Apharinodes sinensis, Zi-Wei Yin & Ri-Xin Jiang, 2017

Zi-Wei Yin & Ri-Xin Jiang, 2017, Apharinodes sinensis sp. n. (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from China, and discovery of male wing dimorphism in Hybocephalini, Revue suisse de Zoologie 124 (1), pp. 9-14 : 10-13

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.322660
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022442
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428784-833F-FF9B-BB2D-F8ACFB19F88C
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Apharinodes sinensis
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Apharinodes sinensis View in CoL , new species

Figs 1-2 View Fig. 1 View Fig. 2

Type material: Holotype: macropterous male: ‘ China: Yunnan Province, Lincang City, Yun Hsien (âh), Manwan Town (Ōfflffi), Caozidicun (ḆŦḿ ‼), 24°40’27”N, 100°23’09”E, under stone, 1757 m, 9.iv.2016, Zi-Chun Xiong leg.’ ( SNUC). GoogleMaps Paratype: 1 apterous male, same label data as the holotype (SNUC). GoogleMaps

Diagnosis: BL 2.28-2.39 mm; postocular region longer than eye ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 A); anterolateral branches ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 A-1) of squamous scales on pronotum distinct but shorter than basolateral branches ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 A-2), basolateral branches and mediobasal branch ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 A-3) separated anteriorly; male antennomere XI with large, shallow semicircular excavation on mesal surface; aedeagus ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 G-H) weakly sclerotized, median lobe with large basal capsule, endophallus with three sclerites, parameres thick and short.

Description: Macropterous male ( Fig. 1 View Fig. 1 A). Body length 2.39 mm. Body light reddish brown, mouthparts and tarsi lighter in color (the light color of the two males available are possibly due to immature adult status); most part of dorsal surface covered with thick squamous setae.

Head ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 A) slightly longer than wide, HL 0.53 mm, HW 0.46 mm, small vertexal and frontal fovea largely covered by setae; eyes large, each composed of about 32 facets; postocular margins ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 B) longer than eyes, roundly narrowed toward head base; antennae ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 C) robust, scapes as long as combined length of next two antennomeres, antennomeres II transversely quadrate, III to X strongly transverse, successively wider, XI largest, mesal surface with large, shallow, semicircular excavation, AnL 0.95 mm, AnCL 0.33 mm, AnCL/AnL = 0.35; maxillary palpi small and short, three-segmented, with distinct conical palpal cone; gular area flat, densely covered with setae basolaterally.

Pronotum ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 A) slightly wider than long, PL 0.48 mm, PW 0.52 mm, lateral margins nearly straight at basal half, narrowed from middle toward apex; anterolateral branches of squamous scales distinct but short, extending less mesally than basolateral branches, mediobasal branch and basolateral branches clearly separated at anterior ends. Whole surface of prosternum ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 B) covered with dense setae.

Elytra convex, wider than long, EL 0.73 mm, EW 0.88 mm, posterior margin with band of dense setae; two basal foveae covered by squamous scales; with complete discal and sutural striae. Metathoracic wings fully developed. Mesoventrite densely covered with small squamous setae; metaventrite densely covered with setae at middle, areas posterior to mesocoxae with two elongate projections that extend to metaventral posterior margin.

Abdomen subglobose, wider than long, AL 0.65 mm, AW 0.86 mm; tergite IV (first visible tergite) as long as tergite V, with pair of lateral sulci, tergites VI and VII slightly shorter than V, VIII ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 D) circular viewed posteriorly; sternite IV (second visible sternite) to VII successively shorter, VIII ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 E) shallowly emarginate at middle, IX ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 F) well-sclerotized at apex, membranous at posterior half.

Key to species of Apharinodes Raffray View in CoL

1 Body less than 2 mm; anterolateral branches of squamous scales on pronotum extending more mesal (closer to midline) than basolateral branches. (Singapore) ...................................................................... A. squamosa Raffray

– Body no less than 2 mm; anterolateral branches of squamous scales on pronotum shorter than basolateral branches ( Figs 1 View Fig. 1 , 3 View Fig. 3 )..................................................................................................................................................................2

2 Male antennomere XI with large, shallow, quadrate excavation; pronotal mediobasal and basolateral branches of squamous scales fusing anteriorly ( Fig. 3 View Fig. 3 B). (Singapore).......................................................... A. miranda Raffray

– Male antennomere XI with deep, rounded excavation ( Figs 1 View Fig. 1 , 2 View Fig. 2 C, 3A); pronotal mediobasal and basolateral branches of squamous scales separated anteriorly ( Figs 1 View Fig. 1 , 2 View Fig. 2 A, 3A) ........................................................................3

3 Excavation of male antennomere XI deeper ( Fig. 3 View Fig. 3 A); postocular margins slightly shorter than eye length ( Nomura, 1989: fig. 1); pronotal anterolateral branches of squamous scales indistinct ( Fig. 3 View Fig. 3 A). (Japan: Okinawa)............... ................................................................................................................................................. A. papageno Nomura

– Excavation of male antennomere XI shallower ( Figs 1 View Fig. 1 , 2 View Fig. 2 C); postocular margins longer than eye length ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 A); pronotal anterolateral branches of squamous scales distinct ( Figs 1 View Fig. 1 , 2 View Fig. 2 A). (China: Yunnan) ........ A. sinensis View in CoL , sp. n.

Aedeagus ( Fig. 2 View Fig. 2 G-H) weakly sclerotized, length 0.38 mm; median lobe broad, with large basal capsule, broadly emarginate along apical margin; parameres short and thick, each with three thick apical setae; endophallus composed of three sclerites, left sclerite longest, curved toward right, middle sclerite shortest, membranous, right sclerite broad, weakly sclerotized, narrowed at apex.

Apterous male ( Fig. 1 View Fig. 1 B). Similar to macropterous male in general habitat, except eyes smaller, each composed of about 11 facets; elytra and metaventrite shorter; and metathoracic wings absent. Measurements: BL 2.28 mm, HL 0.50 mm, HW 0.44 mm, PL 0.47 mm, PW 0.52 mm, EL 0.65 mm, EW 0.87 mm, AL 0.66 mm, AW 0.85 mm, AnL 0.97 mm, AnCL 0.34 mm, AnCL/AnL = 0.35, length of aedeagus 0.35 mm.

Female. Unknown.

Distribution: Southwestern China: Yunnan.

Etymology: The specific epithet indicating the country where the new species was collected.