Atrobucca nibe (Jordan & Thompson, 1911)

Lin, Chien-Hsiang, Wu, Siao-Man, Lin, Chia-Yen & Chien, Chi-Wei, 2023, Early Pliocene otolith assemblages from the outer-shelf environment reveal the establishment of mesopelagic fish fauna over 3 million years ago in southwestern Taiwan, Swiss Journal of Palaeontology (23) 142 (1), pp. 1-40 : 34

Atrobucca nibe ( Jordan & Tompson, 1911)

Figure 18d–e 1983 Atrobucca cf. A. nibe —Ohe: pl. 8, Fig. 7 [ Japan].

2018 Atrobucca sp. —Lin et al.: pl. 2, Fig. 9 [ Taiwan].

2021 Atrobucca sp. —Lin et al.: Fig. 5h–j [ Taiwan].

Remarks Atrobucca nibe ( Jordan & Tompson, 1911), the only species of the genus Atrobucca known in Taiwan (Shao, 2023), is known to have very thick and distinct triangular otoliths with a nearly flat dorsal rim and an angled ventral rim that creates a large ventral area. Te sulcus is characterized by a triangular ostium, which is further distinguished by a large postero-ventral lobe that extends backward. Te cauda of the sulcus is strongly flexed postero-ventrally and widened at the tip. Tese features align with the known otolith morphology of A. nibe ( Schwarzhans, 1993: figs. 356–357; C.-H. Lin et al., 2022b: Fig. 6g ).

Figures

Fig. 18 Fish otoliths from the Lower Pliocene Gutingkeng Formation,southern Taiwan. Scale bars =1 mm. Images are inner views unless otherwise indicated. a Bembridae indet., Site 5, sand layer, ASIZF 0100696. b Antigonia sp., Site 2, ASIZF 0100697. c Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel,1843), Site 5, sand layer, ASIZF 0100698. d–e Atrobucca nibe (Jordan & Thompson, 1911), ASIZF 0100699–700, d Site 5, sand layer, e Site 5, mud layer. f utricular otolith, Site 5, sand layer, ASIZF 0100701. 1, ventral view; 2, inner view

Fig. 7 Extant Benthosema otoliths from Taiwan.Scale bars= 1 mm. Images are inner views. a–c, Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert & Cramer,1897), a 14 Mar. 2023, 61.75 mm SL,CHLOL 22578, b 31 May 2022, 68.16 mm SL,CHLOL 22364,c 18 Feb.2021, 57.15 mm SL, CHLOL 9210. d–h Benthosema pterotum (Alcock, 1890), d 30 Jun. 2022, 52.06 mm SL,CHLOL 18836, e 30 Jun.2022,36.88 mm SL, CHLOL 18840, f 30 Jun. 2022, 37.34 mm SL,CHLOL 18832, g 30 Jun. 2022, 42.91 mm SL, CHLOL 18854,h 29 Dec. 2021, 29.88 mm SL,CHLOL 13838

Fig. 9 Fish otoliths from the Lower Pliocene Gutingkeng Formation, southern Taiwan. Scale bars=1 mm. Images are inner views unless otherwise indicated. a Diogenichthys sp., Site 5, sand layer, ASIZF 0100628. b–c Myctophum sp., Site 5, sand layer, ASIZF 0100629–630. d Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845), Site 5, sand layer, ASIZF 0100631. e Lampanyctus alatus Goode & Bean,1896,Site 5, sand layer, ASIZF 0100632. f–h Coelorinchus sp., ASIZF 0100633–635, f–g Site 2, h Site 5, sand layer. 1, ventral view; 2, inner view

Fig. 5 Extant Neoscopelus otoliths from Taiwan. Scale bars=1 mm. Images are inner views. a–d Neoscopelus macrolepidotus Johnson, 1863, a 25 Mar.2022,110.61 mm SL,CHLOL 15935, b 25 Mar.2022,75.78 mm SL, CHLOL 16588, c, 25 Mar. 2022, 75.55 mm SL,CHLOL 15902, d, 25 Mar. 2022, 60.10 mm SL, CHLOL 16592. e–h Neoscopelus microchir Matsubara, 1943, e, 21 Jan. 2021, 171.07 mm SL, CHLOL 3283, f 21 Jan. 2021, 116.36 mm SL, CHLOL 3287, g 19 Feb. 2020, 60.75 mm SL,CHLOL 819, h 29 Jul.2021,95.46 mm SL, CHLOL 8208. i–l Neoscopelus porosus Arai, 1969, i 24 Jan. 2021, 120.58 mm SL, CHLOL 2127, j 29 Dec. 2021, 100.18 mm SL, CHLOL 13389, k 24 Jan. 2021, 55.30 mm SL,CHLOL 2136,l 19 Feb. 2020,78.81 mm SL, CHLOL 824

Fig. 6 Fish otoliths from the Lower Pliocene Gutingkeng Formation, southern Taiwan. Scale bars=1 mm. Images are inner views unless otherwise indicated. a–g Benthosema parafibulatum sp. nov., ASIZF 0100606–612, a holotype, Site 5, mud layer, b–g paratypes, b, e–g Site 5, mud layer, c–d Site 5, sand layer. h–k Benthosema duanformis sp. nov., ASIZF 0100613–616,h holotype,Site 5, mud layer, i–k paratypes, i, k Site 5, mud layer, j Site 2. l–n Benthosema pterotum (Alcock, 1890), Site 5, mud layer, ASIZF 0100617–619. 1, ventral view; 2, inner view