Acanthagrion aepiolum Tennessen, 2004

Lozano, Federico, 2013, Description of three females of the genus Acanthagrion (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) with a key to the females of Argentina, Zootaxa 3646 (1), pp. 23-38 : 26-32

Acanthagrion aepiolum Tennessen, 2004

( Figs. 8, 11–12 , 16–17)

Acanthagrion ascendens: Fraser, 1948: 51 (with doubts); Rácenis, 1958: 187–190; figs. 3a, 3d; Gloger, 1967: 49, 53–54 (records from Ecuador possibly belong to A. ascendens ); Paulson, 1977: 174; table 1 (In part: records from “ Colombia o más al norte” possibly belong to A. ascendens ); Jurzitza, 1981: 117; Muzón, 1995: 51–56; figs. 1–2, 5; Muzón & von Ellenrieder, 1998: 23; appendix; Lencioni, 2006: 56; fig. 6 (In part: except figure 6 C, the illustrations belong to A. ascendens ).

Acanthagrion aepiolum Tennessen, 2004: 79 , 81–86; figs. 2–5, 7; Lencioni, 2006: 53, 321; figs. 3 A–E, F29; Lozano et al. 2007: 1–4; figs.: 1–7; Muzón & Weigel Muñoz, 2007: 238; von Ellenrieder & Garrison, 2007: 10, 33–34; table 1; figs. 126–127; Muzón et al. 2008: 65 (In part: record for locality 6 Corrientes Argentina, belong to A. ascendens ); von Ellenrieder & Lozano, 2008: 99, 101, 103, 105, 110–111; table 1; figs. 3a, 5h, 11; von Ellenrieder & Muzón, 2008: 59; Novelo Gutiérrez, 2009: 321, 326–327; von Ellenrieder, 2009a: 45; von Ellenrieder, 2009b: 63–64; table 1–2; Garrison et al. 2010: 163, 181–185; figs. 859, 1035, 1041, 1048–1049, 1064–1065.

Head: Labrum pale brown with posteromedian spot and posterolateral margins black. Anteclypeus greenish light blue; postclypeus mostly greenish light blue with three anterior irregular spots and posterior margin black. Antefrons without T-shaped spot, with ventral half light blue and dorsal half pale brown. Dorsum of head mostly black with two light brown spots behind scape, two N-shaped spots (either separated or not) in front of median ocellus, a T-shaped spot within ocellar triangle, and a sub-rectangular spot on each side of lateral ocelli. Occipital bar brown. Antennifers anteriorly greenish light blue and posteriorly black. Antennae black. Postocular spots light blue, subrectangular, approximately equal in size to ocellar triangle. Most posterior point of head located behind compound eyes. Occipital area pale brown, except for two dark brown rounded spots on each side of occipital foramen.

Prothorax. Anterior lobe: Central spot light blue and T-shaped spot occupying almost all of dorsum, rest of dorsum black; laterals light blue. Middle lobe: geminate median spots brown, subrectangular or subtriangular; dorsolateral spots light blue; propleuron light blue. Posterior lobe ( Fig. 8 ): anterior half black, posterior half brown; lateral streaks light blue; lateral margins rounded; without median projection.

Pterothorax. Predominant color light blue. Middorsal black stripe interrupted at middorsal carina by a dark brown stripe. Antealar sinus black. Antehumeral stripe light blue and entire, not reaching antealar crest; anterior to posterior limit of mesinfraepisternum antehumeral stripe widens, doubling its minimum width. Humeral stripe black, in some cases with dark brown line along mesopleural suture. Interpleural suture black. Stripe of metapleural suture incomplete. Mesinfraepisternum black with posteroventral angle light blue. Metinfraepisternum pale brown. Venter of thorax pale brown without black spots. Mesostigmal plates ( Fig. 8 ) without diagonal carina, with inner half black and outer half light blue, with conical protuberance on posterior angle. Interlaminar sinus ( Fig. 8 ) triangular (width of interlaminar sinus/length of interlaminar sinus less than 0.4) and black with distal third dark brown; anterior margin of sinus slightly convex; lateral tips acute and projected anteriorly. Mesepisternal fossae ( Fig. 8 ) separated from interlaminar sinus, elevated, separated from each other by middorsal carina, slightly elongated longitudinally.

Legs. Coxae and trochanters pale brown. Femora with extensor margin mostly pale brown, with black stripe on posterior half of external surface which widens distally; toward femur 3 this band becomes smaller, in some cases represented by row of small black spots; flexor margin pale brown. Length of femur 1/width of head equal to 1 (75%) or slightly more than 1 (25%). Tibiae pale brown; longitudinal row of elongated black spots on extensor margin, just behind row of external spurs. Tarsi pale brown with tips black. Leg spurs shorter than intervening spaces.

Wings. CuP reaching posterior margin of wing or CuP&AA’; arculus opposite Ax2 or slightly distal to it. FW: Px 11 (75%) or 12 (25%); RP 2 beginning at Px5 (100%); IR1 beginning at Px6 (12.5%), Px7 (12,5%) or Px8 (75%); four (37.5%), five (12.5%) or six (50%) cells posterior to pt. HW: Px nine (25%) or 10 (75%); RP 2 beginning at Px4 (100%); IR1 beginning at Px6 (12.5%), Px7 (50%) or Px8 (62.5%); five (75%) or six (25%) cells posterior to pt. pt pale brown.

S1. Tergum: posterior margin of anterior spot in contact with posterior stripe of S1. Posterior stripe complete, its central region separated from posterior margin of tergum; lateral margins in contact with ventrolateral margins of tergum in lateral view. Sternum: pale brown, with a triangular black spot on posterior margin that extends anteriorly to the middle of the sternum.

S2. Tergum: dorsal spot bell-shaped, maximum width located at posterior fourth of tergum; anterior margin in contact with anterior margin of tergum through stripe as wide as its minimum width; posterior margin in contact with posterior stripe of S2. Posterior stripe in contact with posterior margin of tergum; lateral margins in contact with ventrolateral margins of tergum in lateral view. Sternum: brown with midventral line black.

S3 to S6. Terga: dorsal T-shaped spots reaching anterior margin; anterior margins blunt; lateral arms directed anteriorly, reaching halfway down terga in lateral view. Posterior stripes visible. Sterna: pale brown with pale brown to black midventral line.

S7. Tergum: with a black subrectangular spot that occupies almost all of tergum; anterior margin in contact with anterior margin of tergum through thin black line; lateral margins parallel, reaching ventral fifth of tergum in lateral view; posterior margin interrupted by irregular light blue spot. Subapical row of spines present. Sternum: pale brown with black midventral stripe.

Terminalia ( Figs. 11–12 ). S8 tergum with dorsal black subrectangular spot that extends posteriorly up to subapical row of spines and lateroventrally up to ventral fifth of tergum in lateral view; sternum pale brown with midventral line black; with well-developed vulvar spine that reaches anterior margin of S9 (one specimen without vulvar spine). S9 tergum with pair of L-shaped black spots that in lateral view occupy almost all of tergum; rest of tergum light blue. Anterior gonapophyses of ovipositor pale brown; posterior gonapophyses brown; valves surpassing S10 and extending to half length of cerci; ventral margin slightly concave and serrated. S10 mostly light blue with posterior margin pale brown. Cerci slightly shorter than (75%) or equal to (25%) length of S10; in lateral view dorsal margin concave, ventral margin convex, tip slightly curved dorsally; in dorsal view external margin slightly concave, inner margin straight, tips slightly divergent. Paraprocts without modifications.

Measurements: (mean is given; range in brackets; N=4 unless stated otherwise).

Head: max. length 0.97 [0.9–1.0]; width between compound eyes along anterior margin 1.4 [1.3–1.5]. Legs: femur 1 length 1.42 [1.3–1.5]; femur 2 length 1.95 [1.8–2.0]; femur 3 length (N=3) 2.5 [2.4–2.6]. Thorax: interlaminar sinus max. length 0.87 [0.8–0.9]; interlaminar sinus width between anterior angle of mesostigmal plates 0.3; distance between mesepisternal fossae and posterior margin of mesostigmal plates 1.4 [1.3–1.5]. Wings: FW length left 19.4 [18.3–20.2], right 19.62 [18.6–20.5]; HW length left 18.15 [17.4–18.7], right 18.6 [17.6–19.5]. Abdomen: max. length 26.5 [24.8–27.9]; S1 max. length 0.7; S2 max. length 1.65 [1.6–1.7]; S3 max. length 4.45 [4.2–4.7]; S4 max. length 4.67 [4.3–4.9]; S5 max. length 4.65 [4.3–4.9]; S6 max. length 4.42 [4.1–4.7]; S7 max. length 3.45 [3.2–3.7]; S8 max. length 1.32 [1.2–1.5]; S9 max. length 0.65 [0.5–0.7]; S10 max. length 0.3; S3 min. width (N=3) 0.4 [0.3–0.5]; S9 height (N=3) 1.0; S10 height (N=3) 0.97 [0.9–1.0]. Cerci: distance surpassing posterior margin of S 10 in lateral view 0.22 [0.2–0.3]. Paraprocts: length in lateral view 0.15 [0.1–0.2]. Total length 32.4 [30.5–33.9].

Females examined (N=6): ARGENTINA: Corrientes province: Mercedes, Pay Ubre Grande stream and provincial road 29, 29°01’41’’S - 58°10’28’’W, 65 m. a.s.l., leg. J. Muzón & P. Pessacq, 21/ 23-II-2003, 3Ƥ, MLP. Salta province: Río Anta Muerta, side shady creek, 23°07’00’’S - 64°29’53’’W, 496 m. a.s.l., leg. F. Lozano & N. von Ellenrieder, 02-XII-2006, 1Ƥ (in tandem), RWG. BRAZIL: Goiás state: Expedição Formosa-Brasilia, {15°32’15’’S - 47°20’08’’W, 919 m. a.s.l.}[geographic coordinates and altitude for Formosa city because the data are inadequate for exact georeferencing], leg. unknown, 15-VII-1960, 1Ƥ, MLP. PARAGUAY: Concepción department: swamp in the forest E of Cerro Momby [the correct name is Cerro Memby, “Momby” probably a misspelling], {22°54’12’’S - 56°27’14’’W, 325 m. a.s.l.}, leg. O. Flint, 20-XI-1973, 1Ƥ, MLP

Other material examined (N=66): ARGENTINA: Corrientes province: Mercedes, Pay Ubre Grande stream and provincial road 29, 29°01’41’’S - 58°10’28’’W, 65 m. a.s.l., leg. J. Muzón & P. Pessacq, 21/ 23-II-2003, 1333, MLP; same as before except for: 27-II-2003, 333, MLP; same as before except for: leg. P. Pessacq, 09/ 11-X-2004, 1033, MLP. Santo Tomé, unnamed stream and provincial road 94, 2 km N of Santo Tomé, 28°31’52’’S - 56°03’10’’W, 56 m. a.s.l., leg. J. Muzón, J. Lambruschini, F. Lozano, P. Pessacq, L. Ramos, M. S. Weigel Muñoz & N. von Ellenrieder, 21-IX-2005, 13, MLP. Entre Ríos province: Parque Nacional El Palmar, La Glorieta, {31°53’06’’S - 58°16’16’’W, 26 m. a.s.l.}, leg. J. Muzón, IX-1987, 13, MLP. Misiones province: stream in the swampy area at the park ranger’s quarter {25°40’51’’S - 54°27’05’’W, 183 m. a.s.l.}, leg. J. Muzón, 01-XII-1988, 13, MLP. León stream and provincial road 2, 27°55’59,82’’S - 55°36’58,14’’W, 120 m. a.s.l., leg. J. Muzón & F. Lozano, 10-XII-2009, 433, MLP. Itacuararé, Itacuararé stream and provincial road 2, 27°52’14,7’’S - 55°16’38,16’’W, 100 m. a.s.l., leg. J. Muzón & F. Lozano, 09-XII-2009, 533, MLP. Parque Provincial Urugua-í, Arroyo Uruzú, provincial road 19, 25°51’27.9’’S - 5°10’52.99’’W, 319 m. a.s.l., leg. C. Molineri, 7/ 11-XII-1999, 13, FML. Puerto Iguazú, {25°34’00’’S - 54°34’00’’W, 161 m. a.s.l.}, leg. Hermida, 24-XI-1989, 13, MLP. Puerto Iguazú, Tacuara stream, 25°36’31,28’’S - 54°34’23,05’’W, 177 m. a.s.l., leg. J. Muzón, 18-V-2006, 13, MLP. Salta province: Río Anta Muerta, side shady creek, 23°07’00’’S - 64°29’53’’W, 496 m. a.s.l., leg. F. Lozano & N. von Ellenrieder, 02-XII-2006, 13 (in tandem), RWG. Unnamed river 15 km SE of Isla de Cañas, 22°55’32’’S - 64°34’33’’W, 706 m. a.s.l., leg. F. Lozano & N. von Ellenrieder, 02-XII-2006, 73, MLP. BRAZIL: Goiás state: Expedição Formosa-Brasilia, {15°32’15’’S - 47°20’08’’W, 919 m. a.s.l.} [geographic coordinates and altitude for Formosa city because the data are inadequate for exact georeferencing], leg. unknown, 15-VII-1960, 13, MLP. São Pablo state: Jacareí, Fazenda Santana do Poço, {23°12’37,3’’S - 45°57’55,78’’W, 576 m. a.s.l.}, leg. F. A. A. Lencioni, 15-IX-1996, 13, MLP. Univap, Campus Urbanova, São José dos Campos, {23°12’26,36’’S - 45°57’10,07’’W, 616 m. a.s.l.}, leg. F. A. A. Lencioni, 23-XI-2000, 13, MLP. PARAGUAY: Caaguazú department: near Caaguazú, {25°27’00’’S - 56°01’00’’W, 315 m. a.s.l.} [geographic coordinates and altitude from Caaguazú city], leg. L. A. Bulla, III-1970, 13, MLP. Central department: Asunción, {25°16’55,91’’S - 57°38’06,36’’W, 62 m. a.s.l.}, leg. R. Golbach, II-1994, 233, FML. Concepción department: swamp in the forest E of Cerro Momby [the correct name is Cerro Memby, “Momby” probably a misspelling], {22°54’12’’S - 56°27’14’’W, 325 m. a.s.l.}, leg. O. Flint, 20-XI-1973, 13, MLP; same as before except for: leg. L.A. Bulla, 30-XI- 1973, 433. Cordillera department: Caacupé, Instituto Agronómico Nacional, {25°23’10’’S - 57°08’27’’W, 183 m. a.s.l.}, leg. R. D. Cave, 17-XII-1980, 13, USNM. Guairá department: 8 km S of Villarica, {25°51’23,88’’S - 56°26’59’’W, 134 m. a.s.l.}, leg. L. A. Bulla, 02-XII-1973, 333, MLP. Mbocayati [the correct name is Mbocayaty, “Mbocayati” probably a misspelling], {25°42’50’’S - 56°24’26’’W, 157 m. a.s.l.}, leg. L. A. Bulla, 11-II-1973, 233, MLP.

Acanthagrion ascendens Calvert, 1909 ( Figs. 9, 13 , 16)

Acanthagrion gracile ascendens Calvert, 1909: 161 , 165–166, 272; pl. V, figs. 81, 81a; Longfield, 1929: 136 (with doubts); St. Quentin, 1960: 58.

Acanthagrion ascendens: Kennedy, 1916: 327 –330; figs. 12–13; Williamson, 1916: 314, 317–318, 320, 325, 351–355, 357– 358; pl. XVII, fig. 13; Geijskes, 1932a: 255–257; Geijskes, 1932b: 127; Geijskes, 1941: 724–726, 728; figs. 3a–3f; Fraser, 1946: 38–39 (with doubts); Rácenis, 1953: 22; Rácenis, 1959: 473 (with doubts); Santos, 1961: 3; Roback, 1966: 83–84; table 3; Gloger, 1967: 46–47, 49, 53–54 (in part: specimens from Argentina and Brazil possibly belong to A. aepiolum ); Bulla, 1971: 50; Leonard, 1977: 1, 13, 16, 21, 24, 37, 53, 56, 60, 77–78, 80, 84, 88, 89, 90–94, 158, 164, 169, 172; pl. IV: figs. 37–38, X: figs. 107, 113–114, XV: fig. 154, XVIII (some records, especially those for Brazil and Paraguay, doubtful); Paulson, 1977: 174, 180; tables 1, 3 (in part: records for Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay possibly belong to A. aepiolum ); Santos, 1981: 71; table 4; Paulson, 1984: 12; table 1 (doubtful); Costa et al. 2000: 7, 12; table 1 (doubtful); Ferreira- Perruquetti & Fonesca-Gessner, 2003: 221; table 1; Tennessen, 2004: 79–81, 83–86; figs. 1, 6, 8–10; Lencioni, 2006: 56, 267; figs. 6 A–B, D, figs. D22 A–G (In part: figure 6C belongs to A. aepiolum ); Lozano et al. 2007: 1; von Ellenrieder & Lozano, 2008: 99–101, 111; table 1; fig. 11; von Ellenrieder & Muzón, 2008: 56; Novelo Gutiérrez, 2009: 321, 325–327; fig. 13; De Souza et al. 2010: 82–83; figs.11, 22; Garrison et al. 2010: 181.

Acanthagrion ascendens form a Ris 1918: 124–127.

Acanthagrion luteum Rácenis, 1958: 184 –190; figs. 3b–3c, 3e; Santos, 1961: 3; Gloger, 1967: 46; Gloyd, 1977: 147–149 (records for Brazil and Paraguay doubtful); Muzón, 1995: 51–56, figs. 3–4, 5; De Marmels, 1990: 336; De Marmels, 1992: 62; Louton et al. 1996: 438 (doubtful); Muzón et al. 2001: 95, 97; Pessacq et al. 2005: 73, 75.

Acanthagrion aepiolum: Muzón et al. 2008: 65 (in part: only the record for locality 6, Corrientes, Argentina belongs to A. ascendens , the rest belong to A. aepiolum ).

Head: Labrum light blue with posteromedian spot and posterolateral margins black. Anteclypeus greenish light blue; postclypeus mostly greenish light blue with T-shaped spot and posterior margin black. Antefrons with Tshaped spot black; lateral arms not reaching bases of antennae; longitudinal axis less than half width of median ocelli, with its lateral margins straight. Dorsum of head mostly black, with two brown spots behind pedicel, rhomboidal pale brown spot on each side of scape, two subrectangular pale brown spots in front of median ocellus, two comma-shaped light blue spots anterior to lateral ocelli, and two elongated pale brown spots lateral to lateral ocelli. Occipital bar brown. Antennifers anteriorly pale brown and posteriorly black. Antennae: scape with anterior half brown and posterior half black, pedicel and flagellum dark brown. Postocular spots light blue, subcircular, larger than ocellar triangle. Most posterior point of head located behind compound eyes. Occipital area pale brown, except for two dark brown rounded spots on each side of occipital foramen.

Prothorax. Anterior lobe: Central spot light blue and T-shaped, occupying almost all of dorsum, rest of dorsum black; laterals light blue. Middle lobe: without geminate median spots or, if present, these very small and dark brown; dorsolateral spots light blue; propleuron light blue. Posterior lobe ( Fig. 9 ) black with posterior half brown; lateral streaks light blue; lateral margins rounded; without median projection.

Pterothorax. Predominant color light blue. Middorsal black stripe not interrupted at middorsal carina. Antealar sinus black with posterior angles light blue in some specimens. Antehumeral stripe light blue and entire, not reaching antealar crest; antehumeral stripe widens to 1.5 times its minimum width anterior to posterior limit of mesinfraepisternum. Humeral stripe black. Interpleural suture black. Stripe of metapleural suture complete. Mesinfraepisternum with dorsal third dark brown or black, fading progressively toward posteroventral angle. Metinfraepisternum pale brown. Venter of thorax pale brown without black spots. Mesostigmal plates ( Fig. 9 ) without diagonal carina, with inner half black and outer half light blue, without modifications on posterior angle. Interlaminar sinus ( Fig. 9 ) triangular (width of interlaminar sinus/length of interlaminar sinus less than 0.4) and black; anterior margin of sinus slightly convex; lateral tips acute and projected anteriorly. Mesepisternal fossae ( Fig. 9 ) separated from interlaminar sinus, elevated, separated from each other by middorsal carina, slightly elongated longitudinally.

Legs. Coxae and trochanters pale brown. Femora with extensor margin mostly pale brown with black stripe on posterior half of external surface which widens distally; toward femur 3 this band becomes smaller and shorter, occupying just distal third; flexor margin pale brown. Length of femur 1/width of head less than 1. Tibiae pale brown; on extensor margin, just behind row of external spurs, black stripe on tibia 1 and longitudinal row of elongated brown spots on tibiae 2 and 3. Tarsi pale brown with tips dark brown. Leg spurs shorter than intervening spaces.

Wings. CuP reaching posterior margin of wing or CuP&AA’; arculus opposite Ax2 or slightly distal to it. FW: Px 11 (50%) or 12 (50%); RP 2 beginning at Px4 (25%), between Px4 and Px5 (50%) or at Px5 (25%); IR1 beginning between Px7 and Px8 (25%), at Px8 (25%) or at Px9 (50%); five (75%) or six (25%) cells posterior to pt. HW: Px 10 (75%) or 11 (75%); RP 2 beginning at Px4 (100%); IR1 beginning at Px8 (100%); four (25%) or six (75%) cells posterior to pt. pt pale brown.

S1. Tergum: posterior margin of anterior spot in contact with posterior stripe of S1. Posterior stripe complete, its central region separated from posterior margin of tergum; lateral margins reaching halfway down or to ventral third of tergum in lateral view. Sternum: pale brown, with triangular black spot on posterior margin that extends anteriorly until middle or posterior third of sternum.

S2. Tergum: dorsal spot bell-shaped, maximum width located at posterior fourth of tergum; anterior margin in contact with anterior margin of tergum through stripe slightly less wide than its minimum width; posterior margin in contact with posterior stripe of S2. Posterior stripe in contact with posterior margin of tergum; lateral margins reaching halfway down tergum in lateral view. Sternum: brown with midventral line black.

S3–6. Terga: dorsal T-shaped spots reaching anterior margin; anterior margins blunt; lateral arms directed anteriorly on S1–4, reaching from ventral third to ventrolateral margins of terga in lateral view. Posterior stripes visible on S1–4 reaching halfway down terga in lateral view. Sterna: pale brown with midventral line pale brown to black.

S7. Tergum: with black subrectangular spot that occupies almost all of tergum; anterior margin straight, in contact with anterior margin of tergum through black thin middorsal line; lateral margins parallel, reaching halfway down tergum in lateral view, widens slightly in posterior sixth, reaching ventral fourth of tergum; posterior margin reaching subapical row of spines except in ventral third of tergum in lateral view, where black marking surpasses this line without reaching posterior margin. Subapical row of spines present. Sternum: pale brown with midventral line black.

Terminalia ( Fig. 13 ). S8 tergum with a dorsal black subrectangular spot that extends posteriorly up to subapical row of spines and lateroventrally up to ventral fourth of tergum in lateral view; sternum pale brown with midventral line black; well-developed vulvar spine reaches anterior margin of S9. S9 tergum with pair of L-shaped black spots that, in lateral view, occupy almost all of tergum; rest of tergum light blue except for ventral fourth, which is pale brown. Gonapophyses of ovipositor pale brown; valves reaching posterior margin of S10; ventral margin slightly concave and serrated. S10 light blue, in some cases with two small semicircular black spots located on anterior margin. Cerci slightly shorter than length of S10; in lateral view dorsal margin concave, ventral margin convex, tip directed posteriorly; in dorsal view external margin slightly convex, inner margin straight, tips slightly divergent. Paraprocts without modifications.

Measurements: (N=2; in brackets values from both specimens).

Head: max. length [without data; 1.0]; width between compound eyes along anterior margin [without data; 1.4]. Legs: femur 1 length [1.4; 1.2]; femur 2 length [1.8; 2.1]; femur 3 length [2.3; 2.6]. Thorax: interlaminar sinus max. length [0.8; 0.9]; interlaminar sinus width between anterior angle of mesostigmal plates [0.3; 0.3]; distance between mesepisternal fossae and posterior margin of mesostigmal plates [0.8; 1.0]. Wings: FW length left [19.7; 19.2], right [19.8; 19.1]; HW length left [18.8; 18.0], right [18.7; 17.6]. Abdomen: max. length [26.8; 26.8]; S1 max. length [0.6; 0.6]; S2 max. length [1.7; 1.6]; S3 max. length [4.4; 4.5]; S4 max. length [4.8; 4.7]; S5 max. length [4.9; 4.8]; S6 max. length [4.6; 4.5]; S7 max. length [3.6; 3.6]; S8 max. length [1.5; 1.5]; S9 max. length [0.8; 0.7]; S10 max. length: [0.3; 0.3]; S3 min. width [0.5; 0.6]; S9 height [0.7; 0.8]; S10 height [0.6; 0.8]. Cerci: distance surpassing posterior margin of S 10 in lateral view [0.2; 0.2]. Paraprocts: length in lateral view [0.1; 0.1]. Total length [without data; 32.0].

Females examined (N=2): PERU: Loreto department: Explorama Inn, 25 mi NE Iquitos on Amazon River, {03°30’28’’S - 73°04’23’’W, 105 m. a.s.l.}, leg. S. W. Dunkle, 19-VIII-1989, 1Ƥ, MLP. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: Municipality of Arima: St. George Co., Arima river at Churchill-Roosvelt Hwy, about 2.25 mi SSE of Arima, {10°36’45’’N - 61°15’48’’W, 33 m. a.s.l.}, leg. R. W. Garrison, 12-I-1981, 1Ƥ (in tandem), RWG.

Other material examined (N=12): ARGENTINA: Corrientes province: Santo Tomé, Ita Cuá stream and provincial road 94, 28°26’53’’S - 56°00’34’’W, 61 m. a.s.l., leg. J. Muzón, J. Lambruschini, F. Lozano, P. Pessacq, L. Ramos, M. S. Weigel Muñoz & N. von Ellenrieder, 19/ 21-IX-2005, 233, MLP. PARAGUAY: Concepción department: swamp in the forest E del Cerro Momby [correct name is Cerro Memby, “Momby” probably a misspelling], {22°54’12’’S - 56°27’14’’W, 325 m. a.s.l.}, leg. O. Flint, 20-XI-1973, 13, MLP. Cordillera department: Caacupé, Instituto Agronómico Nacional, {25°23’10’’S - 57°08’27’’W, 183 m. a.s.l.}, leg. R. D. Cave, 12-II-1981, 1 3, USNM. PERU: Loreto department: Explorama Inn, 25 mi NE Iquitos on Amazon River, {03°30’28’’S - 73°04’23’’W, 105 m. a.s.l.}, leg. S. W. Dunkle, 19-VIII-1989, 13, MLP. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: Nariva county: 8 mi S of Río Claro, {10°11’12’’N - 61°10’13’’W, 84 m. a.s.l.}, leg. T. W. Donnelly, 14-IV-1965, 233, MLP. Saint Andrew county: Cunapo River, {10°35’00’’N - 61°08’00’’W, 33 m. a.s.l.} [According to the Global Gazetteer v. 2.2 website there are two different localities named “Cunapo”, one in Saint Andrew County and the other in Saint George county. The Cunapo river is located within Saint Andrew county, therefore the georeferencing is for Cunapo in Saint Andrew], leg. unknown, 27-II-1912, 233, USNM. Municipality of Arima: St. George Co., Arima river at Churchill-Roosvelt Hwy, about 2.25 mi SSE of Arima, {10°36’45’’N - 61°15’48’’W, 33 m. a.s.l.}, leg. R. W. Garrison, 12-I-1981, 13 1Ƥ (in tandem), RWG.

VENEZUELA: Guárico state: Espino, {08°33’41’’N - 66°01’35’’W, 144 m. a.s.l.}, leg. J. Rácenis, 29-XII-1954, 233, MLP (paratypes of Acanthagrion luteum ).

Figures

FIGURES 8 – 15. Diagnostic characters of females. 8, 11 – 12, Acanthagrion aepiolum. 9, 13, Acanthagrion ascendens. 10, 14 – 15 Acanthagrion minutum. 8 – 10, thorax, dorsal view; 11 – 14, terminalia, lateral view; 15, variations in shape of postocular spots.