Cloridina ichneumon ( Fabricius, 1798 )

Nakajima, Hiroki, Ueda, Tetsuya, Itani, Gyo & Osawa, Masayuki, 2024, The mantis shrimp genus Clorida Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 (Crustacea: Stomatopoda: Squillidae) in Japan, with the first Japanese record of Cloridina ichneumon (Fabricius, 1798), Zootaxa 5463 (4), pp. 501-523 : 516-520

Cloridina ichneumon ( Fabricius, 1798)

[New Japanese name: Naga-meboso-shako]

( Figs. 9 , 10 )

Restricted synonymy.

Squilla ichneumon Fabricius, 1798: 416 [type locality: Bombay, India, by neotype selection ( Holthuis 2000)].— Holthuis 2000: 16.

Squilla microphthalma H. Milne Edwards, 1837: 523 [type locality: Bombay, India, by lectotype designation ( Ahyong 2001)].

Cloridina ichneumon .— Holthuis 2000: fig. 3.— Ahyong 2016: 460, figs. 2, 4C.

Clorida japonica .— Ariyama 2012: 176, unnumbered fig.— Ariyama et al. 2014 (part): figs. 4B1, B2.— Okada et al. 2016: fig. 2.

Material examined. CBM-ZC17111, 1 male (TL 78.5 mm, CL 14.0 mm), Sashiki, Okinawa Island , tidal flat, coll. T. Komai, 3 May 1996 . RUMF-ZC-7655, 1 female (TL 34.9 mm, CL 6.7 mm), Sashiki, Okinawa Island , tidal flat, coll. Okinawa Prefecture Environment Science Center, 10 May 2017 . RUMF-ZC-7663, 1 female (TL 60.3 mm, CL 11.5 mm), Sashiki, Okinawa Island , tidal flat, coll. M. Osawa, 13 Jul. 2010 . RUMF-ZC-7661, 1 male (TL 72.8 mm, CL 13.6 mm), Awase, Okinawa Island , tidal flat, coll. M. Osawa, 5 Apr. 2010 . RUMF-ZC-7662, 1 female (TL 59.5 mm, CL 11.2 mm), Awase, Okinawa Island , tidal flat, coll. M. Osawa, 24 Jun. 2010 . KAUM-AT-3410, 1 female (TL 80.7 mm, CL 13.7 mm), KAUM-AT-3411, 1 female (TL 82.8 mm, CL 13.9 mm), KAUM-AT-3412, 1 female (TL 84.3 mm, CL 15.7 mm), KAUM-AT-3413, 1 male (TL 51.1 mm, CL 8.5 mm), Warabishima, Izumi City , Kagoshima Prefecture, tidal flat, yabby pump, coll. R. Koreeda, 8 Apr. 2024 . RUMF-ZC-7469, 1 female (TL 44.7 mm, CL 8.8 mm), Kushinoura, Susaki Bay , Kochi Prefecture, coll. G. Itani, 15 May 2022 . RUMF-ZC-7656, 1 male (TL 72.2 mm, CL 13.7 mm), 1 female (TL 72.2 mm, CL 13.7 mm), Kushinoura, Susaki Bay , Kochi Prefecture, coll. Y. Henmi & G. Itani, 2 Jul. 2015 . RUMF-ZC-7657, 1 male (TL 30.3 mm, CL 6.3 mm), 1 female (CL 3.1 mm, broken), Kushinoura, Susaki Bay , Kochi Prefecture, coll. Y. Henmi & G. Itani, 16 Aug. 2015 . RUMF-ZC-7658, 1 female (TL 58.3 mm, CL 10.3 mm), Kushinoura, Susaki Bay , Kochi Prefecture, coll. Y. Henmi & G. Itani, 21 May 2016 . SINH-CR 1118, 1 male (TL 25.0 mm, CL 4.5 mm), inner area of Uranouchi Inlet, Susaki City , Kochi Prefecture, tidal flat, coll. Y. Machida, 13 Jun. 2004 .

Diagnosis. Carapace with anterolateral spines ( Fig. 9A ). Rostral plate as long as broad. Ocular scales fused in adults. A1 somite dorsal processes distally acute ( Fig. 9B ). Distal margin of second segment of A2 peduncle not extending anteriorly beyond eyes ( Fig. 9A ). Mandibular palp present ( Fig. 9C ). Raptorial claw dactylus with 4–5 teeth ( Fig. 9D ); extensor margin without basal notch. TS5 lateral process with blunt triangular lobe ( Fig. 9E, F ). Uropodal protopod with single rounded lobe on lateral margin of mesial spine. Eye stalk with many black pigments dorsally ( Figs. 9A, B , 10 ). A2 scale not black ( Figs. 9B , 10A, C, D ).

Colour in life. Body entirely dull or light green, or greenish grey ( Fig. 10 ). Eye stalks with dense black spots. Margin of carapace, posterior margins of TS6–8 and AS 1–6 with narrow black lines. AS 1–5 with white patches laterally ( Fig. 10B ). Posterior half of proximal segment of uropodal exopod black.

Remarks. Cloridina Manning, 1995 is morphologically very close to Clorida . Cloridina and Clorida are distinguishable only by the shape of eyes, but this distinction is not always clear in species of both genera, suggesting recognition of perhaps only the single genus Clorida (cf. Ahyong 2001). The second segment of the A2 peduncle does not overreach the anterior margin of the eye in Cloridina except for Cn. albatrossae Ahyong, 2004 and Cn. chlorida ( Brooks, 1886) .

Our specimens examined in this study were identified as Cn. ichneumon based on the aforementioned diagnostic characters. These characters agree well with a recent description and photograph of the species by Ahyong (2016: figs. 2, 4C).

In this study, we reassessed the records of Clorida japonica by Ariyama (2012), Ariyama et al. (2014) and Okada et al. (2016) (see Remarks of C. albolitura and C. japonica mentioned above). The specimen illustrated by Ariyama (2012, 2 unnumbered figures) was assumed to be Cn. ichneumon based on the length of the A2 peduncle and the body coloration. Two photographs in Ariyama et al. (2014: fig. 4B1, B2) were found to be actually based on the same specimen used in Ariyama (2012) due to an error (H. Ariyama, personal communication with the first author).

Okada et al. (2016) reported 12 specimens of C. japonica from several sites in Kochi Prefecture. However , our examination of nine specimens has shown that they do not belong to that species (see Remarks of C. albolitura mentioned above). Six specimens (RUMF-ZC-7469, 7656, 7657, 7658 and SINH-CR 1118) all collected from the intertidal flats are identified as Cn. ichneumon based on the aforementioned diagnostic characters. Remaining three specimens we could not re-examine might be Cn. ichneumon because they were collected from the same intertidal flats as these six specimens.

Nine species of Cloridina are currently known from the Indo-West Pacific ( Ahyong 2001, 2004): Cn. albatrossae ; Cn. chlorida ; Cn. ichneumon ; Cn. inflata ( Moosa, 1991) ; Cn. malaccensis ( Manning, 1968) ; Cn. moluccensis Moosa, 1973 ; Cn. pelamidae ( Blumstein, 1970) ; Cn. stephensoni Ahyong, 2001 ; and Cn. verrucosa ( Hansen, 1926) . In Japanese waters, only one species, Cn. chlorida has been reported from Kumejima Island, Ryukyu Islands based on a single juvenile specimen ( Ahyong 2012). This is the first record of Cn. ichneumon from Japanese waters. The male specimen examined (RUMF-ZC-7661, TL 72.8 mm) is now designated as the standard specimen for the new Japanese name (Naga-meboso-shako) proposed here.

Distribution. East Africa to India, the Andaman Sea, Singapore, Gulf of Thailand, the South China Sea, and New Caledonia ( Ahyong 2016). Now from Japan. Distribution in Japan ( Fig. 11 ): Okinawa Island (this study); Kumamoto Prefecture ( Ariyama 2012 as Clorida japonica ; only photograph-based record) and Kagoshima Prefecture, western part of Kyushu Island (this study); Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku Island (partial specimens of C. japonica in Okada et al. 2016; this study).

Ecological note. Intertidal to 64 m depth ( Ahyong 2016). In Susaki Bay, Kochi Prefecture, all specimens were collected from lower intertidal muddy sediments. Co-inhabiting burrowing decapod crustaceans in the same habitat comprised of Upogebia sakaii Ngoc-Ho, 1994, Neotrypaea japonica ( Ortmann, 1891) , and Macrophthalmus banzai Wada & Sakai, 1989 .

Figures

FIGURE 9. Cloridina ichneumon (Fabricius, 1798). RUMF-ZC-7661, male, TL 72.8 mm. A, anterior cephalothorax, dorsal view, distal margin of second segment of A2 peduncle (arrow); B, same, right lateral view, A1 somite dorsal process (arrow); C, right, mandibular palp (arrow); D, right raptorial claw, lateral view; E, right TS5–8, dorsal view; F, right TS5, posterolateral view, lateral lobe (arrow); G, AS6, uropod and telson, dorsal view; H, same, right lateral view. Scale bars: 5 mm. Photograph credit: H. Nakajima.

FIGURE 10. Cloridina ichneumon (Fabricius, 1798). A, B, RUMF-ZC-7663, female, TL 60.3 mm: A, dorsal view; B, right lateral view. C, RUMF-ZC-7661, male, TL 72.8 mm, dorsal view. D, RUMF-ZC-7469, female, TL 44.7 mm, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm. A–C, photographed after freezing, D, photographed while alive. Photograph credits: M. Osawa (A–C), G. Itani (D).

FIGURE 11. Map showing the occurrences of five Clorida species and Cloridina ichneumon in Japan. Record of C. japonica at Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyushu Island (based on Komai 1927) is approximately plotted because of limited locality data.