Caudafistulus rubrinervosus ( Serville, 1838 ) Cadena-Castañeda & Quintana-Arias & Rodríguez & Páez, 2021

Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando, Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo & Páez, Geraldine, 2021, Studies on raspy crickets: Caudafistulus rubrinervosus (Serville, 1838) n. comb (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae), Zootaxa 5067 (2), pp. 249-258 : 252-254

Caudafistulus rubrinervosus ( Serville, 1838) n. comb.

( Figs. 1–4 )

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:21665

Comments. In Griffini’s contribution (1910), the author provides an informative description of the species, including a drawing of the male subgenital plate. For the reasons mentioned here, a description is given that adds characters not observed by Griffini and that are useful for the identification of the species. The holotype specimen deposited in Vienna is in poor condition and is not useful for comparison and identification of additional material.

Emended description. Male. In addition to the characters mentioned for the generic description: Coloration. Body predominantly pink, with some whitish-pink spots on the external face of the hind femur and pronotum, more noticeable when the insects are alive ( Fig. 4 ). Conspicuous frontal ocellus, round, whitish, and with a pink point in the center ( Fig. 2A ). Dark purple eyes ( Figs. 2B, C ). Tegmina veins with basal two-thirds pink, distal third dark red ( Fig. 2F ). Head. Dorsal edge of vertex rounded and protruding upwards ( Figs. 2A–C ) Labrum triangular, clypeus ovoid; symmetrical mandibles ( Fig. 2A ); maxillary palps with the third and fourth segment subequal, fifth segment longer than the third; last segment of the labial palp rounded, and with the inner edge flattened ( Fig. 2C ). Pronotum. Smooth and shiny, pronotal disc rounded, with anterior margin slightly protruding forward, posterior margin straight ( Fig. 2B ), lower border of lateral lobes straight ( Fig. 2C ). Legs. Hind femur ventrally armed with five to seven spines on the outer margin and three to five on the inner margin placed from the middle of the femur towards the apex ( Fig. 2E ). The inner surface of the hind femur without denticulations. Hind tibia dorsally armed with conspicuous spines two to three outer and three inner spines. Wings. R vein bifurcating over the last distal third of the tegmina, Rs vein dividing near the apex into three veins. Vein MA differentiating from the main trunk in the first third of the length of the tegmina and bifurcating distally near the apex. Subsequently, the MP vein branches about half the length of the wing, followed by the branch of the CuA1 and CuA2 veins. CuP and anal veins originating independently and without branches ( Fig. 2F ). Abdomen. Tenth tergite with rounded posterior border, distal processes as long as half the length of the epiproctus, triangular, curving moderately inward, and with a pointed apex ( Fig. 2I ). Epiproctus being kept under the tenth tergite in the same way as the triangular processes, being necessary for its observation to push them out, the epiproctus is prominent, triangular as wide as long ( Figs. 2I, J ). Paraprocts membranous, without modification. Cerci thin and as long as the subgenital plate, without modifications or ramifications ( Fig. 2J ). Subgenital plate rectangular, distal edge with articulated, cylindrical and thin stylli on each side, in the middle of these, arises a prolongation as a tubular fold of medium length, ventrally the prolongation curves ( Fig. 2G ), folds and forms a channel-like groove, the posterior edge has three small lobes, one on each side and the middle one, more conspicuous than the other two ( Fig. 2H ). Phallic complex. Dorsal lobe (dl) quadrangular, with small and sclerosed marks on its surface, connecting with the titillaitors (ti) that are located on the dorsal face of the phallus as two parallel and yellowish moderately sclerosed furrows ( Fig. 3B ); ldl located sideways and surrounding ( Figs. 3A, B ). TS similar in shape to the same structure for Diaphanogryllacris species, arising from the ventral and inner border of the dl, the base has two lateral projections, and in the center a long flagellum-like prolongation that arises ventrally ( Fig. 3A ), curves upward and backward, progressively tapering from the base towards the apex, elongating markedly and exceeding the length of the phallus ( Fig. 3C ). Ejd tubular and broad, ejv conspicuous and ovoid ( Figs. 3A, B ); up.vl and lw.vln moderately thickened, covering the base of TS ( Fig. 3A ). AP in the form of arched rods, located on each side of the ventral face of the phallus ( Figs. 3B, C ).

Female. Not seen.

Measurements (mm) males: LB: 14–16. Pr: 4–4.5. Teg: 14–15.5. HF: 9–10. HT: 9.5–10. SP: 4–4.5.

Variation. The only variation observed in the series of specimens examined is the size of the males studied. The number of spines on the hind femur and tibia, the femur rnge from five to seven in the outer ventral margin and three to five in the inner margin, the most common number is five spines in the outer margin and three on the inner. A specimen studied did not have a prominent ocellus, possibly it was modified when it was preserved for a long time in alcohol, although the terminalia of this male did not have variation in contrast to the other specimens studied.

Specimen examined. Museum specimens: Colombia, 2 males. ANTIOQUIA, Caldas , 2100 m. 6°4’46.00”N, 75°36’52.29”W. 15 may 1996. R. Miranda . 1 male. Peñol, 1900 m. 6°13’4.47”N, 75°14’8.86”W. 29 october 1995 L. Dary C. ( CAUD). INaturalist records: ANTIOQUIA , Santa Elena, 1 female (https://www.inaturalist. org/observations/96288013) ( Fig 4A ). La Ceja , 1 female (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/73615039). El Carmen de Viboral, 2 males (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/70702660, https://www.inaturalist.org/ observations/56279864) and 1 female (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/85852888). El Santuario, 1 female (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/71357943).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Caudafistulus rubrinervosus n. comb. Habitus A. Lateral and B. Dorsal view.

FIGURE 2. Caudafistulus rubrinervosus n. comb. Male. A. Frons. B–C. Head and pronotum in dorsal and lateral view respectively. D. Fore leg. E. Hind leg. F. Tegmina venation. G. Terminalia in ventral view. H. Apex of subgenital plate in axial view. I–J. Terminalia in axial and lateral view respectively.

FIGURE 3. Caudafistulus rubrinervosus n. comb. Male genitalia. A. ventral. B. dorsal. C. lateral views.

FIGURE 4. Caudafistulus rubrinervosus n. comb. Living specimens from Santa Elena, Antioquia. A. Female and B. Immature male. (Photos: J. D. Henao)