Chaetocnema (Udorpes) bretinghami Baly, 1877

Ruan, Yongying, Yang, Xingke, Konstantinov, Alexander S., Prathapan, Kaniyarikkal D. & Zhang, Mengna, 2019, Revision of the Oriental Chaetocnema species (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini), Zootaxa 4699 (1), pp. 1-206 : 141-143

57. Chaetocnema (Udorpes) bretinghami Baly, 1877

( Fig. 80 )

Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly, 1877: 170 . TL: India. TD: BMNH.

Distribution: Vietnam (new record), Thailand (new record), India, Bhutan (new record), Nepal (new record), Sri Lanka, Pakistan (new record), Israel (new record).

Host plants: Mangifera indica L. ( Anacardiaceae , common name: Mango) (based on label data of a single specimen).

Description: Body length: 2.20–2.45 mm. Body width: 1.20–1.40 mm. Ratio of length of antenna to length of body: 0.63–0.64. Ratio of elytron length (along suture) to width (maximum): 2.20–2.25. Ratio of pronotum width (at base) to length: 1.60–1.65. Ratio of length of elytron to length of pronotum (along middle): 2.50–2.60. Ratio of width of elytra at base (in middle of humeral calli) to width of pronotum at base: 1.09–1.11.

Dorsum brown, with purple coppery luster. Antennomeres 1–6 completely yellow brown, 6–11 brown. Tibiae and tarsi yellow brown. Pro- and mesofemur red brown. Metafemur dark red brown, occasionally with slight metallic luster.

Head hypognathous. Frontal ridge wide and flat. Frons covered with closely placed punctures. Ratio of width of frontal ridge to width of antennal socket: 2.25–2.30. Frontolateral sulcus absent. Suprafrontal sulcus moderately deep, with a pit in middle. Frons and vertex evenly covered with large, closely placed punctures. Vertex situated on same level as orbit.

Base of pronotum without short longitudinal impressions. Pronotal base evenly convex. Deep row of large punctures at base of pronotum absent. Area adjacent to mid-basal margin of pronotum covered with punctures. Pronotum without shallow antebasal impression. Anterolateral prothoracic callosity weakly developed, almost invisible from dorsal view. Lateral margins of pronotum nearly evenly convex, with maximum width near middle. Posterolateral prothoracic callosity poorly developed. Diameter of pronotal punctures 1.5–3 times smaller than distance between them.

Humeral callus well-developed. Elytra with convex lateral sides. Scutellar row of elytral punctures doubled (occasionally single or tripled) and confused. Second to eleventh rows of elytral punctures regular.

First protarsomere strongly enlarged in male. Excavation on metatibia moderately developed. Large lateral denticle on metatibia obtuse. Metatibial serration proximal to large lateral denticle absent.

Apex of aedeagus in ventral view narrowing abruptly. Ventral longitudinal groove of aedeagus extremely deep at middle and apex, poorly developed at base. Ventral longitudinal ridge in middle of aedeagus absent. Apical denticle of aedeagus absent. Aedeagus in lateral view curved at middle, straight at apex and base.

Spermatheca with receptacle sinuated, slender. Spermathecal pump much shorter than receptacle, with apex flattened. Maximum width of receptacle situated near middle. Receptacle basally as wide as apically. Vaginal pal- pus slightly narrowing from base till middle, thence approximately parallel-sided. Anterior sclerotization of vaginal palpus slightly narrowing anteriorly. Posterior sclerotization longer than wide. Posterior sclerotization wider than anterior.

Type: ♂ (Holotype) ( BMNH), labels: 1) Type H. T.; 2) Baly Coll.; 3) Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly .

Material: 1♀ ( BMNH), Vietnam, Tonkin, Hoabinh , VIII.1918, R. V. de Salvaza Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly, 1877 det. Yongying Ruan , 2016; 1♀ ( IZCAS), Vietnam, Tonkin, Hoa–Binh , VII.1940, leg. A de cooman . 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM), Thailand, Lop Buri Airawan Mt. , 9.VII.1953, R. E. Elbel ; 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM), Thailand, Korat. Si Khiu , Pak Chong, 23.VIII.1952 ; 1♂ ( USNM), Thailand, Khon Kaen Municipality Muaklek , Dan Kak Sat, X.13.1953, R. E. Elbel; 5 ( BMNH), Thailand, Nan Province, Lainan, 20–23.ix.2012, cabbage farm, 18.579°N, 100.757°E, LN3 Light trap, leg. D. L. J. Quicke, BMNH(E) 2015–75 ; 1♂ ( USNM), Bhutan, S of Trashigang road side, N 27°42'652", E 91°33'695", 7.IX.2005, 2219m, A. Konstantinov & K. D. Prathapan ; 1♀ ( USNM), Bhutan, Tongsa dist., 52 km N. Shemgang, N 27°20'045", E 90°35'461", 12.IX.2005, 2131m, dry slope, A. Konstantinov & K. D. Prathapan; 1♀ ( USNM), Nepal, Chitwan National Park , black light, 820ft, 31.X.1977, Gary F. Hevel; 1♀ ( USNM), Nepal, Tarai, Env. Chitwan Park 25.IV.2000, 27°28'79"N, 84°52'54"E, 300m, Beating vegetation along river, Konstantinov, Lingafelter, Volkovitsh ; 1♂ 1♀ ( BMNH), India, W. Almora Divn , Kumaon U.P., III.1917, H. G. O., H. G. Champion Coll., B. M. 1953–156 ; 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM), India, Madhya Prad. Jabalpur , 20–21.IX.1968, KE Gibson, Loan from USNMNH 2065634 ; 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM), India, Bombay, JC Bridwell coll., 16.IX.1924, Loan from USNMNH 2065634 ; 1♀, Chabus Assam India, 2.X.43, DEHardy, Chaetocnema ♀ det. A. Konstantinov, Chae- tocnema bretinghami Baly, 1877 det. Yongying Ruan, 2016; 1, West Bengal ( India), Singur , Burasanti, 28 April 1972 HBB, Oppenheimer, Chaetocnema sp. C.R. Basu det. , Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly, 1877 det. Yongying Ruan, 2016; 1, West Bengal ( India), Singur , Burasanti, 9.May.1971 Gc, Oppenheimer, Chaetocnema sp. C.R. Basu det. , Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly, 1877 det. Yongying Ruan, 2016; 1 male ( BMNH), India U.P., Meerut Univ. , V–IX.1983, A. Chandra, Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly , det. M. L. Cox , 1984, Pres by Comm Inst Ent, B. M. 1984–1; 1 ( BMNH), Host Mango , Loc. Delhi ( India), Date 18.9.1980, Coll. V. V. Ramamurthy, C.I.E. Coll. A12721 , Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly , det. M. L. Cox , 1981, Pres by Comm Inst Ent, B. M. 1984–1; 1 ( BMNH), H. L. Andrewes , Nilgiri Hills ( India), Andrewes, Bequest, B. M. 1922–221, Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly, 1877 , Det. Yongying Ruan , 2016; 1♀ ( USNM), Pakistan, Punj. , 16mile W Hasanabdal, 1450feet, 10.X.1977, collectors: Gary F. Hevel & Mushtaq Ahmad, Chaetocnema sp. det. Konstantinov ; 2♀ ( USNM), Israel, Bat–Iam , 20–14.I.1968, S. Bleszynski, Leaf litter, Loan from USNMNH 2065634; Chaetocnema bretinghami Baly, 1877 det. Yongying Ruan , 2016.

Remarks: This species is very close to C. birmanica and C. concinnicollis . It can be distinguished from C. birmanica by the following characters: elytral punctures (excluding peri-scutellar ones) arranged in regular rows, denticle of aedeagus absent, apex of aedeagus concave in ventral view; and from C. concinnicollis by the distinctly different shape of aedeagus and strongly costate elytra.

Peri-scutellar rows of punctures in C. bretinghami vary from one to three in some specimens.

Figures

FIGURE 80. Chaetocnema bretinghami. A Male habitus. B Pronotum. C Head, frontal view. D Aedeagus, ventral view. E Aedeagus, ventral view. F Aedeagus, lateral view. G Vaginal palpi. H Spermatheca. I Pygidium (tergite 7) of female.