Cyprideis machadoi ( Purper, 1979 )

Gross, Martin, Ramos, Maria Ines F. & Piller, Werner E., 2014, On the Miocene Cyprideis species flock (Ostracoda; Crustacea) of Western Amazonia (Solimões Formation): Refining taxonomy on species level, Zootaxa 3899 (1), pp. 1-69 : 16-17

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3899.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D78F2010-08E1-45C0-86FF-7F2D3601070D
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/017587FE-FFA3-FFD7-71F4-DEE5FD58FCE5
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Cyprideis machadoi ( Purper, 1979 )
status

Treatment

Cyprideis machadoi ( Purper, 1979) View in CoL

Figs. 4d–f View FIGURE 4 ; Pl. 1, Figs. 27–41; Pl. 2, Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 –23

1977 Ostracoda B n.g.,n.sp.—Purper: 359; Pl. 1, Figs. 9 View FIGURE 9 –14.

* 1979 Chlamydocytheridea machadoi Purper , gen. et sp. nov. —Purper: 237–238; Pl. 6, Figs. 1–6 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 .

? 1979 Cyprideis truncata Purper , sp. nov. —Purper: 232–233; Pl. 4, Figs. 12–22.

non 1979 Paulacoutoia kroemmelbeini Purper , sp. nov. —Purper: 236–237; Pl. 5, Figs. 18–24.

1980 Otarocyprideis elegans sp. nov. —Sheppard & Bate: 101–102; Pl. 8, Figs. 10 View FIGURE 10 –12; Pl. 9, Figs. 1–5 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 , 7 View FIGURE 7 .

1983 Chlamydocytheridea machadoi Purper, 1979 —Purper & Pinto: 114; Pl. 1, Figs. 14–17.

pars 1991 Chlamydocytheridea kotzianae Purper & Ornellas View in CoL , sp. nov. —Purper & Ornellas: 26; Pl. 1, Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 . [non Pl. 1, Figs. 8–9 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 ].

1998 Cyprideis machadoi ( Purper, 1979) View in CoL —Muñoz-Torres et al.: 98; Pl. 3, Figs. 15–17.

1998 Cyprideis machadoi ( Purper, 1979) View in CoL —Whatley et al.: 235; Text-fig. 2; Pl. 2, Figs. 6–10 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 [sic].

? 2010 Cyprideis machadoi ( Purper, 1979) View in CoL —Wesselingh & Ramos: 308; Figs. 18.5m –n.

2011 Cyprideis machadoi —Linhares et al.: 95; Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 /13–14.

? 2013 Cyprideis aff. machadoi ( Purper, 1979) —Gross et al.: 227–229; Pl. 6, Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 –20, 22.

Material. 1,031 valves; samples AM 10/15–16, 19, 21–31, 35, 40–42, 48.

Dimensions (total range over all samples). R ♀ l = 0.90–1.25 (1.03), h = 0.46–0.64 (0.53; n = 95); L ♀ l = 0.92–1.26 (1.08), h = 0.50–0.67 (0.58; n = 17); R ♂ l = 1.08–1.39 (1.22), h = 0.51–0.66 (0.57; n = 8); L ♂ l = 1.10–1.38 (1.25), h = 0.55–0.68 (0.61; n = 3); Rj(A-1) l = 0.69–0.90 (0.80), h = 0.37–0.47 (0.41; n = 5); Rj(A-2) l = 0.59–0.65, h = 0.28–0.33 (0.31; n = 7); Lj(A-1) l = 0.70–0.81 (0.77), h = 0.36–0.45 (0.41; n =3) .

Remarks. These valves coincide with the type material of Purper (1977, 1979), with the junior synonym O. elegans of Sheppard & Bate (1980; see Purper & Pinto 1985) as well as with the specimens from Purper & Pinto (1983), Muñoz-Torres et al. (1998), Whatley et al. (1998) and Linhares et al. (2011).

Muñoz-Torres et al. (1998: 98) characterise the very large, smooth, asulcate C. machadoi as “extremely variable, particularly in the curvature and width of the anterior part of the right valve, in the degree of development of the flange and in variation in the shape and outline of the anterior margin of the left valve, where a “ Chlamydotheca ”-like extension may or may not be present, or may be only partly developed; a reversed hinge occurs in some specimens.” Similarly, our observations demonstrate a strong variability of the “ Chlamydotheca ”- like flange in left valves, which goes along with substantial changes in outline (e.g. well-developed flange (AM10- 23; Pl. 1, Figs. 27, 30), poorly developed flange (AM10/27; Pl. 2, Figs. 5 View FIGURE 5 , 8 View FIGURE 8 ), intermediately developed flange (AM10/30; Pl. 2, Figs. 14, 17)). Additionally, considerable variations in valve size are evident between samples ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 and figures on Pl. 1–2). Remarkably, right juvenile valves exhibit a tiny denticulation posteroventrally as well as one short posteroventral spine (Pl. 1, Figs. 37, 39 and especially 40). These denticles become integrated in the posteroventral flange extension in the adult stadium (Pl. 1, Fig. 41).

Muñoz-Torres et al. (1998) put Paulacoutoia kroemmelbeini Purper, 1979 , Chlamydocytheridea kotzianae Purper & Ornellas, 1991 (both transferred to Cyprideis ) and Cyprideis truncata Purper, 1979 into the synonymy of C. machadoi .

However, C. kroemmelbeini is more closely related to Cyprideis olivencai ( Purper, 1979) (see chapter 4.5.3.) and cannot be included in C. machadoi . Compared to C. machadoi , C. kroemmelbeini and C. olivencai (see Pl. 4, Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 –29) are much smaller, have an different outline (i.e., greatest height behind the ventral concavity; dorsal margin less sloping backwards), the anterior vestibulum is much larger, marginal pore canals are much shorter, simple or only anteroventrally branched or ramified ( Figs. 4l–n View FIGURE 4 ), and the median hinge elements are shorter.

C. kotzianae is a valid taxon and only parts of the type series of this species belong to C. machadoi (see below).

The material from the Late Miocene of Eirunepé ( Wesselingh & Ramos 2010; Gross et al. 2013) is close to C. machadoi , especially to the specimens from samples AM10/25 and 24. However, as reported by Gross et al. (2013), the Eirunepé valves are smaller, anterior and posterior hinge elements are weaker, the inner lamella is less wide, the branched character of the marginal pores is less developed and the area between flange and selvage anterior is narrower. Gross et al. (2013) discussed a possible synonymy of the Eirunepé specimens with C. truncata , which, however, needs to be reinvestigated. Based on the documented variability here, it is possible that C. truncata belongs to C. machadoi —at least in a wider sense.

Occurrence (of C. machadoi sensu Muñoz-Torres et al. 1998 ). Western Amazonia ( Brazil, Colombia, Peru), early Middle to early Late Miocene ( C. aulakos – C. cyrtoma zone; Muñoz-Torres et al. 2006; chronostratigraphic correlation after Wesselingh & Ramos 2010).