-0-1, p0-1-0, r0-1-0; Ti v1-1-2, d1-1-0, p1-0-1, r1-0-1; Me v2-2-2, d0-1-0, p1- 1-2, r1-1-2. Formula: 4123.

Measurements of legs:

Palp. Femur with 2 dorsal spines (0-1-1); tibia with a long bristle tuft along the retrolateral margin, near the base of the RTA; long RTA with turned inwards tip, resembling a head and beak of a hummingbird; cymbium with concavity that accommodates RTA, three distal spines; tegulum with visible spermatic duct, distal end of the guttershaped conductor; ventral tegular apophysis lanceolate; conspicuous and slender embolus.

Female. (IBSP 127755). Color: carapace dark brown uniform with few short bristles, dark orange sternum, reddish brown chelicerae, yellow coxae, dark yellow legs; abdomen: dorsally as in male, except 7 large spots (2-2-2-1). Total length 5.1; carapace length 2.55; width 1.6; abdomen length 2.5; maximum length of spinnerets 0.4; chelicerae length 0.95; clypeus height 0.7. Eyes. diameters AME 0.06, ALE 0.11, PME 0.09, PLE 0.11. Interdistances AME-AME 0.05, AME-ALE 0.13, PME-PME 0.12, PME-PLE 0.33, ALE-PLE 0.09. Spinulation: I: Fe v0, d1-1-0, p0-0-1, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; Ti v1-1-0, d0, p0, r0; Me v0-0-2, d0, p0, r0. II: Fe v0, d1-1-0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; Ti v1-1- 0, d0, p0, r0; Me v2-0-3, d0, p0-0-1, r0. III: Fe v0, d1-1-1, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0-0-1, p0-1-0, r0-1-0; Ti v1-1-2, d1-1-0, p1-0-1, r1-0-1; Me v2-0-2, d0-1-0, p0-1-2, r1-1-2. IV: Fe v0, d1-2-1, p0, r1-0-1; Pa v0, d0-0-1, p0-1-0, r0-1-0; Ti v1-1-2, d1-1-0, p1-0-1, r1-0-1; Me v1-1-2, d0-1-0, p1-1-2, r1-1-1. Formula: 4123.

Measurements of legs:

Epigynum. Epigynal plate oval longer than wide. Atrium in a lamp bulb shape, with inconspicuous hood in the central area. Internally with copulatory ducts elongated, encapsulated (coiled) in the spermathecae, with reniform shape. Fertilization ducts short ( Fig. 11 D-F).

Variation. Males (n = 10): total length 4.7‾5.2, carapace 1.81‾2.0, femur I 1.3‾1.5. Females (n = 10): total length 4.8‾5.31, carapace 2.4‾2.58, femur I 1.40‾1.52.

Distribution. East of Bahia and southeast region of Brazil ( Fig. 42 ).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Epicratinus petropolitanus.A. (IBSP 159615) Habitus male, dorsal view. B. Male, ventral view. C. (IBSP 54120) Female, dorsal view. D. Female, ventral view. (Scale = 2 mm).

FIGURE 11. Epicratinus petropolitanus. A. (IBSP 54127) Male palp, dorsal view. B (IBSP 54127) and C. (IBSP 143879) Ventral view. C. (IBSP 127755) Epigynum, ventral view. D. (IBSP 54084) Vulva. E. Vulva. C: conductor; E: embolus; St: Subtegulum; T: Tegulum; TAEB: tegular apophysis of the embolus base; VTA: ventral tegular apophysis. (Scale in A, B, C = 0.5; D, E, F = 0.2 mm).

FIGURE 42. Area of occurrence of Epicratinus amazonicus, E. dookan sp. nov., E. petropolitanus, E. pugionifer, E. takutu and E. zangief sp. nov. (clade D).