Changminia dao Yao & Li, 2022

Chu, Chang, Yao, Zhiyuan, Wongprom, Prasit & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Changminia gen. nov., a new genus of daddy-long-leg spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from karst caves in Southeast Asia, Zootaxa 5092 (2), pp. 238-246 : 245

Changminia dao Yao & Li sp. nov.

Figs 4–5

Type material. Holotype: male (IZCAS-Ar 42496), Dao Cave (12°35.400′N, 99°43.800′E, elevation 123 m), Nong Phlap Subdistrict , Hua Hin District, Prachuap Kiri Khan, Thailand, 30 October 2014, P. Wongprom leg. Paratype: 1 female (IZCAS-Ar 42497), same data as holotype .

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition and refers to the type locality.

Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from C. huangdi ( Tong & Li, 2009) comb. nov. by procursus with elongated prolatero-subdistal apophysis (arrow 1 in Fig. 4C ; prolatero-subdistal apophysis short and pointed in C. huangdi , arrow in Fig. 2C ), without dorsal apophysis ( Fig. 4D ; with pointed dorsal apophysis in C. huangdi , arrow in Fig. 2D ), by procursus dorso-distally strongly protruding (arrow 2 in Fig. 4C ; not protruding in C. huangdi , Fig. 2C ), by male chelicerae blunt proximally (arrow in Fig. 5E ; pointed in C. huangdi , arrow in Fig. 3C ), with frontal apophyses (fa in Fig. 5E ; absent in C. huangdi ) and distal apophyses long, with sclerotized cones, serrated in lateral view (da in Fig. 5E ; distal apophyses short cone-shaped in C. huangdi , da in Fig. 3C ), and by external female genitalia with large, proximally wide and distally sharply narrow median apophysis (ma in Figs 5A–C ; median apophysis small in C. huangdi , ma in Fig. 3A ).

Description. Male (holotype): Total length 1.92 (2.04 with clypeus), carapace 0.78 long, 0.92 wide, opisthosoma 1.14 long, 0.88 wide. Leg I: 7.93 (2.12 + 0.36 + 2.05 + 2.69 + 0.71), leg II: 7.03 (1.99 + 0.36 + 1.73 + 2.31 + 0.64), leg III: 5.97 (1.60 + 0.33 + 1.47 + 1.99 + 0.58), leg IV missing; tibia I L/d: 19. Distance PME-PME 0.10, diameter PME 0.10, distance PME-ALE 0.03, distance AME-AME 0.02, diameter AME 0.04. Sternum wider than long (0.62/0.49). Habitus as in Figs 5G–H . Carapace yellowish, with brownish radiating marks; ocular area, clypeus and sternum brownish. Legs yellowish, but brownish on patellae, with slightly darker rings on distal parts of femora and tibiae. Opisthosoma yellowish, with brown dorsal and lateral spots. Ocular area elevated and separate from rest of carapace. Thoracic furrow shallow but distinct. Chelicerae ( Figs 5E–F ) with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses (pa in Figs 5E–F ) with stridulatory ridges, pair of distal apophyses with sclerotized cones each (da in Fig. 5E ), and pair of frontal apophyses with sclerotized cones each (fa in Figs 5E–F ). Pedipalps as in Figs 4A–B ; trochanter with retrolateral apophysis and ventral apophysis; femur conspicuously enlarged and dorsally strongly curved; procursus ( Figs 4C–D ) curved, with elongated prolatero-subdistal apophysis (arrow 1 in Fig. 4C ) and dorso-distal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 4C ); bulb simple, no other projections except for embolus ( Fig. 5D ). Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia I at 13% proximally; legs with short vertical setae on tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi, without spines or curved setae; tarsus I with 9 distinct pseudosegments.

Female: Similar to male, habitus as in Figs 5I–J . Total length 2.20 (2.33 with clypeus), carapace 0.78 long, 1.01 wide, opisthosoma 1.42 long, 1.28 wide; tibia I: 2.37, tibia I L/d: 20. Distance PME-PME 0.11, diameter PME 0.09, distance PME-ALE 0.03, distance AME-AME 0.02, diameter AME 0.04. Sternum wider than long (0.68/0.54). External female genitalia ( Figs 5A–B ) brown, with large, proximally wide and distally sharply narrow median apophysis (ma in Figs 5A–C ). Vulva ( Fig. 5C ) with membranous anterior arch and nearly n-shaped sclerite (arrow in Fig. 5C ), pore plates not seen.

Natural history. The species was found in the aphotic zone inside the cave.

Distribution. Thailand (Prachuap Kiri Khan, type locality; Fig. 1 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distribution records of the genus Changminia gen. nov. 1 Changminia huangdi comb. nov., 2 Changminia dao sp. nov.

FIGURE 2. Changminia huangdi comb. nov., paratype male (IZCAS-Ar 21439). A–B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view); C–D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view, arrow indicates short, pointed prolatero-subdistal apophysis; D. Dorsal view, arrow indicates pointed dorsal apophysis). b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A–B), 0.05 (C–D).

FIGURE 3. Changminia huangdi comb. nov., paratype male (C–F, IZCAS-Ar 21439) and paratype female (A–B, G–H; IZCAS-Ar 21448). A. External female genitalia, ventral view; B. Vulva, dorsal view, arrow indicates nearly n-shaped sclerite; C–D. Chelicerae (C. Frontal view, arrow indicates pointed proximal part; D. Lateral view); E–H. Habitus (E, G. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view; H. Ventral view). da = distal apophysis, ma = median apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis. Scale bars: 0.10 (A–D), 0.50 (E–H).

FIGURE 4. Changminia dao sp. nov., holotype male (IZCAS-Ar 42496). A–B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view); C–D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view, arrows 1 and 2 indicate elongated prolatero-subdistal apophysis and dorso-distal protrusion, respectively; D. Dorsal view). b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A–B), 0.05 (C–D).

FIGURE 5. Changminia dao sp. nov., holotype male (D–H, IZCAS-Ar 42496) and paratype female (A–C, I–J; IZCAS-Ar 42497). A–B. External female genitalia (A. Ventral view; B. Lateral view); C. Vulva, dorsal view, arrow indicates nearly nshaped sclerite; D. Bulb, prolateral view; E–F. Chelicerae (E. Frontal view, arrow indicates blunt proximal part; F. Lateral view); G–J. Habitus (G, I. Dorsal view; H. Lateral view; J. Ventral view). b = bulb, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ma = median apophysis, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis. Scale bars: 0.10 (A–F), 0.30 (G–J).