Acutiphoderes baeri ( Gounelle, 1913 ) Botero & Bezark & Santos-Silva, 2020

Botero, Juan Pablo, Bezark, Larry G. & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2020, A new genus, new species and taxonomic notes on American Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), Zootaxa 4758 (1), pp. 157-175 : 167-169

Acutiphoderes baeri ( Gounelle, 1913) , comb. nov.

( Figs. 18–23 )

Acyphoderes baeri Gounelle, 1913: 222 ; Fisher, 1930: 11; Bosq, 1944: 197 (distr.); 1945: 48 (distr.); Prosen, 1947: 325 (distr.);

Buck, 1959: 589 (distr.); Duffy, 1960: 160 (hosts); Zajciw & Ruffinelli, 1962: 42 (distr.); Zajciw & Monné, 1968: 57

(distr.); Viana, 1972: 291 (distr.). Acyphoderes ? baeri ; Bosq & Ruffinelli, 1951: 12. Odontocera baeri ; Zajciw, 1972: 402; Monné & Magno, 1988: 448; Monné, 1993b: 31 (cat.); Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 93

(checklist); Di Iorio & Zelich, 1997: 280 (hosts); Monné, 2001: 41 (cat. hosts); Di Iorio, 2004a: 40 (distr.); 2004b: 42 (host);

Monné, 2005: 471 (cat.); Di Iorio, 2005: fig.; Di Iorio & Farina, 2006: 269 (distr.); Wappes et al., 2006: 17 (distr.); Monné

& Hovore, 2006: 118 (checklist); Monné, 2019: 718 (cat.); Bezark, 2019 b: 161 (checklist). Acyphoderes baeri ab. flavo-notata Gounelle, 1913: 223. Acyphoderes baeri ab. bi-annulata Gounelle, 1913: 223. Acyphoderes baeri v. bianulata ; Buck, 1959: 589 (distr.).

Gounelle (1913) described Acyphoderes baeri based on 15 specimens (11 males and four females) from Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul). In the same work, he described two aberrations based mostly on the color of the head and prothorax, and reported (translated): “It is not without hesitation that we have placed this species in the genus Acyphoderes ; the absence of fringe of setae on the outer side of the posterior tibiae would suggest including this species among the Odontocera ; we did not think it necessary to do so, however, because of the three slightly longitudinal carinae on pronotum, the relative brevity of its rostrum, and its very great plastic resemblance to A. odyneroides White [synonymized with Acutiphoderes necydalea (Linnaeus, 1758) by Santos-Silva (2015)], which also has elytra acuminate and posterior tibiae simply bristling with rather sparse setae.”

Zajciw (1972) suggested that A. baeri belonged to Odontocera Audinet-Serville, 1833 (translated): “ A. baeri Geun. [sic]” has prothorax well-convex on pronotum and metatibiae lacking fringe of distinct setae. Gounelle himself (1913) express his doubt by placing baeri in the genus and does so only because of the presence of 3 carinae on the pronotum and the short rostrum—features not indicated as important to the genus Acyphoderes . Absence of flattened pronotum and fringe of setae in metatibiae make the inclusion in this genus very difficult and suggest the need to transfer baeri to the genus Odontocera , where we find species with several carina in pronotum ( O. carinicollis Linsl. , quinquecallosa Zajc., septemtuberculata Zajc.).” Zajciw (1972) did not transfer Acyphoderes baeri to Odontocera : he only suggested. Furthermore, of the species used as examples by Zajciw, only Odontocera carinicollis (currently, synonym of O. clara Bates, 1873 ) remains in Odontocera , and its presence in the genus is very questionable, but it also has truncate elytral apex.

Later, Monné & Magno (1988), apparently believing that Zajciw (1972) had formalized the transference of Acyphoderes baeri to Odontocera , included the species in their key to species of Odontocera . Accordingly, it was Monné & Magno (1988) who made the transference.

Clarke (2015) established Acutiphoderes to include a single species: Acyphoderes odyneroides White, 1855 . As pointed out by Gounelle (1913) Acyphoderes baeri is very similar to A. odyneroides (= Acutiphoderes necydalea ). It is not possible to provide reliable features separating Acutiphoderes from Odontocera because the latter genus needs revision, currently including species with noticeable differences. However, comparing the type species of Odontocera ( O. vitrea Audinet-Serville, 1833 = Necydalis fasciata Olivier, 1795 ) with Acutiphoderes baeri , it is possible to see that the elytra are distinctly acute at the apex (truncate or even emarginate in O. fasciata ), and the pronotum has three carinae (absent in O. fasciata ). As these features are present in A. necydalea ( Figs. 24–27 ), there is no sense keeping A. baeri in Odontocera .

The integument color on head and prothorax is highly variable in Acutiphoderes baeri ( Figs. 18–23 ). The elytral shape is also not constant, although the apex is always acute and they are dehiscent along suture: the outer margins may be distinctly divergent from the middle, or almost parallel-sided; and the sutural dehiscence may be very strong or somewhat slight. None of those variations are related to geographical distribution.

Material examined. BRAZIL, Paraná: Rolândia , 1 female, 8.X.1945, Roasen col. ( MZSP) . Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia , 1 male, 21.XI.1937, F. Plaumann col. ( MZSP) ; 1 female, 1940, F. Plaumann col. ( MZSP) ; 1 male, 3 females, I.1941, no collector indicated ( MZSP) ; 1 male, 10.I.1941, F. Plaumann col. ( MZSP) ; 1 female, II.1941, no collector indicated ( MZSP) ; 1 male, XI.1941, no collector indicated ( MZSP) ARGENTINA, Salta: Tabacal , 1 female, 4.I.l945, S.J. Williner col. ( MZSP) . PARAGUAY, Guairá: Villarica , 2 males, 1 female, no date indicated, A. Maller col. ( MZSP) . Itapúa: Hotel Tirol Reserve ( Capitan Miranda ; 815’), 1 female, 25–28.XI.2016, W.H. Tyson col. ( WHTC) . Cordillera: Nuevo Test. Camp , 1 male, 15–18.XI.2016, W.H. Tyson col. ( LGBC) . URUGUAY, Soriano: Arroyo Cololó , 2 males, 1 female, 15.I.1962, M.A. Monné col. ( MZSP) .

Figures

FIGURES 18–27. 18–23) Acutiphoderes baeri, specimens from Brazil, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia: 18) Dorsal habitus, female, specimen 1; 19) Dorsal habitus, female, specimen 2; 20) Dorsal habitus, male; 21) Ventral habitus, male; 22) Lateral habitus, mlae; 23) Head, frontal view, male. 24–27) Acutiphoderes necydalea, male from Brazil, Pará: 24) Lateral habitus; 25) Head, frontal view; 26) Dorsal habitus; 27) Ventral habitus.