Capsalinae

Chisholm, Leslie A. & Whittington, Ian D., 2007, Review of the Capsalinae (Monogenea: Capsalidae), Zootaxa 1559 (1), pp. 1-30 : 19-21

Key to species of Capsalinae

1 Papillae present on ventral surface of haptor (e.g. Figs 1A, 1C ) .............................................................. 27

- Papillae absent on ventral surface of haptor .............................................................................................. 2

2 Dorsomarginal body sclerites present (e.g. Fig. 2 ) ..................................................................................... 8

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites absent ......................................................................................................... 3

3 Haptoral accessory sclerites present (e.g. Figs 1A, 1D ) ............................................................................ 4

- Haptoral accessory sclerites absent ................................................................................ Capsala caballeroi

4 Numerous papillae present on ventral surface of anterior attachment organs...................... Capsala ovalis

- No papillae on ventral surface of anterior attachment organs ................................................................... 5

5 Male copulatory organ canal and uterus open through separate pores on ventral margin of body; small papillae present on lateral body margins ......................................................................... Capsala pelamydis

- Uterus joins male copulatory organ canal with single pore on body margin.............................................. 6

6 Common genital pore opens approximately in line with left margin of pharynx....................................... 7

- Common genital pore opens midway between midline and margin of body just posterior to left anterior attachment organ; uterus joins male copulatory organ canal just prior to common genial pore ................... ........................................................................................................................................... Capsala nozawae

7 Haptoral accessory sclerites bifid at one end and approximately 175µm long ................. Capsala foliacea

- Haptoral accessory sclerites not bifid and approximately 85µm long............................ Capsala interrupta

8 Dorsomarginal body sclerites unicuspid..................................................................................................... 9

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites all multicuspid or outer row multicupid and inner row uni- or bicuspid. 12

9 Unicuspid body sclerites distributed in single row (e.g. Fig. 2C ) ............................................................. 10

- Unicsupid body sclerites distributed in multiple uneven rows ( Fig. 2A ) ..................... Capsala notosinense

10 Common genital pore opens on body margin ............................................................................................ 11

- Common genital pore opens midway between midline and body margin ................. Capsala manteriaffinis

11 Common genital pore opens directly behind posterior margin of left anterior attachment organ ( Fig. 3B ) ............................................................................................................................................. Capsala manteri

- Common genital pore opens short distance from posterior margin of left anterior attachment organ ( Fig. 3A ) .................................................................................................................................... Capsala gregalis

12 Posterior pair of septa not bifid ................................................................................................................. 19

- Posterior pair of septa bifid (e.g. Fig. 1D ) ............................................................................................... 13

13 Dorsal surface of body covered with large conspicuous papillae; haptor surrounded by muscular scalloped marginal valve; dorsal surface of each scallop with distinct papilla .............. Capsaloides magnaspinosus

- Dorsal surface of body without papillae .................................................................................................. 14

14 Dorsomarginal body sclerites closely spaced slightly zig-zagged row ....................... Capsaloides nairagi

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites not closely spaced zig-zagged row .......................................................... 15

15 Single row of dorsomarginal body sclerites; number of cusps associated with each sclerite decreases from anterior to posterior; sclerites end in posterior third of body .................................... Capsaloides perugiai

- Number of cusps associated with each dorsomarginal body sclerite relatively constant .......................... 16

16 Haptoral accessory sclerites approximately 100µm long ..................................... Capsaloides hoffmannae

- Haptoral accessory sclerites significantly longer than 100µm ................................................................ 17

17 Dorsomarginal body sclerites with 20–30 cusps ( Fig. 2J ); left anterior isolated group of 10 sclerites with 12–15 cusps and right anterior isolated group of 7 sclerites with 5–7 cusps; haptoral accessory sclerites with broad shaft and distinct angular point ................................................................ Capsaloides cristatus

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites with 12–20 cusps ..................................................................................... 18

18 Dorsomarginal body sclerites with approximately 20 cusps; left anterior isolated group of 4–6 sclerites with 10 cusps and right anterior isolated group of 3 sclerites with 7–10 cusps ......... Capsaloides cornutus

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites with 12–15 cusps; isolated groups of anterior sclerites apparently absent.... .................................................................................................................................... Capsaloides sinuatus

19 Dorsomarginal body sclerites in distinct transverse rows ( Figs 2H, 2I ) .................................................. 20

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites not distributed in distinct transverse rows ............................................... 23

20 Dorsomarginal body sclerites distributed along margin of body in <100 transverse rows ....................... 21

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites distributed along margin of body in>300 transverse rows ..................... 22

21 Papillae present on posterior and lateral part of dorsal body surface ......................... Tristoma adintegrum

- Papillae absent on dorsal surface of body ..................................................................... Tristroma integrum

22 Dorsomarginal body sclerites distributed down margin of body in 43–54 transverse rows ......................... ...................................................................................................................................... Tristoma coccineum

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites distributed down margin of body in 67–99 transverse rows.......................... .................................................................................................................................. Tristoma adcoccineum

23 Dorsomarginal body sclerites distributed in single row (e.g. Fig. 2D ) .................................................... 24

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites in scattered uneven outer rows of multicuspid sclerites and single inner row of unicuspid sclerites; parasites on the nares of Thunnus species ............................................................ 25

24 Testes number between 80 and 110 ............................................................................ Capsala biparasitica

- Testes number between 20 and 30 .................................................................................. Capsala albsmithi

25 Testes number between 24 and 41; outer row of dorsomarginal sclerites range between 130 and 281 in number; inner row of large unicuspid comprises 16–32 sclerites ....................................... Nasicola klawei

- Testes number between 60 and 123 ......................................................................................................... 26

26 Outer row of dorsomarginal sclerites range between 135 and 263 in number; inner row of large unicuspid comprises 16 to 32 sclerites; haptor diameter between 19 to 26% of total body length ............................... ..................................................................................................................................... Nasicola brasiliensis

- Outer row of dorsomarginal sclerites range between 222 and 356 in number; inner row of large unicuspid comprises 10 to 16 sclerites; haptor diameter approximately 40% of total body length .. Nasicola hogansi

27 Dorsomarginal body sclerites present ....................................................................................................... 29

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites absent ....................................................................................................... 28

28 Haptor diameter approximately 20% of body length; haptoral accessory sclerites bifid at one end; small finger-like fringe present on edge of haptoral marginal valve ......................................... Capsala katsuwoni

- Haptor diameter>40% of body length; finger-like fringe absent on edge of haptoral marginal valve ........ ................................................................................................................................ Capsala onchidiocotyle

29 Dorsomarginal body sclerites extend down entire margin of body or end in final 1/5 of body ............... 31

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites consist of small patch of minute unicuspid sclerites directly posterior to anterior attachment organs; small papillae distributed over entire ventral haptor surface including septa .. .................................................................................................................................................................. 30

30 Haptoral accessory sclerites 120–200µm long, bifid at one end .............................. Capsala paucispinosa

- Haptoral accessory sclerites 95µm long ...................................................................... Capsala maccallumi

31 Dorsomarginal body sclerites consist of multiple slightly scattered rows of unicuspid sclerites ( Fig. 2G ); sclerites terminate before end of body .......................................................................... Capsala magronum

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites consist of 1 or 2 distinct rows of generally mulitcuspid sclerites or multiple scattered rows of bicuspid or mulitcuspid sclerites ................................................................................. 32

32 Haptoral accessory sclerites absent; dorsomarginal body sclerites consist of multiple scattered bicuspid and multicuspid sclerites ( Fig. 2B ) .............................................................................. Capsala martinierei

- Haptoral accessory sclerites present ......................................................................................................... 33

33 Two distinct rows of dorsomarginal body sclerites ( Fig. 2F ); outer row slightly zig-zagged with 63–100 sclerites with 1 (rarely) to 4 cusps; inner row with 14–18 sclerites with 3–4 cusps ............ Capsala pricei

- Single distinct row or slightly scattered row of dorsomarginal body sclerites ........................................ 34

34 Distinct conical papillae distributed over ventral body surface of worm; posterior margin of anterior attachment organs with finger-like projections ( Fig. 4 ) ....................................................... Capsala laevis

- Papillae on ventral body surface and finger-like projections on anterior attachment organs absent ....... 35

35 Dorsomarginal body sclerites closely spaced, each with 5–6 cusps ..................................... Capsala gouri

- Dorsomarginal body sclerites in slightly scattered row; sclerites with 1–3 cusps; papillae on haptor distributed in radiating rows ( Fig. 2E ) ............................................................................................ Capsala poeyi

Figures

FIGURE 1. Light photomicrographs of capsaline haptors. A. Capsala magronum (USNPC 63595) showing large accessory sclerites and large papillae distributed on ventral surface of haptor and septa. Note that papillae are absent on the posterior half of the anterior 4 loculi. B. Finger-like fringe (arrowhead) on haptoral marginal valve of Capsala magronum. C. Capsala onchidiocotyle (USNPC 80214) with small papillae distributed across entire ventral surface of haptor and septa. D. Capsaloides sinuatus (CNHE 2739) showing bifid posterior pair of septa (arrow). Scale bars: A, C, D, = 500µm; B = 100µm.

FIGURE 2. Light photomicrographs of dorsomarginal body sclerites. A. Capsala notosinense (BMNH 1993.5.18.2). B. Capsala martinierei (USNPC 8153). C. Capsala gregalis (USNPC 61642). D. Capsala biparasitica (USNPC 38134). E. Capsala poeyi (USNPC 38131). F. Capsala pricei (USNPC 37709); inner row of larger multicuspid sclerites indicated by arrowheads. G. Capsala magronum (USNPC 63595). H. Tristoma coccineum (USNPC 35645). I. Tristoma integrum (HWML 37935). J. Capsaloides cristatus (USNPC 63597). Scale bars: A, E, G, I, J = 50µm; B, F, H = 100µm; C = 10µm; D = 20µm.

FIGURE 3. Light photomicrograph of position of common genital pore in 2 closely related capsaline species. A. Capsala gregalis (USNPC 61642); common genital pore (arrowhead) opens on body margin a short distance from left anterior attachment organ. B. Capsala manteri (USNPC 37229); common genital pore (arrowhead) opens directly posterior to left anterior attachment organ. Scale bars: 200µm.

FIGURE 4. Light photomicrograph of posterior margin of anterior attachment organ of Capsala laevis (CNHE 2738) showing finger-like projections. Scale bar: 100µm.