Caridina hepingensis Hou, Zhang & Guo, 2025
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.101.172207 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:55065651-D7CD-46B2-AB9E-B53611DD38A5 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17651079 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/25171598-E269-5308-9CE5-0498C6720EC9 |
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scientific name |
Caridina hepingensis Hou, Zhang & Guo |
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sp. nov. |
Caridina hepingensis Hou, Zhang & Guo sp. nov.
Figs 2 F View Figure 2 , 13 View Figure 13 , 14 View Figure 14
Materials examined.
China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 4.6 mm, ( FU 5727008 ), Qiongzhong County, 18°52'58"N, 110°0'55"E, al. 147 m, stn. 9, coll. WANG A. and HOU J. J., 15 Aug. 2023 GoogleMaps .
Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 3.9 mm, ( FU 5727009 ); 1 ♂, cl 3.9 mm, ( FU 5727010 ); 1 ♂, cl 3.2 mm, ( FU 5727011 ); 1 ♂, cl 3.4 mm, ( FU 5727012 ); 2 ♂♂, cl 3.5–4.6 mm, ( FU 5727014 ); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 5.0 mm, ( FU 5727013 ), same collection data as holotype GoogleMaps .
Comparative material.
Caridina baoting Cai, 2014 . China – Hainan Island • 1 ♂, cl 4.9 mm, ( FU 5723001 ); 1 ♂, cl 5.3 mm, ( FU 5723002 ); 1 ♂, cl 4.3 mm, ( FU 5723003 ); 1 ♀, cl 4.8 mm, ( FU 5723004 ); 1 ♀, cl 5.1 mm, ( FU 5723005 ), stream from Xiangshui Town GoogleMaps , Baoting County, 18°36'20"N, 109°35'19"E, al. 361 m, coll. 2 Jan. 2024.
Description.
Body (Fig. 2 F View Figure 2 ): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.6 mm cl, females up to 5.0 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.46–0.66 times as long as carapace.
Rostrum (Fig. 13 A View Figure 13 ): Short, straight, reaching to the end of the eye to the end of the first segment of antennular peduncle; 0.2–0.3 of cl; usually unarmed, rarely armed dorsally with 1–3 teeth, and 0–1 teeth on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally unarmed; rostral formula 0–1 + 0 – 2 / 0; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.
Eyes (Fig. 13 A View Figure 13 ): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.
Carapace (Fig. 13 A View Figure 13 ): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.
Antennule (Fig. 13 B View Figure 13 ): Peduncle reaching slightly short of scaphocerite; stylocerite reaching 0.84–0.93 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.31–1.42 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.07–1.29 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.
Antenna (Fig. 13 C View Figure 13 ): Scaphocerite 2.9–3.2 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.
First maxilliped (Fig. 13 G View Figure 13 ): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in a bulbous tip.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 14 B View Figure 14 ): Basal segment 1.09–1.49 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment 0.80–0.96 times as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 4–5 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching to the end of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.
First pereiopod (Fig. 14 C View Figure 14 ): Chela 1.70–2.08 times as long as high, 1.27–1.49 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.22–2.99 times as long as wide and 0.72–1.21 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 1.33–1.67 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 1.02–1.17 times as long as carpus.
Second pereiopod (Fig. 14 D View Figure 14 ): Chela 2.25–3.03 times as long as high, 0.67–1.06 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.63–4.45 times as long as wide and 1.11–1.74 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 3.49–5.51 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.87–1.31 times as long as carpus.
Third pereiopod (Fig. 14 E View Figure 14 ): Dactylus 3.04–3.48 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 4–5 spiniform setae; propodus 3.28–3.91 times as long as dactylus, 7.98–9.62 times as long as wide; carpus 0.65–0.77 times as long as propodus; merus 1.71–1.99 times as long as carpus, with 3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.
Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.
Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 14 F View Figure 14 ): Dactylus 3.27–4.00 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 36–57 spiniform setae; propodus 3.35–4.35 times as long as dactylus, 9.24–12.23 times as long as wide; carpus 0.55–0.66 times as long as propodus; merus 1.34–1.51 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 strong spines on the posterior margin.
First four pereiopods with epipod.
First pleopod (Fig. 14 G View Figure 14 ): Endopod in male 0.46–0.56 times as long as exopod, oblong-reniform, 2.53–3.25 times as long as distally wide, tip rounded, inner margin slightly straight, outer margin slightly convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well-developed, arising from distal 0.33 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.
Second pleopod (Fig. 14 H View Figure 14 ): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, slightly thicker centrally, narrower distally, reaching 0.64–0.73 length of exopod, some short spiniform setae on basal part, and inner margin and tip bearing two rows of long spiniform setae; appendix interna well-developed, reaching 0.48–0.51 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.
Telson (Fig. 14 I View Figure 14 ): Tapering posterior, with a projection, with 4 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae, two outer pairs subequal in length and slightly shorter than two middle pairs. Exopodite of uropod (Fig. 14 J View Figure 14 ) bears a series of 19–23 movable spinules along diaresis.
Eggs: 0.67–0.80 mm × 1.10–1.20 mm in diameter.
Remarks.
Caridina hepingensis sp. nov., indeed resembles C. haivanensis Do & Dang, 2010 by the form and armature of the rostrum, the shape of sexual appendages, and the proportions between the joints of the second, third, and fifth pereiopods. However, it can be separated from C. haivanensis by the stouter carpus of the first pereiopod (1.33–1.67 times as long as wide vs. 2.19 times in C. haivanensis ); the palp of first maxilliped with a bulbous tip (vs. absent a bulbous tip in C. haivanensis ); and among the four pairs of spiniform setae on the posterior margin of the telson, the two outer pairs are of subequal length and slightly shorter than the two middle pairs (vs. the three medial pairs being subequal in length and distinctly shorter than the outermost pair in C. haivanensis ).
Caridina hepingensis sp. nov. superficially resembles C. baoting Cai, 2014 (also occurs on Hainan, the distance approximately 60 km) in the short rostrum and the proportions between the joints of pereiopods. However, it differs from the latter species by the rostrum ventrally unarmed (vs. with 1–2 teeth in C. baoting ); the slightly broader scaphocerite (2.9–3.2 times as long as wide vs. 3.4 times in C. baoting ); and the slightly small eggs (0.67–0.80 × 1.10–1.20 mm vs. 0.80 × 1.40 mm in C. baoting ).
Although Caridina hepingensis sp. nov. and C. huangi sp. nov. are distributed in the same town, they inhabit two unconnected streams approximately 10 km apart. Caridina hepingensis sp. nov. is easily separated from C. huangi by the shorter stylocerite (not beyond to the end of first segment vs. reaching to the second segment in C. huangi sp. nov.), the fewer teeth on rostrum (dorsally with 0–2 teeth and ventrally with 0 tooth vs. dorsally with 9–11 teeth and ventrally with 1 tooth in C. huangi sp. nov.);
Molecular results.
The intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. huangi sp. nov. (6.6 %) and C. brevilineata sp. nov. (6.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 12.5 % – 13.0 %, the distance between the new species and C. haivanensis is 12.2 %. The intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrRNA of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. huangi sp. nov. (1.6 %) and C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. (1.6 % – 1.8 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 3.9 % – 5.3 %, the distance between the new species and C. haivanensis is 4.3 % (Fig. 21 View Figure 21 , Suppl. materials 1, 2).
Coloration.
Body is translucent reddish-brown. The surface of the cephalothorax is covered with fine spots. The middle part of the abdominal carapace has a row of spots, and the abdominal margin has 3–4 fine vertical stripes. The dorsal side of the third segment has a vertical stripe extending to the 1 / 2 of the segment. (Fig. 2 F View Figure 2 ).
Etymology.
The new species is named after its type locality name: Heping Town.
Ecological notes.
C. hepingensis sp. nov. was collected from site 9. At site 9, the stream measured 0.3–0.4 m in width and 0.2–0.3 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock and sand. The shrimps lived among rocks, exhibiting high population density. The stream water was slow-flowing (Fig. 2 F View Figure 2 , Table 1 View Table 1 ).
Distribution.
Only occurring in Heping Town, Qiongzhong County, Hainan Island.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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