Abana tissa Distant, 1908

Sauceda-V, Jefferson, Malenovský, Igor & Takiya, Daniela M., 2025, Species delimitation and taxonomic revision of Abana Distant, 1908 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Proconiini): Intraspecific color variation and pseudocryptic diversity in Andean sharpshooters, Zootaxa 5596 (1), pp. 1-60 : 36-42

Abana tissa Distant, 1908

( Figs. 19–22 )

Abana tissa Distant, 1908: 73 [n. sp.]. Melichar (1926): 326 [redescription]; Young (1965): 196 [lectotype designated]; Young (1968): 150 [out of subgenus]; Ceotto & Mejdalani (2005): 482, 491 [phylogeny]; McKamey (2007): 264 [catalogued].

Abana (Abana) tissa, Melichar (1926): 323 [key]; Metcalf (1965): 645 [catalogued].

Diagnosis. Body coloration ( Figs. 19A, B , 21A–D ) mostly dark brown and yellow; brochosome coverage may give a blue tinge on head, thorax and forewings in some cases ( Figs. 20A, B , 21C, D ); head ( Figs. 19A, B , 21A–D ) almost completely to completely dark brown, sometimes with gena completely yellow ( Fig. 20B ); pronotum ( Figs. 19A , 20A ) completely dark brown; male forewing ( Fig. 19A, B ) dark brown; venation at basal half of corium ( Figs. 19A, B , 21A–D , 22A ) with three distinct yellow to orange regions, sometimes merged anteriorly. Crown anterior margin ( Fig. 19A , 20A ) subtriangular to triangular; anterior portion ( Fig. 19B , 20B ), in lateral view, straight, not inflated; disk with a distinct depression; M-shaped elevation bordering posterior margin inconspicuous. Connective ( Fig. 19E ) with arms converging anteriorly; base of the arms with ( Fig. 19E ) or without ( Fig. 20E ) a V-shaped dorsal rim. Style ( Figs. 19E , 20E ) with apodeme broad and long ( Fig. 19E ) approximately 0.8 times as long as the apophysis length, or narrow and slightly extended anteriorly beyond connective base ( Fig. 20E ), approximately 0.3 times as long as the apophysis length; inner lobe rounded; apical portion approximately four times as long as wide; extending beyond connective apex. Aedeagal shaft ( Fig. 19F–H ) with anterodorsal projections wide and short. Dorsal connective sclerotized ( Fig. 19F–H ) or somewhat sclerotized ( Fig. 20F–H ), submedian acute process conspicuous ( Fig. 19F ) or inconspicuous ( Fig. 20F ).

Redescription. Total length: males (n = 5) 17.7–19.9 mm, females (n = 3) 18.3–19.3 mm.

External structures. Crown ( Figs. 19A , 20A , 21A, D , 22A ) pubescent; M-shaped elevation bordering posterior margin inconspicuous. Ocelli, each closer to adjacent eye angle than to crown midline. Frons evenly convex medially. Pronotum ( Figs. 19A , 20A , 21A, D , 22A ) surface with pubescence. Forewing ( Figs. 19A , 20A , 21A, D , 22A ) with base of fourth apical cell aligned with or slightly more distal than base of third cell. Hind leg with femoral setal formula 2:0:0. Other characters as in A. dives .

Coloration. Body coloration ( Figs. 19A, B , 21A–D , 22A, B ) mostly dark brown, brochosome coverage may give a blue tinge on head, thorax, and forewings ( Figs. 20A, B , 21C, D ). Head ( Figs. 19A, B , 22A, B ) completely dark or with gena ( Figs. 20A, B , 21A–D ) yellow. Thorax ( Figs. 19A, B , 22A, B ) completely dark brown, with some small and inconspicuous yellow areas on pleurites, or pleurites ( Figs. 20A, B , 21A–D ) almost completely yellow. Forewing ( Figs. 19A, B , 21A–D , 22A ) castaneous to dark brown, with venation on basal half of corium with three distinct yellow to orange regions, sometimes merged anteriorly. Legs ( Figs. 19B , 20B , 21B, D , 22B ) brown to dark brown. Abdomen completely dark ( Fig. 19B , 22A, B ) or with some yellow areas on posterolateral margins of tergites and posterior margins of sternites ( Figs. 20A, B , 21A–D ).

Male terminalia. Pygofer ( Fig. 19C ), in lateral view, with a distinct median concavity on ventral margin; preapical region convex ventrally. Subgenital plates ( Fig. 19C ), in lateral view, not reaching apex of pygofer. Base of connective arms with ( Fig. 19E ) or without ( Fig. 20E ) a dorsal rim, when present, the rim is V-shaped. Style ( Fig. 19E ) with apodeme broad and long ( Fig. 19E ), approximately 0.8 times as long as apophysis, or narrow and short ( Fig. 20E ), approximately 0.3 times as long as apophysis length; angle formed between preapical lobe and apical portion acute; apical portion approximately four times as long as wide; extending beyond connective apex. Aedeagal shaft ( Fig. 19F ), in lateral view, with preapical dorsal spiniform process not extending to dorsal margin of lateral projections. Dorsal connective sclerotized ( Fig. 19F–H ) or somewhat sclerotized ( Fig. 20F–H ); submedian acute process conspicuous ( Fig. 19F ) or inconspicuous ( Fig. 20F ). Other characters as in A. dives .

Female terminalia. Second valvula ( Fig. 21I ), in lateral view, with 85 separate teeth on dorsal margin. Gonoplac ( Fig. 21K ) apex rounded. Other characters as in A. dives .

Nymph (based on an exuvium of the last nymphal stage collected with a teneral specimen, Fig. 23 ). Crown ( Fig. 23A ) moderately produced anteriorly, clearly more produced than in adult individuals, length of crown approximately 1.3 times as long as interocular width of the head; anterior margin triangular ( Fig. 23A ). Head, in lateral view, with anterior portion of crown not inflated ( Fig. 23B ), forming an acute angle with face. Frons ( Fig. 23C ) flattened medially, muscle impressions distinct. Clypeus ( Fig. 23B ) protuberant, its contour almost at right angle to profile of face; without a median carina. Pronotum ( Fig. 23A ) width exceeding transocular width of head, slightly more than two times as long as wide; lateral margins about as long as midlength. Hind leg with femoral setal formula 2:0:0. Abdomen ( Fig. 23 ) with a long and slender posterior process, gradually becoming thinner towards apex, about as long as the length of the rest of the body. Body ( Fig. 23 ) densely covered with pubescence, with longer setae on face, legs, and along abdominal posterior process; and with a pair of tufts of black setae on crown apex ( Fig. 23 ).

Distribution. Colombia [new record] (Antioquia, Chocó, Córdoba, and Valle del Cauca departments) and Ecuador. Before this work, A. tissa was only known for Ecuador in Cachabé [= Cachabí] (Esmeraldas province) ( Distant 1908). Here, we extend its distribution to Colombia, where it occurs in various localities in the departments of Antioquia, Chocó, Córdoba and Valle del Cauca ( Fig. 30 ).

Material examined.Type material: Lectotype, ♂ (based on photographs of habitus): ECUADOR: Esmeraldas: “Ecuador.\ Rosenberg.\ 99-104.”, “Cachabé,\ low c., XII. 96.\ (Rosenberg).”, “ LECTOTYPE \ Abana \ tissa \ Distant\ D.A. Young, 63.”, “ Abana \ tissa \ Dist”, “Type”, “ LECTO- \ TYPE ”, “ NHMUK 013588912 ” ( BMNH) . Paralectotype (based on photographs of habitus): 1 ♂, “ Ecuador.\ Rosenberg.\ 99-104.”, “Cachabé,\ low c., XII. 96.\ (Rosenberg).”, “a bana \ tissa Dist. \ D. A. Young C.W. T.”, “ PARA- \ LECTO- \ TYPE ”, “ NHMUK 013588913 ” ( BMNH) . Other specimens: COLOMBIA [new record]: Antioquia: 1 ♂, Mutatá, Vereda San José de León, Finca la Soledad 2, camino entre P1 y P2, 7.49223, -76.50401, 477–773 m a.s.l., 2022-vii-03–08, Bosque, Red entomológica, J. Sauceda-V., I. Ceballos-C., A. Mejía & J. C. Calderón ( CEUA: 124364) ; 3 ♀♀, same data, except: ( CEUA: 124365, 124366, 124367) ; 1 ♂, same data, except: ( CEUA: 124374) ; 1 ♂, same data, except: DNA voucher Entomologia DZRJ ENT6388 ( CEUA: 124372). Chocó : 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Tadó, Comunidad Afrodescendiente Bochoromá , 5.29508°N, 76.39107°W, 100– 200 m .a.s.l., 2016-ix-09 /11, manual, C. Bota, C. Flórez, C. Guzmán ( CBUCES-F: 11614, 11687) ; 1 ♀, Nuquí, Corregimiento Cabo Corrientes, base norte del Cerro Jánano , 5.523778°N, 77.468836°W, 150–250 m a.s.l., 2018-ii-27, manual, A. Acosta, F. Acosta, C. Flórez, S. Hoyos, M. Restrepo, M.J. Sanín ( CBUCES-F: 11686) . Córdoba: 1 ♀, Montería , 18 m a.s.l., 1970-viii, Betancur ( MEFLG: 7921) . Risaralda: 1 ♀, Pueblo Rico, corregimiento Santa Cecilia, Área de Manejo Especial de Comunidades Negras Alto Amurrupá , camino hacia el Río Oscorodó , 5.32033ºN, 76.17357°W, 400–600 m a.s.l., bosque, 2016-ix-13, manual, C. Bota, B. Cárdenas, C. Flórez ( CBUCES-F: 11688) . Valle del Cauca: 1 ♀, Buenaventura, Vereda Córdoba, Reserva Forestal Nacional Protectora San Cipriano y Escalerete , 3º49’52”N, 76º53’25”W, 110 m a.s.l., 2019-xi-29, Bosque, Manual, J. Sauceda-V. ( CEUA: 66361) ; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, same data, except: 3.8311111N, - 76.8902778W, 110 m a.s.l., 2023-i-03–07, Bosque, manual, J. Sauceda-V. ( CEUA: 158303, 158305, 158306) ; 1 ♂, same data, except: DNA voucher Entomologia DZRJ ENT6603 ( CEUA: 158304) . 1 ♀, Calima , 1485 m a.s.l., 1961-i, Bosque, F. L. Gallego ( MEFLG: 7922) . ECUADOR: Esmeraldas: 1 ♂, 1 specimen of undetermined sex, Cachabé, Rosenberg ( USNM) .

Remarks. Some specimens of this species show a certain similarity to A gigas and A. rufifrons sp. nov. (see remarks on A. gigas and A. rufifrons sp. nov. above). In the specimens from Colombia, two morphotypes were initially identified for A. tissa , the first of which matches the color pattern of the lectotype (here referred to as “brown morphotype”, Figs. 19A, B , 21A, B , 22A, B ) and the second has a color pattern that is very different from the lectotype (here referred to as “blue morphotype”, Figs. 20A, B , 21C, D ). There are also some distinguishing characters of the male genitalia, such as the connective arms ( Fig. 20E ) without a dorsal rim at base (present in the brown morphotype, Fig. 19E ); the style ( Fig. 20E ) with a narrow and short apodeme (broad and long in the brown morphotype, Fig. 19E ); and the dorsal connective ( Fig. 20F ), which is somewhat sclerotized, with the submedian acute process inconspicuous (very sclerotized and conspicuous in the brown morphotype, Fig. 19F ). The blue morphotype was found at localities in the departments of Valle del Cauca and Risaralda, where no specimens of the brown morphotype were found. However, these localities are within the apparent distributional range of the brown morphotype, which seems to extend from the foothills of the western side of the Andes in the province of Esmeraldas in Ecuador to the foothill forests at the northernmost end of the Western Mountain Range of the Andes in Colombia. Both morphotypes were studied in the molecular species delimitation analyses and were found to be the same species in all methods ( Fig. 2 ). Based on these results and the lack of clear evidence for a disjunct distribution of the two morphotypes, they are considered here as the same species, despite their different morphological characteristics.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood tree of Abana (-lnL= 3459.979) showing results of species delimitation methods based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Each vertical bar represents different delimitation schemes obtained with ABGD, ASAP, PTP, bPTP and GMYC methods. Values below branches are likelihood SH-aLRT / ultrafast bootstrap support values. SH-aLRT <80 and UFboot <95 values are not shown.

FIGURE 19. Abana tissa Distant, 1908, “brown morphotype”. A, male from Antioquia, Colombia (CEUA 124372), dorsal habitus; B, same male, lateral habitus; C, genital capsule, lateral view; D, subgenital plates, ventral view; E, connective and styles, dorsal view; F, aedeagus, anal tube, and paraphyses, lateral view; G, aedeagus, anal tube, and paraphyses, ventral view; H, aedeagus, anal tube, and paraphyses, posterior view. Scale bars A, B: 1.0 mm, C–H: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 20. Abana tissa Distant, 1908, “blue morphotype”.A, male fromAntioquia, Colombia (CEUA 124372), dorsal habitus; B, same male, lateral habitus; C, male from Valle del Cauca, Colombia (CEUA), dorsal habitus; D, same male, lateral habitus; E, genital capsule, lateral view; F, subgenital plates, ventral view; G, connective and styles, dorsal view; H, aedeagus, anal tube, and paraphyses, lateral view; I, aedeagus, anal tube, and paraphyses, ventral view; J, aedeagus, anal tube, and paraphyses, posterior view. Scale bars A–D: 1.0 mm, E–J: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 21. Abana tissa Distant, 1908. A, “brown morphotype”, female from Córdoba, Colombia (MEFLG 7921), dorsal habitus; B, same female, lateral habitus; C, “blue morphotype”, female from Valle del Cauca, Colombia (CEUA 66361), dorsal habitus; D, same female, lateral habitus; E, sternite VII, ventral view; F, pygofer, lateral view; G, first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view; H, detail of first valvula apex, lateral view; I, second valvifer and second valvula, lateral view; J, detail of second valvula, lateral view; K, gonoplac, lateral view. Scale bars A–D: 1.0 mm, E–K: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 22. Abana tissa Distant, 1908, male lectotype (BMNH). A, dorsal habitus; B, lateral habitus; C, specimen labels. Scale bar 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 23. Exuvia of the last instar nymph of A. tissa, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 30. Distribution map of Abana species.