Campiglossa sherlyae David & Hancock, 2020

David, Karamankodu Jacob, Hancock, David Lawrence, Salini, Santhamma, Gracy, Ramasamy Gandhi & Sachin, Kandiyil, 2020, Taxonomic notes on the genus Campiglossa Rondani (Diptera, Tephritidae, Tephritinae, Tephritini) in India, with description of three new species, ZooKeys 977, pp. 75-100 : 75

Campiglossa sherlyae David & Hancock sp. nov. Figures 23 , 24-28

Diagnosis.

Small fly (male 2.50-2.90 mm; female 2.80-3.36 mm); body grey pollinose, without prominent stripes; abdomen grey with submedian black markings; wing with reticulate pattern.

Description.

Female (body length 2.80-3.36 mm; wing length 2.50-3.00 mm).

Head: Nearly as long as high (head ratio 0.95-0.96), frons fulvous (frons-head ratio 0.40-0.41), with two frontal setae, two orbital setae (posterior orbital seta white), postocellar and postvertical seta white; lateral vertical seta white; medial vertical seta black; ocellar seta black and longer than frontal and orbital setae; postocular setae intermixed black and white. Scape, pedicel, and flagellomere concolorous with frons; pedicel plus flagellomere shorter than face; arista bare; face concave, with raised epistomal margin; gena and occiput fulvous. Eye ratio 0.70-0.79; gena-eye ratio 0.14-0.15; antenna-head ratio 0.44-0.50; arista-antenna ratio, 1.22-1.38.

Thorax: Scutum grey pollinose, without stripes and chaetotaxy well-developed (all setae black); one postpronotal lobe seta, one presutural supra-alar seta, one anterior notopleural seta, one posterior notopleural seta, one dorsocentral seta near transverse suture, placed anterior of postsutural supra-alar seta and posterior notopleural seta, one presutural supra-alar seta, one postalar seta, one intra-alar seta, one prescutellar acrostichal seta. Anepisterum grey, with single black anepisternal seta in line with posterior notopleural seta; anepisternum covered with white setulae; anepimeron without any black setae; katepisternum with single black seta posterior to phragma, anatergite, and katatergite grey without any setulae; haltere pale yellow. Scutellum flat, grey, with sparse white setulae; two scutellar setae; apical scutellar seta 1/2 length of basal scutellar seta. Mediotergite grey, without setulae.

Legs: All femora with extensive black markings (0.75 of all femora with black markings), all other segments fulvous; fore femur with single row of four or five stout ventral setae, two rows of eight or nine dorsal setae; mid and hind femur covered with tiny black setulae. Tibiae and tarsi with rows of spines; mid tibia with four subequal apical spines.

Wing: Reticulate pattern with hyaline and yellow spots; cell bc hyaline with a brown streak on humeral crossvein; cell c hyaline, with a single brown band medially; pterostigma dark brown, with a single hyaline spot, apex of cell r1 and r2+3 without hyaline spot. Cell r1 with three broad, hyaline patches, cell r2+3 with three broad, hyaline markings. Cell br hyaline basally and with a broad preapical hyaline patch; cell r4+5 with five uneven, hyaline spots (basal and subapical larger than medial and apical spot); apex of cell r4+5 with small hyaline spot. Cells bm and bcu hyaline; cell dm predominantly hyaline with base and apex brown; cell m with a broad, hyaline mark (formed by fusion of three spots) and a preapical spot; cell cu2 predominantly hyaline, with brown streaks and apical hyaline spot; apex of cell bcu with brown patch.

Abdomen: Grey pollinose, with white setulae. Tergite 1 with reduced pruinosity; tergites grey with submedian markings on tergites 3-6; oviscape black and equal in length to tergites 4-6.

Male postabdomen: Epandrium well sclerotised, without clear delineation between epandrium and lateral surstylus; proctiger hyaline, with densely arranged setae anteriorly; surstylar flange prominent, with serrated edge; epandrium and surstyli oval in outline in posterior view; medial surstylus with well-developed apical prensisetae. Phallus, excluding glans, 1.2 mm long; glans of phallus with well-developed tubular acrophallus.

Female postabdomen: Oviscape black (1.02 mm), not longer than the combined length of last three abdominal segments. Eversible membrane (0.85 mm) with well-developed taeniae; spicules on proximal end of eversible membrane elongate and conical; distal end with broad conical spicules. Aculeus (0.89 mm) with tip trilobed. Spermatheca round, brown, granulose.

Type material.

Holotype ♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 23.ix.2013, David, K. J. Paratypes: 3♂♂, 1♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 23.ix.2013, David K.J.; 4♂♂, 4♀♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Tumkur, Kunigal, 04.xii.2013, David K.J.; 1♂, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 09.xii.2013, David K.J.; 1♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Hebbal, 02.i.2014, David K.J.; 1♂, 1♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 08.xii.2014, Prabhu G.; 1♂, 2♀♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 13.x.2016, Prabhu G.; 1♂, 1♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 16.x.2016, Prabhu G.; 1♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Tumkur, Devarayanadurga, 04.iv.2017, Prabhu G.; 1♀, INDIA, Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 12.xii.2017, Prabhu G.; 1 larva in slide (III instar): INDIA: Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 18.xi.2013, Prabhu G. (NBAIR).

DNA barcode.

NCBI GenBank accession number MT019895 (1♂, INDIA: Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 03.ix.2019, Sachin, K.).

Etymology.

The species is named after the late Sherly Joseph, in memory of the first author’s sister.

Third instar larva (Figs 29-31 ).

Larva short (3.88-4.14 mm), fusiform, creamy white. Mouthhook pointed with a well-developed preapical tooth as long as the apical mouthhook; ventral apodeme broader than mouthook; mandibular neck not prominent; dorsal apodeme pointed dorsally, conical; labial sclerite elongate; hypopharyngeal sclerite longer than broad; hypopharyngeal bridge reduced; parastomal bar reaching midway of hypopharyngeal sclerite; ventral bridge of hypopharyngeal sclerite pointed anteriorly; anterior sclerite present; dorsal cornua undivided; ventral cornua with two branches. Anterior spiracle weakly sclerotised with six tubules. Posterior spiracle with spiracular slits oval, slightly longer than wide, devoid of transverse striations; spiracles separated by a distance twice the length of each slit; dorsal and ventral spiracular bundle absent; lateral spiracular bundle with three single hairs.

Host plant.

Flowers of Sonchus sp. ( Asteraceae ).

Remarks.

This species belongs in the producta group and is known only from Karnataka. It was misidentified as C. deserta (Hering, 1939) by Hancock and McGuire (2002) and their Indian record of a female from Mudigere, Karnataka, is C. sherlyae . Other records listed by Hancock and McGuire (2002) from Thailand and Vietnam appear to have been properly identified as C. deserta , which is a species widespread in China (including Guangxi Province), Korea, and Japan. Campiglossa sherlyae is very similar to C. producta and C. deserta , differing from C. producta in possessing predominantly black or brown base of cell r2+3 in wing with a prominent spot near crossvein r-m, and from C. deserta in lacking a hyaline base to cell r2+3 and in having Sonchus rather than Lactuca as its host plant. The phylogenetic tree (Fig. 51 ) shows that this species and Korean samples of C. deserta are closely related but with a 2% divergence based on a NCBI-GenBank sequence similarity search (BLAST), along with differences in morphological characters and host plant, suggest they are distinct.

Figures

Figure 23. Campiglossa sherlyae David & Hancock, sp. nov. 23 a habitus (dorsal) 23 b habitus (lateral) 23 c wing.

Figure 51. Maximum likelihood phylogram of 17 Campiglossa and one Tephritis (outgroup) DNA barcode sequences using General Time Reversible model. The number at each node is the boostsrap value based on ML analysis.

Figures 24 - 28. Campiglossa sherlyae David & Hancock, sp. nov. 24 spermatheca 25 ovipositor 25 a spicules on proximal end of eversible membrane 25 b spicules on distal end of eversible membrane 25 c aculeus tip 26 epandrium and surstyli (lateral view) 27 epandrium and surstyli (posterior view) 28 glans of phallus.

Figures 29 - 31. III instar larva of Campiglossa sherlyae David & Hancock, sp. nov. (Hering) 29 cephalopharyngeal skeleton 30 anterior spiracle 31 posterior spiracles.