Caridina brevilineata Hou, Zhang & Guo, 2025
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.101.172207 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:55065651-D7CD-46B2-AB9E-B53611DD38A5 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17651086 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D3AC134-CDA0-52A4-B049-AD1273541281 |
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scientific name |
Caridina brevilineata Hou, Zhang & Guo |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Caridina brevilineata Hou, Zhang & Guo sp. nov.
Figs 2 I View Figure 2 , 19 View Figure 19 , 20 View Figure 20
Materials examined.
China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 4.6 mm, ( FU 5714025 ), a stream from Huishan Town , Qionghai City, 19°6'42"N, 110°11'49"E, al. 61 m, stn. 12, coll. HUANG and HOU J. J., 1 May. 2025 GoogleMaps .
Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 4.2 mm, ( FU 5714026 ); 1 ♂, cl 3.2 mm, ( FU 5714027 ); 1 ♀, cl 4.6 mm, ( FU 5714028 ), same collection data as holotype GoogleMaps .
Description.
Body (Fig. 2 I View Figure 2 ): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.6 mm cl, females up to 4.6 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.46–0.50 times as long as carapace.
Rostrum (Fig. 19 A View Figure 19 ): Straight, reaching to not beyond eye to end of second segment of antennular peduncle; 0.2–0.5 of cl; armed dorsally with 3–11 teeth, including 2–3 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 0–2 teeth; rostral formula 2–3 + 1 – 8 / 0 – 2; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.
Eyes (Fig. 19 A View Figure 19 ): Well developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.
Carapace (Fig. 19 A View Figure 19 ): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.
Antennule (Fig. 19 B View Figure 19 ): Stylocerite reaching 1.00–1.19 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.30–1.84 times as long as second segment, second segment 1.23–1.34 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.
Antenna (Fig. 19 C View Figure 19 ): Scaphocerite 2.5–3.0 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.
First maxilliped (Fig. 19 G View Figure 19 ): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending with no finger-like projection.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 20 B View Figure 20 ): Basal segment 1.25 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 6 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond the beginning of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.
First pereiopod (Fig. 20 C View Figure 20 ): Chela 1.84–2.50 times as long as high, 1.23–1.41 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.70–3.45 times as long as wide and 0.85–1.01 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 1.60–2.02 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 1.00–1.33 times as long as carpus.
Second pereiopod (Fig. 20 D View Figure 20 ): Chela 2.61–3.27 times as long as high, 0.70–0.86 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.82–4.08 times as long as wide and 1.31–1.76 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 4.97–6.15 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.81–1.01 times as long as carpus.
Third pereiopod (Fig. 20 E View Figure 20 ): Dactylus 3.58–3.93 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 4–6 spiniform setae; propodus 3.43–4.04 times as long as dactylus, 10.48–11.67 times as long as wide; carpus 0.68–0.96 times as long as propodus; merus 1.73–1.88 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.
Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.
Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 20 F View Figure 20 ): Dactylus 3.44–4.01 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 29–52 spiniform setae; propodus 3.32–4.42 times as long as dactylus, 10.75–13.13 times as long as wide; carpus 0.33–0.61 times as long as propodus; merus 1.44–1.61 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 spiniform setae on posterior margin.
First pleopod (Fig. 20 G View Figure 20 ): Endopod reaching 0.44–0.57 times as long as exopod, reniform leaf-shaped, terminal width subequal to basal width, 2.70 times as long as distally wide, inner margin relatively straight, outer margin slightly convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.2 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond the end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.
Second pleopod (Fig. 20 H View Figure 20 ): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, reaching 0.63–0.72 length of exopod; some sparse long spines basal margin with 4 short spiniform setae, and inner margin and tip with robust spiniform setae; appendix interna well-developed, reaching 0.50–0.56 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.
Telson (Fig. 20 I View Figure 20 ): With 6 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin triangular, with 3–4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae, lateral spiniform setae slightly longer, intermediate spiniform setae subequal. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 20 J View Figure 20 ) bears a series of 18–22 movable spinules along diaresis.
Remark.
Caridina brevilineata sp. nov. is similar to C. clinata Cai et al., 1999 , but differs by: the shape of endopod of first pleopod (reniform leaf-shaped vs. oblong-reniform in C. clinata ); fewer rostral teeth (3–11 dorsal, 0–2 ventral vs. 12–21 dorsal, 1–5 ventral in C. clinata ); palp of first maxilliped (ending with no finger-like projection vs. ending with a finger-like projection in C. clinata ).
Caridina brevilineata sp. nov. is similar to C. tunchengensis sp. nov., but differs by: slender endopod of first pleopod (2.70 times as long as wide vs. 2.46–2.58 times as long as wide in C. tunchengensis sp. nov.); the longer appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod (appendix masculina reaching 0.63–0.72 length of endopod, appendix interna reaching 0.50–0.56 length of appendix masculina vs. appendix masculina reaching 0.63–0.64 length of endopod, appendix interna reaching 0.50–0.56 length of appendix masculina in C. tunchengensis sp. nov.).
Caridina brevilineata sp. nov. is similar to C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov., but differs by: the spines on the appendix masculina of male second pleopod (sparser, thicker, and longer vs. shorter, denser, thinner in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.) the slender carpus of first pereiopod (1.60–2.02 times as long as wide vs. 1.18–1.66 times as long as wide in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.); the slender carpus of second pereiopod (4.97–6.15 times as long as wide vs. 4.13–4.90 times as long as wide in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.); the slender propodus of fifth pereiopod (10.75–13.13 times as long as of wide vs. 9.38–12.47 times as long as wide in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.).
Molecular results.
According to the COI sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. huangi sp. nov. (6.0 %) and C. hepingensis sp. nov. (6.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 12.0 % – 12.8 %, the distance between the new species and C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. is 7.3 % – 7.5 %. According to the 16 SrDNA sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrDNA of the new species were 0 % – 0.2 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. (2.5 % – 2.9 %) and C. hepingensis sp. nov. (2.7 % – 2.9 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 5.0 % – 5.8 %, the distance between the new species and C. huangi sp. nov. is 3.2 % – 3.4 % (Fig. 21 View Figure 21 , Suppl. materials 1, 2).
Coloration.
Eyes reddish-brown; body translucent; the body surface is densely covered with small, fine spots. The plastron near the ventral margin has 5 distinct short stripes; the middle part of the plastron has a row of round spots; near the dorsal margin of the plastron, there is 1 thick, long vertical stripe at the end of the third segment, extending to 2 / 3 of the plastron (Fig. 2 I View Figure 2 ).
Etymology.
The name is derived from its pattern, and brevilineata means having short stripes.
Ecological notes.
C. brevilineata sp. nov. was collected from site 12. At site 12, the stream measured 2.0–3.0 m in width and 0.5–1.0 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of big rocks, gravel, leaf litter, and aquatic plants. The shrimps lived among leaf litter and marginal vegetation, exhibiting low population density. The stream water was intermediately flowing (Fig. 2 I View Figure 2 , Table 1 View Table 1 ).
Distribution.
Only occurring in the type locality, Qionghai City, Hainan Island.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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