Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906

Arizala, Stephany, Labarque, Facundo Martín & Polotow, Daniele, 2021, Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae), Zootaxa 4920 (1), pp. 1-55 : 23-28

Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906

Figs 10B , 22–25

Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906: 290 , fig. 2b (male lectotype and female paralectotype from Ecuador, Loja /Zamora, Gaujon coll., deposited in MNHN AR5168; 3 males, 9 females, 8 immatures paralectotypes, same locality as the lectotype, MNHN AR229, here designated; all examined).—Mello-Leit„o 1936: 194.— Bosselaers 2002: figs 3b, 5a–b.— World Spider Catalog 2020.

Acanthoctenus spiniger — Simon 1893: 430 (misindentification).— Griswold 1993: 7 (voucher specimens).— World Spider Catalog 2020.

Note 1. The syntypes were kept together in the MNHN AR229 until A.D. Brescovit separated a female and a male in the MNHN AR5168 , for later designation as lectotype and paralectotype (A.D. Brescovit, personal communication). Bosselaers (2002) examined the MHNH AR5168 and listed the male incorrectly as a holotype, probably following the information on the label of the vial .

Note 2. Simon (1906: 290) described the locality of the syntypes as “ Ecuador merid.: Loja, Zamora” (MNHN AR229 and MNHN AR5168 ). Loja is the capital city of Loja Province [4º00’26.1”S 79º12’40.7”W] and Zamora is the capital city of Zamora Chinchipe Province [4º03’43.6”S 78º56’48.7”W], the southern Provinces of Ecuador. Both cities are separated by 63.5 Km and connected by the Pan-American Highway (National Highway E 45), north to the Podocarpus National Park . It is possible that Gaujon collected the specimens somewhere between those two cities, however there is no information on a specific locality. Thus, we will refer to the locality as Lojas / Zamora and used a middle point in the Pan-American Highway between the two cities [3º58’44.9”S 79º05’06.9”W] to indicate the specimen record in the map ( Fig. 10B ).

Other material examined. ECUADOR, 11 females, 7 males and 9 immatures, collected in Hamburg in banana imports from Ecuador (CeNaK); same data , 2 males (CeNaK); 1 female, V.1954, collected in Frankfurt in banana imports from Ecuador ( SMF 69660) .

Diagnosis. Males of Acanthoctenus gaujoni ( Figs 22 D–E, 23A–B) resemble those of A. manauara sp. nov. ( Figs 44 D–E, 45A–B) by the palpal tibia elongated, at least 2.5 times longer than wide, and RTA elongated, longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the median apophysis suboval, with the apex 1.5 times wider than the base. A. manauara sp. nov. presents a basally thin median apophysis, the apex more than 3 times wider than the base. Females of Acanthoctenus gaujoni ( Figs 23 C–D, 24D, 25A–B) resemble those of A. manauara sp. nov. ( Figs 45 C–D, 46D, 47A–B) by the median sector subpentagonal, wide anteriorly, extending into the atrium, and the copulatory ducts bended apically. It can be distinguished by the lateral sectors’ anterior border forming a 60° angle with the median sector’s longitudinal axis, and the atrium with two strongly scletotized borders anteriorly. A. manauara sp. nov. presents the anterior border of the lateral sectors forming a 40° angle with the median sector’s longitudinal axis, and one anterior strongly sclerotized border in the atrium.

Description. Male (lectotype MNHN AR5168). Total length 12.28. Carapace 5.28 long and 4.64 wide. Clypeus 0.34 high. Eye diameters:AME 0.30, ALE 0.21, PME 0.36, PLE 0.42. Leg measurements: I: femur 9.10/ patella 3.08/ tibia 10.07/ metatarsus 9.50/ tarsus 2.35/ total 34.10; II: 6.11/ 2.95/ 7.81/ 7.31/ 1.98/ 26.16; III: 5.82/ 2.24/ 5.31/ 5.30/ 1.93/ 20.60; IV: 6.57/ 2.33/ 7.23/ 10.07/ 2.60/ 28.80. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v- 2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1-1, r-0-0-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1; metatarsus I and II v2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-1, IV v1-1-1-1-1, p1-1-, r-1-1-1. Palp ( Figs 22 D–E, 25A–B): tibia shorter than cymbium; RTA with large base, tapering to apex; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and curved; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, elongated, narrow at the base and wider at the apex, with a proapical hook.

Female (paralectotype MNHN AR5168). Total length 12.86. Carapace 5.80 long and 4.82 wide. Clypeus 0.32 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.24, PME 0.34, PLE 0.40. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.38/ patella 2.85/ tibia 6.72/ metatarsus 5.52/ tarsus 1.65/ total 23.12; II: 5.77/ 2.56/ 5.42/ 4.86/ 1.67/ 20.28; III: 4.81/ 2.11/ 3.85/ 4.47/ 1.60/ 16.84; IV: 6.22/ 2.21/ 5.09/ absent/ absent. Leg spination: tibia I v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-0-1-1-1, r-0-1-1-1, II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1, r-1-1-0-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p1-1, r1-1; metatarsus I v- 2-2-2-2-2, p-1, r-1-1, II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1-1, r-1-1-1-1, IV absent. Epigynum ( Figs 23D , 24 A–B, 25C–D): median sector subpentagonal, elongated, wide anteriorly extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight; atrium large, subquadrangular; copulatory ducts strongly sclerotized, curved, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.

Variation. Seven males: total body length 9.63–12.91; carapace length 4.43–6.01. Eleven females: total length 15.63–11.21; carapace length 6.75–4.93.

Distribution. Southern Ecuador ( Fig. 10B ).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America.

FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). A–C, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D–E, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral.

FIGURE 23. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, copulatory organs. A–B, male palp (MNHN); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. C–D, female genitalia (MNHN); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal.

FIGURE 24. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). A–C, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral.

FIGURE 25. Acanthoctenus gaujoni, Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings).

FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). A–C, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D–E, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral.

FIGURE 45. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., copulatory organs. A–B, male palp (paratype, IBSP 233864); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. C–D, female genitalia (holotype, CZPB AR126); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal.