Cyphea wallisi Fenyes, 1921

Brunke, Adam J., Pentinsaari, Mikko & Klimaszewski, Jan, 2021, Integrative taxonomy of Nearctic and Palaearctic Aleocharinae: new species, synonymies, and records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), ZooKeys 1041, pp. 27-99 : 27

Cyphea wallisi Fenyes, 1921 Figs 21A-G , 22A-D

Cyphea wallisi Fenyes, 1921

Agaricomorpha vincenti Klimaszewski & Webster, 2016, syn. nov.

Agaricomorpha vincenti : Klimaszewski et al. 2018 (as synonym of C. curtula )

Type material.

Cyphea wallisi Fenyes, 1921. Paratype, male (MCZ). Winnipeg, Man. [handwritten label] / Wallis [handwritten label] / 25490. / Cyphea , Wallisi, Feny [handwritten label] / Type., 9989, 9983 [typed red label].

Agaricomorpha vincenti Klimaszewski & Webster, 2016, syn. nov. Holotype, male (LFC). Canada, New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, "Bell Forest", 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 7-21.VI.2012, C. Alderson & V. Webster, coll. [white typed label] / Rich Appalachian hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel trap in canopy of Fagus grandifolia [white typed label] / Holotype Agaricomorpha vincenti Klimaszewski & Webster, 2016 [red typed label] / Cyphea curtula (Erichson) det. Klimaszewski 2017 [white typed label] / Cyphea wallisi Fenyes det. A. Brunke 2020.

The aedeagi of the male paratype (holotype in collection of the California Academy of Sciences) of C. wallisi and holotype of A. vincenti are identical and both differ from that of Palaearctic Cyphea curtula (image by V. Assing) by the broader distal lobe in lateral view, which only slightly extends beyond the distal plate (Fig. 22A-C ). Therefore, we transfer Agaricomorpha vincenti from synonymy with Cyphea curtula to synonymy with Cyphea wallisi .

Other material

(DNA barcoded specimens). Canada: Ontario: Rouge National Urban Park, Toronto Zoo, 43.8223, -79.1897, forest, malaise trap, 25.VI.2013, L. Attard and K. Greenham (2, CBG); Hartington, Eel Lake Cottage , Lindgren funnel trap, 44.5628, -76.553, 25.VII.2017, G. Blagoev (1, CBG) ; Nova Scotia: Clyburn Valley Road , near golf course, Cape Breton National Highlands NP, forest, Malaise trap, 46.6553, -60.4285, 28.VI.2013, CBH staff (1, CBG) .

Non-barcoded specimens.

Canada: Quebec: Mont St. Bruno Prov Park, 45.541, -73.319, Lindgren funnel, trap 5, tree 2, beech-maple canopy, 21.VII-3.VIII.2005 (1, CNC); Oka Prov Park, Lindgren funnel, trap 3, tree 1, beech-maple canopy, 27.VII.30.VIII.2005 (1, CNC).

Distribution.

Origin: Nearctic. Canada: AB, MB, NB, NS [new record], ON [new record], QC.

Bionomics.

Specimens have been collected in Malaise traps, window traps and Lindgren funnels placed in forests. Both the closely related West Palaearctic C. curtula and C. latiuscula Sjöberg have been consistently collected under bark, where they occur in the larval burrows of various longhorn beetles ( Cerambycidae ), bark beetles ( Curculionidae : Scolytinae ) and the carpenter moth ( Cossus L.) ( Palm 1968).

Comments.

Cyphea wallisi is a broadly distributed native Nearctic species, reported from AB east to NS. Here we treat Nearctic records of Cyphea as C. wallisi (previously treated as Palaearctic C. curtula , e.g., Klimaszewski et al. 2018) and newly report the genus from ON and NS. Cyphea wallisi is probably far more broadly distributed in North America than currently known and has been underreported due to its small size.

Sequenced Nearctic specimens of Cyphea from ON and NS formed a barcode cluster that was nearly 5% divergent from those of Palaearctic specimens of C. curtula (BOLD:AAO1175, one published sequence record from Belgium and three unpublished records from the Netherlands). Northern European C. latiuscula , the only other species of the genus, has a broader body outline, different male genitalia and is quite differently colored (bicolored pronotum and pale elytra). No barcode sequence data are currently available for C. latiuscula . Based on the study of one paratype of C. wallisi , described from Manitoba and not reported since, it was discovered that Nearctic specimens of Cyphea correspond to this species and differ from Palaearctic C. curtula by the broader distal lobe of the median lobe of the aedeagus in lateral view, which only slightly extends beyond the distal plate (Fig. 22A-C ). The shape of the median lobe of the aedeagus in dorsal view may also be diagnostic (Fig. 22D ) but a preparation in this view was unavailable for C. curtula . The illustration in Palm (1968) of the aedeagus of C. curtula in dorsal view appears to be less angulate than that of C. wallisi but this needs verification. Based on these differences in male genitalia (Fig. 22A-C ) and the COI barcodes, Cyphea wallisi is morphologically and genetically distinct from Palaearctic C. curtula , and the latter species does not occur in North America as far as known. Both of these species have a median tubercle on male tergite VII, mentioned earlier by Fenyes (1921) but this structure was omitted from the illustrations in Klimaszewski et al. (2018), though it was present in the original description of synonym Agaricomorpha vincenti ( Webster et al. 2016). Previous differences between the two species given by Klimaszewski et al. (2018) (e.g., projecting pronotal angles, lighter/darker body) proved to be highly variable.

Figures

Figure 21. Cyphea wallisi Fenyes A habitus B median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view C spermatheca D male tergite VIII E male sternite VIII F female tergite VIII G female sternite VIII. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B-G). Illustrations after Klimaszewski et al. (2018), used with permission.

Figure 22. Aedeagi of Cyphea wallisi Fenyes (A, B, D) and C. curtula (Erichson) (C), in lateral (A-C) and dorsal (D) view. Paratype of C. wallisi (A, D); holotype of Agaricomorpha vincenti Klimaszewski and Webster (= C. wallisi) (B); non-type, C. curtula (image by V. Assing) (C). Scale bar: 0.2 mm.