Cirsium appendiculatum, Griseb.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 238

36. C. appendiculatum Griseb. , Spicil. FI. Rumel. 2: 250 (1846).

Perennial (5O-)1OO-19O cm. Stem simple or rarely sparingly branched above, usually leafy up to the apex. Lower leaves elliptical; upper somewhat coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, undulate, deeply pinnatifid, subglabrous; segments 3- to 5-lobed; lobes narrowly triangular to oblong, with stout spines (3—)5—13 mm. Capitula in apical clusters of (3-)6-8(-10), usually erect. Involucre 15-20 x (12-)l5-20 mm; bracts with patent apex and conspicuous vittae, with pungent spine 1-3 mm. Corolla 18-30 mm, purple. Achenes 4-6 mm; pappus 15-20 mm. 2л = 68. Damp, shady places. • Balkan peninsula. Al Bu Gr Ju.