Carex rhynchophora Franchet (1895: 51)

Jin, Shui-Hu, Lu, Yi-Fei, Chen, Wei-Jie & Jin, Xiao-Feng, 2022, Notes on Carex (Cyperaceae) from China (VII): new synonyms and imperfectly known species, Phytotaxa 531 (1), pp. 54-62 : 58

Carex rhynchophora Franchet (1895: 51) . Type:— CHINA. Sutchuen [Sichuan], Tchen-kéou-tin [Chengkou], R.P. Farges s.n. (holotype: P-00294737!; isotype: P-00294738!).

= Carex martini H. Lév. & Vaniot, Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. sér. 3, 11(148): 57. 1902. syn. nov. Type:— CHINA. Kouy-Tchéou [Guizhou], Kouy-yang [Guiyang], 15 May 1898, C. Martin 2106 (holotype: P-00285374!, photo in K!].

In our revision of sect. Rhomboidales Kükenthal (1909: 622) ( Jin & Zheng 2013), the name Carex martini H. Léveillé & Vaniot (1902: 57 , not treated by Roalson et al. 2021) was treated as a synonym of C. simulans C.B. Clarke (1904: 310 , placed in sect. Rhomboidales in Roalson et al. 2021), mainly based on a photo of holotype in K ( Jin & Zheng 2013). Based on the general morphology, Carex martini , C. simulans and C. rhynchophora Franchet (1895: 51 , placed in sect. Rhomboidales in Roalson et al. 2021) are indeed similar to each another ( Figure 5 ).

In August 2016, the senior author (XF Jin) carried out a second visit to the Paris Natural History Museum, and found the holotype of Carex martini . The utricles of this specimen are glabrous, with the beak margin scabrous, and the nutlets are rhombic-ovoid, with 3 angles constricted at middle, and sides concave above and below ( Figure 5 : D–F). Carex rhynchophora , displays utricles ranging from glabrous to rarely sparsely pubescent (e.g. Y.J. Li 791 in CDBI!, anonymous 392 in CDBI!), with the beak margin scabrous, and the nutlets are rhombic-ovoid, with 3 angles shallowly constricted at middle, rarely markedly constricted (e.g. S.Y. Chang 130 in HHBG! & PE!, L. Hong 470 in HHBG!, S Guizhou Exped. 429 in PE!), and sides concave above and below. On the contrary, in C. simulans , the utricles are glabrous, and the nutlets are obovoid, with 3 angles not constricted at middle, and sides concave below. Consequently, Carex martini is correctly placed as a synonym of C. rhynchophora .

Figures

FIGURE 5. Types of Carex rhynchophora, C. martini and C. simulans. (A): holotype of C. rhynchophora in P, (B) utricle of C. rhynchophora, (C) nutlet of C. rhynchophora, (D): holotype of C. martini in P, (E) utricle of C. martini, (F) nutlet of C. martini, (G): lectotype of C. simulans in K, (H) utricle of C. simulans, (I) nutlet of C. simulans.