Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892)

Chan, Benny K. K., Cheang, Chi Chiu, Chen, I-Han & Kolbasov, Gregory A., 2013, Acrothoracican barnacles (Lithoglyptida) in Taiwan, including the taxonomic status of Balanodytes taiwanus Utinomi, 1950 and cryptic diversity of Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892), Zootaxa 3694 (3), pp. 221-239 : 232

Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892)

Figure 6 A.

Lithoglyptes bicornis Aurivillius, 1892: 134 . — Aurivillius 1894: 70. — Tomlinson 1969: 48. — Tomlinson 1973: 264. — Newman & Tomlinson 1974: 205–208. — Kolbasov 2000b: 193–204.

Lithoglyptes ampula Aurivillius, 1892: 134 . — Aurivillius 1894: 71. — Tomlinson 1969: 50.

Lithoglyptes spinatus Tomlinson & Newman, 1960: 519 . — Tomlinson 1969:49. — Tomlinson 1973: 264.

Auritoglyptes bicornis . — Kolbasov & Newman 2005: 44, fig. 3. — Kolbasov 2009: 316, fig. 107.

Material examined. CEL-Acro-sp-2, 1 specimen, from dead coral skeleton, He-Ping-Dao, Keelung, Taiwan, date unknown. CEL-Acro-sp-39, 1 specimen, from dead coral skeleton, He-Ping-Dao, Keelung, Taiwan, date unknown. CEL-Acro-sp-58, 1 specimen, from Xiao-Gang, Taitung, Taiwan, 31 March 2010. CEL-Acro-sp-19, 1 specimen, from dead coral skeleton, He-Ping-Dao, Keelung, Taiwan, 26 January 2010. CEL-Acro-sp-56, 1 specimen, from coral Cyphastrea sp., He-Ping-Dao, Keelung, Taiwan, 11 March 2010. CEL-Acro-sp-17, 1 specimen, from dead coral skeleton, He-Ping-Dao, Keelung, Taiwan, 26 January 2010. CEL-Acro-sp-18, 1 specimen, from dead coral skeleton, He-Ping-Dao, Keelung, Taiwan, 26 January 2010.

Diagnosis. Lithoglyptinae (female) with 4 pairs of terminal cirri, caudal appendages with 2 distal segments plus basal pedestals., opercular bars with hooked posterior projections and pair of long posterior setose processes or auricles ( Fig 6 A).

Distribution. World’s tropical and subtropical oceans.

Remarks. This is a new record for Taiwan. From molecular analysis (see molecular analysis section and discussion below), A. bicornis in Taiwan consists of three distinct genetic clades. However, we could not find obvious consistent differences in the opercular bars ( Fig. 6 A) and mouth parts among these three clades. To further confirm the specific status of the cryptic species, further studies should focus on the DNA divergence in nuclear markers among the three clades.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Auritoglyptes and Trypetesa from Taiwan. (A) Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892). Opercular bars of females from three genetic clades revealed from molecular analysis. (B) Trypetesa habei Utinomi, 1962 showing burrow opening and external view of female. Abbreviations: ob — opercular bar, obp — posterior process of opercular bar, ok — orificial knob, p — palps of mantle sac, sp — setose process of operculum (auricle). Scale bars in Μm.