Cyzenis tetrasetosa, Shima & Abe & Libra, 2021

Shima, Hiroshi, Abe, Tomokazu & Libra, Martin, 2021, Tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae) reared from deciduous plant-feeding lepidopteran larvae at Hokkaido University Tomakomai Forest (Japan), with descriptions of three new species, Zootaxa 5060 (2), pp. 275-295 : 287-289

Cyzenis tetrasetosa sp. nov.

( Figs 18–23 , 41–42 )

Diagnosis. Frons at narrowest point 0.30–0.33 of head width in male, 0.32–0.33 in female; frontal length in profile about 0.9 of facial length; 4 postsutural dorsocentral setae; postpedicel about 5.5 times as long as pedicel in male, 4 times in female; gena 0.3 of eye height in profile; posterior spiracles of puparium only slightly raised above surface of puparium.

Description. Body length: 5.2–7.3 mm.

[Resembling the preceding species and differing from it as follows:] Male. Head with dense yellow to golden yellow pruinosity, face and facial ridge whitish and genal dilation and occiput grayish; frons at narrowest point 0.30–0.33 of head width (0.95–1.00 of single eye width); parafacial weakly bulged in profile, subequal in width to postpedicel in horizontal position at mid height (only slightly narrower in profile); frontal length about 0.9 of facial length in profile; face about 4/9 as wide as long at level of vibrissa; gena 0.37–0.40 of eye height in horizontal position (0.30–0.32 in profile); inner vertical seta about 2/3 as long as eye height; 2 reclinate orbital setae, anterior seta stronger and about 3/4 as long as inner vertical seta; fronto-orbital plate with fine and rather dense hairs; facial ridge with short setulae on at most lower 2/5; antenna with postpedicel about 3.5 times as long as wide and 5.5 times as long as pedicel; arista thickened on basal 1/2, 2nd aristomere only slightly longer than wide; palpus slender, only slightly bulged apically, about 3/5 as long as postpedicel. Thorax: prosternum with a pair of rather long and strong setae and 2–3 pairs of fine, short hairs; 3 presutural and 4 postsutural dorsocentral setae; basal scutellar seta about 5/6 as long as subapical seta, and about 1.6 times as long as scutellum, lateral seta about 1.5 times as long as scutellum; very fine, hair-like apical setae parallel to each other or divergent; wing with 2nd costal sector bare or with at most 3 fine setulae below; vein M from dm-cu crossvein to bend about 1.6 times distance between bend and wing margin; dm-cu crossvein rather well concave below, subequal in length to last section of vein CuA 1; legs with fore claws and pulvilli slightly shorter than 5th tarsomere. Abdominal dorsum with pale yellowish gray pruinosity on 3rd to 5th tergites, pruinosity with shifting appearance in direction of light, posterior margin of 3rd and 4th tergites weakly darkened; hairs on dorsum rather sparse, short, fine and suberect, longer on median and lateral portions and fine and erect on 5th tergite. Terminalia [differing from the preceding species as follows]: Cerci in dorsal view more widened at base; surstylus in lateral view curved posteriorly near apex, dorsal margin curved ventrally in apical 1/4, apical portion with 3–4 fine setulae; epiphallus long.

Female. Differing from male as follows: Frons at the narrowest point 0.32–0.33 of head width (0.9–1.1 of eye width); outer vertical seta about 1/2 as long as inner vertical seta; 2 subequally long proclinate orbital setae, nearly as long as anterior reclinate orbital seta; 4–5 frontal setae; parafacial about 1.25 times as wide as postpedicel at mid height in horizontal position (about as wide as in profile); frons in profile about as long as facial length; postpedicel of antenna about 3.5 times as long as wide and 4 times as long as pedicel; no apical scutellar setae; claws and pulvilli distinctly shorter than 5th tarsomere. Terminalia: 6th tergite rather short, with several long hairs on posterior margin; 7th spiracle on posteroventral portion of 7th tergite; 7th tergite reduced to rather small hemitergite, slightly shorter than 6th tergite; 8th tergite small and short; 8th sternite reduced to two small sclerites.

Puparium. Length 5.0– 6.2 mm, width 2.2–2.9 mm. Similar to the preceding species, but slightly larger; posterior spiracles only slightly raised above surface of puparium, slightly more widely separated than in the preceding species; 11–12 spiracular slits encircling cicatrix (button).

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the four postsutural dorsocentral setae on the thorax, from the Latin nouns tetra (four) plus seta (bristle) and the suffix osus (nature of).

Type material. Holotype male*: Japan, Hokkaido / Tomakomai, Toma- / komai Experimental Forest // ex 10.vi.2014 (emerged) / ex Operophtera relegate / M. Libra & T. Abe (TO: 10564) ( HUM).

Paratypes *: 2 males, 3 females, same data as holotype except date, 2.vi.2015 [( TOC 22078 (1 male); TOC 22205 (1 female); TOC 22624 (1 male); TOC 22379 (1 female); TOC 23643 (1 female)] ; 7 males 6 females, same data as holotype except date and host, 27.v.2014, 10.vi.2014, 5.v.2015, 2.vi.2015, 6.vii.2015, ex Operophtera brunnea [ TOC 03549 (1 male); TOC 04707 (1 male); TOC 07916 (1 female); TOC 06623 (1 female); TOC 20740 (1 male); TOC 21253 (1 female); TOC 21370 (1 female); TOC 21576 (1 male); TOC 23155 (1 female); TOC 23211 (1 female); TOC 23147 (1 male); TOC 23743 (1 male); TOC 23944 (1 male)] ; 4 males 2 females, same data as preceding, 25.v.2015, 2.vi.2015, 10.vi.2015, ex Lomographa simplicior [( TOC 20608 (1 male); TOC 21969 (1 male); TOC 22843 (1 female); TOC 22934 (1 male); TOC 24486 (1 male); TOC 24499, (1 female)] ( HUM, USNM, SMNS) ; 1 male, Akita Pref., Oga Pen., Mt. Shinzan , 4.v.1989, S. Fukushi ; 1 male, Saitama Pref., Yorii, Mt. Kanetsukido , 11.iv.1989, K. Hara ; 1 male, Fukuoka Pref., Mt. Kusenbu , 15.iv.1988, H. Shima ( KUM) ; 8 males, Fukuoka Pref., Mt. Hikosan , 1000 m, 19.iv.1938, K. Yasumatsu ( ELKU) .

Other specimens examined *. 1 male (shrunken), same data as holotype except date and host, 25.v.2015, ex Operophtera brunnea ( TOC 04426) ( HUM) .

Hosts. Lepidoptera , Geometridae : Lomographa simplicior (Butler) , Operophtera brunnea Nakajima , O. relegata Prout.

Remarks. This species is a solitary parasitoid, developing in the host and pupating within the dead host caterpillar. The hosts are geometrid larvae instead of the leaf rolling gelechiids or tortricids parasitized by Cyzenis equifacialis sp. nov., which all occurs sympatrically and synchronically in this forest. The three Japanese species of Cyzenis Robineau-Desvoidy can be distinguished by the following key:

1. Three presutural and three postsutural dorsocentral setae; antenna with postpedicel about 7 times as long as pedicel in male. ................................................................................................... 2

- Four postsutural dorsocentral setae; antenna with postpedicel 5.5 times as long as pedicel in male, 4 times as long as pedicel in female; frons at narrowest point 0.30–0.33 of head width in male, 0.32–0.33 in female............. C. tetrasetosa sp. nov.

2. Head with fronto-orbital plate and abdomen usually with silvery or grayish pruinosity; prosternum with fine hairs on both sides; male head with 1 proclinate orbital seta; frons 0.35–0.41 of head width in male, 0.36–0.41 in female.... C. albicans (Fallén)

- Fronto-orbital plate with pale yellowish or pale yellowish gray pruinosity; prosternum bare; male head without a proclinate orbital seta; abdomen with pale yellowish gray pruinosity, pruinosity light tessellate in appearance; frons 0.34–0.35 of head width in male, 0.38–0.39 in female..................................................... C. equifacialis sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 18–23. Male and female terminalia of Cyzenis tetrasetosa sp. nov. (paratypes, Hokkaido, Japan). 18. Male 5th sternite in ventral view (hairs omitted on left side). 19. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in dorsal view (hairs omitted on epandrium and cerci). 20. Same in lateral view (hairs omitted on epandrium and cercus). 21. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. 22. Female terminalia in lateral view. 23. Same in ventral view (hairs omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 35–44. Puparia. 35–36. Blepharomyia brevicornis sp. nov. (paratype, Hokkaido, Japan). 37–38. Ctenophorinia grisea Mesnil (Hokkaido, Japan). 39–40. Cyzenis equifacialis sp. nov. (paratype, Hokkaido, Japan). 41–42. Cyzenis tetrasetosa sp. nov. (paratype, Hokkaido, Japan). 43.44. Eulasiona zimini Mesnil (Hokkaido, Japan). 35, 37, 39, 41, 43. Lateral view. 36, 38, 40, 44. Posterior apex in lateral or posterior view.