Dendroleon laiyanae, Zheng & Hayashi & Liu, 2022

Zheng, Yuchen, Hayashi, Fumio & Liu, Xingyue, 2022, Taxonomic notes on the antlion genus Dendroleon Brauer, 1866 (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Dendroleontinae) from China, with description of a new species and a newly recorded species, Zootaxa 5099 (3), pp. 344-354 : 346-349

Dendroleon laiyanae sp. nov. ḆDZẆḎae

( Figs 1A , 2 , 3 )

Diagnosis. Body yellowish brown with black and dark brown markings. Vertex yellowish brown with some short setae ( Fig. 2A ). Frons dark brown anteriorly and yellowish brown posteriorly ( Fig. 2B ). Distal segment of labial palpus fusiform and dark brown ( Fig. 2B ). Pronotum with an indistinct dark brown marking posteromedially. Anterior margin of mesoprescutum black. Mesonotum with a dark brown marking medially and with a pair of black markings laterally. Mesoscutellum black medially ( Fig. 2A ). Forewing with a large dark brown spot on distal part of anterior margin ( Fig. 3 ); rhegma present as a large dark brown spot; cubital area with a curved short dark brown stripe basally and with scattered minute dark brown spots; crossveins on basal part mostly with dark brown markings. Hindwing with a large dark brown spot on distal part of anterior margin; apex generally dark brown ( Fig. 3 ); rhegma present as a dark brown spot fused with marginal marking. Abdominal terga yellowish brown alternate with dark brown. Male gonocoxites 9 plate-like, strongly sclerotized posteriorly in ventral view; gonocoxites 11 arrowshaped, broad in lateral view ( Fig. 2F–J ). Female anterior branch of gonocoxites 8 tubercular, with some long setae; posterior gonocoxties 8 nearly curved, long digitiform, with some long setae; gonocoxites 9 with some stout long setae and some short setae ( Fig. 2K–L ).

Description. Size.Headwidth 2.39–2.70mm;forewinglength 33.39–37.10mm;hindwinglength 33.32–36.81mm.

Head. Vertex raised, yellowish brown with some short setae ( Fig. 2A ). Compound eyes large. Antennae nearly three times as long as pronotum; scape and pedicel generally dark brown; each segment of non-intumescent flagellomeres dark brown anteromedially and pale posteriorly; intumescent flagellum black. Frons dark brown anteriorly and yellowish brown posteriorly ( Fig. 2B ). Clypeus yellowish brown with a few setae. Labrum reddish brown. Maxillary palpus generally dark brown. Labial palpus pale brown, distal segment fusiform and dark brown ( Fig. 2B ). Mandibles yellowish brown with distal half dark reddish brown.

Thorax. Yellowish brown, with dark markings. Pronotum longer than wide, with many long setae; anteriorly with an indistinct dark brown marking ( Fig. 2A ); posteromedially with a large indistinct dark brown marking; laterally with a pair of indistinct dark brown markings. Anterior margin of mesoprescutum black; mesonotum medially with a dark brown marking and laterally with a pair of black markings; mesoscutellum medially black, with a few pale setae. Metanotum black anteriorly, medially with a black marking; metascutellum generally black. Pleurae with a broad black stripe. Meso- and metasterna yellowish brown.

Legs. Long and slender, with many short black setae. All tibial spurs pale yellow, barely curved, reaching tip of tarsomere 2; tarsomere 1 generally brown; tarsomeres 2–5 generally dark brown, tarsomere 5 as long as entire length of tarsomeres 2–4; pretarsal claws slightly curved, protruded basally. Foreleg: Coxa pale brown, laterally with a black marking, distally with many pale long setae; femur basally yellowish brown with a long black seta, distal half black; tibia yellowish brown, basal 1/4 with a small black marking and medially with a large black marking. Midleg: Coxa pale brown; femur generally black with six to eight long setae; tibia generally dark brown, basally yellowish brown, basal 1/4 part with a yellowish brown spot. Hind leg: Coxa pale brown; femur dark brown on basal half, black distally; tibia yellowish brown, black basally, dark brown medially; tarsomere 1 longer than that of fore- and midleg.

Wings. ( Fig. 3 ) Long, distally rounded.Anterior Banksian line present. Male pilula axillaris present. Pterostigma pale. Forewing as nearly long as hindwing. Forewing with a large dark brown spot on distal part of anterior margin, crossveins on basal part mostly with dark brown markings; costal space generally transparent, dark brown distally; subcostal area with a series of discontinuous dark brown markings posteromedially; poststigmal area with a dark brown marking, marginal markings indistinct; radial area with many dark brown spots, posteriorly with a large dark brown spot; sectorial area with four dark brown markings; rhegma present as a large dark brown spot; cubital area with a curved short dark brown stripe basally and with scattered minute dark brown spots; costal crossveins mostly simple; five presectoral crossveins present, sometimes with a biareolate cell; RP with 10 branches; RP origin well proximad MP fork, about six crossveins apart. Hindwing with basal 2/3 transparent; with a large dark brown spot proximad pterostigma; apex generally dark brown; subcostal area with a series of discontinuous indistinct brownish spots; rhegma present as a dark brown spot fused with marginal marking; cubital area nearly protruded posteriorly; costal crossveins mostly simple; one presectoral crossvein present; RP origin well proximad MP fork.

Abdomen. Terga yellowish brown alternated with dark brown. Tergum 1 yellowish brown with a dark brown marking medially; tergum 2 generally dark brown with a pair of yellowish brown marking. Sterna generally dark brown ( Fig. 2C ). Male genitalia. Sternum 9 nearly pentagonal, lateral margin parallel, with some long setae. Tergum 9 slender, subrectangular. Gonocoxites 9 plate-like, apex strongly sclerotized, sclerotized part subtriangular in ventral view; slightly protruded in lateral view. Gonocoxites+gonostyli 11 arrow-shaped in ventral view; broad in lateral view; ectoproct subrectangular, posterior margin truncate in lateral view, with many long setae ( Fig. 2D–J ). Female genitalia. Pregenital plate small, subtriangular. Anterior branch of gonocoxites 8 tubercular, with long setae; posterior branch of gonocoxites 8 nearly curved, long digitiform, with some long setae; gonocoxites 9 with some long stout setae and some short setae. Ectoproct long ovoid in lateral view, with a few stout setae on ventral side ( Fig. 2K–L ).

Type material. Holotype ♂, CHINA: Guangxi, Congzuo, Longzhou County [AE州县], Zhubo Township [Ḧ 卜乡], Leiping Town [Ḃ平Dz], Nonggang Village [弄Ṅfl], Lenglei [楞垒], 200 m, 5. V .2021, Yan Lai ( CAU) . Paratype ♀, VIETNAM: Bac Kan, Babe , 3. VI .2012, F. Hayashi ( CAU) .

Etymology. The new species is dedicated to the collector of the holotype: Ms. Yan Lai [ḆDZ].

Distribution. China (Guangxi); Vietnam (Bac Kan).

Remarks. This new species is similar to D. motuoensis especially because of the marking locations on their bodies and wings, and the shape of their female gonocoxites 9. However, D. laiyanae sp. nov. can be distinguished from the latter by the absence of markings on vertex, the rhegma of forewing present as a large spot, the posterior area of forewing with seven spots, the cubital area of forewing with many scattered minute dark brown spots and with a curved short stripe basally, the rhegma of hindwing as a spot fused with marginal marking, the stout setae on female gonocoxites 9 long. In D. motuoensis , the vertex has some brown markings, the rhegma on forewing is present as an oblique stripe, the posterior area with two spots, the cubital area on forewing with an indistinct small marking and an incomplete arcuate brown stripe, the rhegma on hindwing present as a long ovoid marking fused with marginal markings, and the stout setae on female gonocoxites 9 are short.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus. A. Dendroleon laiyanae sp. nov., holotype male; B. D. regius (Navás, 1914), male.

FIGURE 2. Dendroleon laiyanae sp. nov.. A. Head and thorax, dorsal view, male holotype; B. head, frontal view, male holotype; C. abdomen, ventral view, paratype female; male terminalia: D. ventral view; E. lateral view; male genitalia: F. ventral view; G. anteroventral view; H. lateral view; I. caudal view; J. dorsal view; female terminalia: K. ventral view; L. lateral view. Abbreviations: ect: ectoproct, gst: gonostyli, gx: gonocoxites, agx: anterior branch of gonocoxites, pgx: posterior branch of gonocoxites, pp: pregenital plate, S: sternum.

FIGURE 3. Dendroleon laiyanae sp. nov., male holotype, partial habitus. Abbreviations: C: costa; Sc: subcosta; RA: radius anterior; RP: radius posterior; MA: media anterior; MP: media posterior; CuA: cubitus anterior; CuP: cubitus posterior; A: anal veins; BL: Banksian line.