Bolbelasmus brancoi Hillert & Král, 2016

Hillert, Oliver, Arnone, Marcello, Král, David & Massa, Bruno, 2016, The genusBolbelasmus in the western and southern regions of the Mediterranean Basin (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 56 (1), pp. 211-254 : 217-223

Bolbelasmus brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov.

( Figs 2 , 9 , 15 , 22 , 28 , 34, 40 , 59, 61)

Bolboceras Bocchus [partim, populations from Spain]: JACQUELIN DU VAL (1863): 131 (catalogue).

Bolboceras Bocchus: FUENTE Y MORALES (1926) : 146 (distribution).

Bolbelasmus bocchus [partim, populations from Spain]: WINKLER (1927): 1035 (catalogue); SEABRA (1943): 50 (catalogue); BARAUD (1977): 159 (monograph); RUANO MARCO et al. (1988): 40, fig. p. 41 (distribution); LÓPEZ- COLÓN et al. (1996): 3, 8, 10 (distribution, key); MARTÍN- PIERA & LÓPEZ- COLÓN (2000): 179, figs 44 A,C, 45 (monograph); MIESSEN & TRICHAS (2011): 182 (remarks).

Bolbelasmus bocchus: BAGUENA CORELLA (1967) : 262 (monograph); GONZÁLEZ PEÑA (1979): 23, figs 4–6, 8 (key, biology); VERDÚ et al. (1998): 245, figs 1–12 (larval description); AGOIS- BUSTAMANTE (1998): 19 (distribution); AGOIS- BUSTAMANTE (2003): 190 (distribution); VERDÚ et al. (2004): 514, fig. 1; 515, fig. 20; 518, fig. 42 (larval illustrations).

Bolbelasmus bocchus bocchus [partim, populations from Spain]: KRIKKEN (1977): 290 (revision); BARAUD (1985): 53 (monograph); BARAUD (1992): 44 (monograph); BRANCO (2005): 54 (taxonomic comments); KRÁL et al. (2006): 82 (catalogue); ARNONE & MASSA (2010): 407 (remarks, distribution).

Type locality. Spain, Andalusia, Los Jesos, N slope of Sierra de Alhamilla, 37°05′N 02°17′W, 500 m a.s.l.

Type material (143 specimens). SPAIN: ANDALUSIA AUTONOM. COMM.: ALMERIA PROV.: HOLOTYPE: ♂ ( DKCP), ‘Spain, (Andalusia), Los Jesos , N slope of Sierra de Alhamilla, 28.ii.2009, O. Hillert lgt.’ ALLOTYPE: ♀ ( DKCP), same data. PARATYPES: ALMERIA PROV.: ‘Espana, U. Almeria, Garrucha , Salzlachenufer , 07.iv.1986 ’, 1 ♀ ( LSCN); ‘ Spain, (Andalusia), Los Jesos, N slope of Sierra de Alhamilla , 13-27.ii.2013, O. Hillert lgt.’, 7 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘ Spain (Andalusia), Los Jesos, N slope of Sierra de Alhamilla , 30 km NE of Almeria, 28.ii.2009, O. Hillert lgt.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( ABCB), 1 ♀ ( AHCL), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( ARCL), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( ERCS), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( GMCL), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( GNCA), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( HHCO), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( HKCS), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( LSCL), 4 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀ ( OHCB); ‘ Spanien – Andalusien, Provinz Almeria, Umgebung Tabernas , a.L. [at light], 21.-28.iv.2004, leg. Steffen Schellhorn’, 1♂ 1♀ ( OHCB) . GRANADA PROV.: ‘ Spain, Granada, Andalucía, Hoya de Baza mts., 850 m asl., Salazar , 37°31.87’N 2°40.94’W, 4.v.2009, lgt. J. Darebník’, 1 ♀ ( JSCP), 1 ♂ ( PKCS) ; ‘ Bco. del Espartal , Baza ( Granada), 30SWG2854, F.S.Piñero leg., 3-iii-[19]90’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( SZCM) ; ‘ ESPAÑA, Granada, Bco. del Espartal , Baza, 3-iii-[19]90, F.S. Piñero’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( SZCM) ; ‘ Bananco del Espartal , BAZA 8.X.[19]89, GRANADA (España)’, F. S. Piñero leg.’, 1 ♂ ( DKCP) ; ‘ Bco. del Espartal , BAZA 8.X.[19]89, GRANADA (España), F. S. Piñero leg.’, 1 ♀ ( DKCP) ; ‘ Espagne (Granada), Lanjaron, 28.iii.[19]67, Baraud lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( MNHN) ; ‘ E, Prov. Granada, Los Olmos , 14.v.2002, H. Rietz lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( ERCS) ; ‘ Spain, Granada, Orgiva 12.iv.1960 ’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( BMCP). ARAGON AUTONOM. COMM.: SARAGOSSA PROV.: ‘ España, La Playa - Sastago - Zaragoza , 1.vi.2013 ’, 2 ♂♂ ( GMCL) ; ‘ SPAIN, Aragon, Zaragoza, Candasnos , 13.vi.2011 ’, 1 ♂ ( IECA) ; ‘ España, Bujaraloz, Zaragoza , 18.v.2013 ’, 2 ♂♂ ( GMCL) ; ‘ España 17.v.2011, Bujaralos, Zaragoza, Leg. Rafael Soler’, 1 ♀ ( DJCP) ; ‘ Spain, Zaragoza, Sastago 12.v.2010 ’, 1 ♂ ( OBCB) ; ‘ España, Bujaraloz, Zaragoza , v.2009 ’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( GMCL) ; ‘ España, Zaragoza, Sastago , 12.v.2007 ’, 1 ♂ ( GMCL) ;‘ ESPAÑA, Zaragoza, Bujaraloz, 11.V.[19]91, M. TOMÁS [legit]’, 4 ♂♂ ( SZCM) ; ‘ Espagne – 30/V/1973, Bujaraloz (Zaragoza), C. Dufay rec.’, 1 ♂ ( MHNL) ; ‘ Espagne, prov. Zaragoza, Bujaralos env., 18.5.2013, 1 ♂ ( IBCF) ; ‘ Ejea de los Caballeros ( Zaragoza ), 7.v.1982, J. I.Lopez-Colon leg.’, 1 ♂ ( JLCM) ; ‘ Spain, La Retuerta, Pina de Ebro, Zaragoza , 375 m, 3-ix-[19]93, Josep Muñoz leg.’, 1♂ ( RCCP) ; ‘ España, Montes de Torrero, Zaragoza , 4.vi.1996 ’, 1♂ ( GMCL). CASTILE- LA MANCHA AUTONOM. COMM.: ALBACETE PROV.: ‘ Molinicos, 10.v.[18]95’, 1 ♂ ( ZFMK) ; ‘ Tobarra, Prov. Albacete, Spain, 25.IV.2012, M. Martínez leg., 1 ♀ ( PKCS). CUENCA PROV.: ‘ Spain, Tarancón ( Cuenca ) 30.v.1982 ’, 3 ♂♂ ( VACP). TOLEDO PROV.: ‘ Sa del Romeral , Villacañas ( Toledo ), 8-v-2010, Juan de la Rosa leg.’, 1 ♂ ( DJCP) ; ‘ Spain, Toledo, Villacanas, Sa del Romeral , 24.iv.2010, JJ de la Rosa lgt.’, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ ( OBCB). MADRID AUTONOM. COMM.: ‘ Spain, Parque de los Cerros , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid, 13-vi-2008, A. Hidalgo leg.’, 1 ♀ ( AHCL) ; ‘ Chinchón (Madrid), 13.iii.2009, Juan de la Rosa leg.’, 1 ♀ ( DJCP) ; ‘ Spain (Madrid), villa CONEJOS, 23.iv.2011 ’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( JSCP) ; ‘ Spain, Madrid, 3.iii.1987, J. Plaza’, 1 ♂ ( MSNG) ; ‘ Madrid, G. Schramm’, 1 ♂ ( MSNG) ; ‘ Morata’, 1 ♀ ( ZFMK) ; ‘ España, „ Montarco “, Madrid, leg. M. Toribio, 27.iii.1987 ’, 1 ♂ ( GMCL) ; ‘ España, El Regajal, Aranjuez , Madrid, leg. Crespo, 11.v.1991 ’, 1 ♂ ( GMCL) ; ‘ E, Comunidad de Madrid, Valdaracete, Fuensáuco , 30TVK8348, 18.4.2013, José Luis Gómez lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( DJCP) ; ‘ España, Fuensauco, Valdaracete, Madrid, J. L. Gomez lgt., 29.iv.2011 ’, 1 ♀ ( GMCL) ; ‘ España – Madrid, Valdaracete env., Fuensauco , 4.v.2010, Cosar Mora lgt., 1♂ ( DJCP) ; ‘ Spain, Madrid, Valdaracete, Fuensauco , 04.v.2010, Jose Luis Gomez lgt.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( OBCB) ; ‘ España, Fuensauco, Valdaracete, Madrid, J. L. Gomez lgt., 4.v.2010 ’, 1♂ ( GMCL) ; ‘ España 12.5.2010, Fuensauco, Valdarecete, Madrid, Leg. Cesar S. Mora’, 2♂♂ ( DKCP), 2 ♂♂ ( PTCL) ; ‘ Fuensauco – 30TVK8348, Valdaracete , 18-4-2013, Madrid - España’, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ ( PTCL) ; ‘ Spain, Madrid, Valdarecete v-[19]93’, 1 ♂ ( JSCP) ; ‘ Hispania centrealis, Villaconecos (Madrid), 23.iv.2011, J. de la Rosa lgt.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( DJCP) ; ‘ E, Villaconejos, ( Com de Madrid), 23.4.2011, J de la Rosa lgt.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( DJCP) ; ‘ E, Villaconejos, ( Com de Madrid), 2.iv.2010, J de la Rosa lgt.’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( DJCP) ; ‘ España, Villaconejos, (Com. de Madrid), M. Alvarez lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( DJCP) ; ‘ Villaconejos , Prov. Madrid, Spain ; 6-IV-2014, J. Corominas leg.’, 1 ♂ ( PKCS) ; ‘ España, 23.4.2008, Villaconejos (Madrid), Leg. Juan de la Rosa’, 2 ♂♂ ( PTCL) ; ‘ Spain, 21.4.2013, Chincón (Madrid), Leg. Juan de la Rosa’, 1 ♂ 1♀ ( PTCL). MURCIA AUTONOM. COMM.: ‘ Algezares, 30.iii.[18]94, Kb [Korb] [lgt.]’, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ ( ZSMC) ; ‘ Murcia, Algezares, 1894, M. Korb [lgt.]’, 1 ♀ ( MNHN) ; ‘ Murcia, Algezares, 1894, M. Korb [lgt.]’, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( HFCB) ; ‘ Spain, Murcia, Caravala , 10.v.1980, R. Mourglia’, 1 ♂ ( MRSNT), 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MSNM) ; ‘ Murcia, 10.v.1980 ’, 1 ♂ ( MSNG) ; ‘ Espagne (Murcia), Alhama de Murcia, Tonana, 23.x.[19]65, de Lajonquiere lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( MNHN). NAVARRE AUTONOM. COMM.: NAVARRE PROV.: ‘ Carcar , Navarra’ , 2 ♀♀ ( MNHB). VALENCIAN AUTONOM. COMM.: ALICANTE PROV.: ‘ Spanien, Alicante , 14.vi.1960, Sattler-Remane lgt.’, 1 ♂ ( ZSMC) ; ‘ Spanien, Calpe, 15.x.[19]76, Klaue lgt.’, 1♀ ( ZFMK) ; ‘ España, Pantano del Amadorio, Villajoyosa, Alicante , leg. J. M. Beltrán, 13.iii.1987 ’, 1♂ ( GMCL) ; ‘ Spain, Villa Joyosa ( Alicante ) 13.iv.1950 ’, 1♂ ( VACP) ; ‘ Elche, 6.vi.[18]94, Kb [Korb] [lgt.]’, 1♀ ( ZSMC). No further locality specified: ‘ Andalusia’ , 1♀ ( NHMB); ‘ Espagne, (Zaragosa), mts. SE of Torres , 10.v.80, C. Gonzalez lgt.’, 2 ♂♂ ( MNHN) ; ‘ Spain’, 1 ♀ ( OHCB) ; ‘ Spanien’, 1 ♀ ( SMTD) ; ‘ Spanien, ex. coll. V. Balthasar, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic’, 1 ♂ ( NMPC) .

Description. Male (holotype). Remarkably convex, surface black, shiny, pronotum covered with double punctation, elytra microsculptured to smooth apically.

Head ( Figs 2 , 15 , 22 , 28 , 34 ). Clypeus broadly rounded, almost semicircular, anterior angles vague, posterior angles elevated. Frontal horn well developed, short, distinctly furcate apically; base weakly keeled on each side of anterior part of eyes. Clypeal disc with simple, coarse punctation. Oblique keels above eyes reaching approximately to eyes. Punctation of frons and vertex approximately same as on clypeus. Fronto-clypeal suture present. Eyes well developed, distinctly elliptic; genae extending eyes, arcuate posteriorly. Pronotum ( Figs 2 , 15 , 22 , 28 ) distinctly transverse; broadest just in basal quarter, entirely bordered; lateral margin evenly rounded, marginal carina not crenate, distinctly widened and elevated; lateral fovea almost missing. Pronotal punctation distinct, double, consisting of well and deeply impressed punctures with exception of basal part; punctures separated approximately by distance equal to their diameter, intermixed with very fine ones. Lateral hornlike apophyses well developed, remarkably cone-shaped, bent up and directed to sides. Apical hornlike apophysis distinct, but only weakly elevated, obtuse-angled, directed 30° frontoapically.

Scutellar shield triangular, weakly longer than wide, microsculptured, alutaceous.

Elytra approximately as long as wide, surface shiny, microsculptured, microsculpture vanishing apically; humeral umbone weak, between suture and humerus seven distinct striae along entire elytral length, all striae with distinctly confluent punctures; intervals convex.

Parameres as in Fig. 61 .

Variability in males. Surface black to brownish; pronotal hornlike apophyses in medium developed and underdeveloped (hypothelic) specimens short, more or less straight, only simply rounded to almost acute apically.

Female (allotype). Head ( Figs 9 , 40 ). Clypeus broadly rounded, nearly semicircular, anterior angles vague. Posterior angles of clypeal margin very weakly elevated. Frontal carina well developed, distinctly interrupted in middle, bituberculate on internal interruption. Punctation of clypeus, frons, vertex and occiput simple, distinct; oblique keels above eyes distinct, extended to half of eyes; eye well developed, distinctly elliptic, genae well developed, arcuate anteriorly and posteriorly.

Pronotum ( Fig. 9 ) distinctly transverse, lateral margin weakly widened, broadest just basally, surface distinctly deeply punctate, doubly except basally, punctures consisting of well and deeply impressed punctures, separated approximately by distance equal to their diameter, intermixed with very fine, pinned punctures. Anterior transverse protrusion distinct, sharply semicircular, lateral apophyses present.

Elytron surface shiny, microsculptured, microsculpture vanishing to apex; humeral umbone weak.

Measurements. Total body length 11.2–15.1 mm (holotype, ♂: 14.8 mm; allotype, ♀: 14.9 mm).

Differential diagnosis. Refer to species key.

Etymology. Patronymic; named in honour of our colleague Tristão Branco (Porto, Portugal), an excellent specialist in Scarabaeoidea.

Collecting circumstances. Prefers calcareous soils.

Distribution. North-eastern, Central and South-eastern parts of Spain (Fig. 59).

Remarks. The historical faunal conception of B. bocchus based on MARSEUL (1857) and JACQUELIN DU VAL (1863) was inaccurate, and for 150 years, the distribution area of this species was reported incorrectly. The first theoretical analysis of this situation was published by BRANCO (2005). In the present study, we confirm, in all details, and follow Branco’s analysis. The Spanish specimens show distinct differences in morphological characters, as described in the identification key.

Figures

Figs 1–4. Male habitus in dorsal aspect. 1 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Azrou, Foret de Cedres, body length: 14.0 mm, NMPC); 2 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 3 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, body length 13.7 mm, DJCP); 4 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype).

Figs 8–11. Female habitus in dorsal aspect. 8 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Gaada de Debdou plateau., E of Rchida, 13.5 mm, DKCP); 9 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (allotype); 10 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (Spain: Andalusia, Aljaraque vill. env., 13.6 mm, JSCP); 11 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (allotype).

Figs 14–20. Male habitus in lateral aspect. 14 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Azrou, Foret de Cedres, body length:14.0 mm, NMPC); 15 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp.nov.(holotype); 16 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône,Barbentane, 13.8 mm, DJCP); 17 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov.(holotype); 18 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 19 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, body length: 11.8 mm, DKCP); 20 – B. vaulogeri (Italy: Sicily, Menfi (Agrigento), Cinquanta, body length: 11.6 mm, MAPC).

Figs 21–26. Pronotum of male in dorsal aspect.21 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco:Azrou, Foret de Cedres, NMPC); 22 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 23 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, DJCP); 24 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 25 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 26 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP).

Figs 27–32.Pronotum of male in frontal aspect. 27 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco:Azrou, Foret de Cedres, NMPC); 28 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 29 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, DJCP); 30 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 31 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 32 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP).

Figs 33–44. Head in dorsal aspect, 33–38 –♂♂; 39–44 – ♀♀. 33 – Bolbelasmus bocchus (Erichson, 1841) (Morocco: Azrou, Foret de Cedres, NMPC); 34 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 35 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842) (France: Bouches-du-Rhône, Barbentane, DJCP); 36 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov. (holotype); 37 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov. (holotype); 38 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP); 39 – B. bocchus (Morocco: Gaada de Debdou plateau., E of Rchida, DKCP); 40 – B. brancoi (allotype); 41 – B. gallicus (Spain: Andalusia, Aljaraque vill. env., JSCP); 42 – B. howdeni (allotype); 43 – B. nikolajevi (allotype); 44 – B. vaulogeri (Tunisia: Cap Bon peninsula, 6 km W of El Hawariah, DKCP).

Figs 60–65. Aedeagus of Bolbelasmus species, ventral aspect, schematically. 60 – B. bocchus (Erichson, 1841), 61 – B. brancoi Hillert & Král sp. nov., 62 – B. gallicus (Mulsant, 1842), 63 – B. howdeni Hillert & Král sp. nov., 64 – B. nikolajevi Hillert, Arnone, Král & Massa sp. nov., 65 – B. vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898).