Xyleborus cognatus Blandford, 1896

Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. & Cognato, Anthony I., 2020, A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China, ZooKeys 983, pp. 1-442 : 1

Xyleborus cognatus Blandford, 1896 Fig. 88E, F, K

Xyleborus cognatus Blandford, 1896a: 19.

Type material.

Syntypes (NHMUK).

Diagnosis.

2.8-3.1 mm long (mean = 2.96 mm; n = 5); 2.8-3.1 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the protibiae obliquely triangular, broadest at distal 1/3; declivity smooth, shiny (specimen must be dry); large size; declivital interstriae 1 and 3 armed with two or three pairs of large tubercles; interstriae 2 sparsely granulate at declivital summit; and elytra darker on declivity than disc.

This species is very similar to X. perforans with which it has often been treated as a synonym. It is distinguished by the larger size, generally more slender form (vs. 2.67-2.89 × as long as wide), larger interstrial tubercles and typically bicolored elytra.

Similar species.

Xyleborus affinis , X. ferrugineus , X. festivus , X. perforans , X. pfeilii , X. volvulus .

Distribution.

Australia, India (Andaman Is, Bihar, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Indonesia (Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, Sumatra, Sumbawa), East & West Malaysia, Myanmar, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam.

Host plants.

Polyphagous ( Beeson 1930; Browne 1961b; Ohno 1990).

Remarks.

The species is frequently associated with mangrove forests, but also attacks a very wide variety of other trees ( Browne 1961b; Maiti and Saha 2004).

Figures

Figure 88. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Xyleborus affinis, 2.2 - 2.5 mm (A, B, I), X. bidentatus, 3.4 - 3.5 mm (C, D, J), X. cognatus, 2.8 - 3.1 mm (E, F, K), and X. ferrugineus, 2.5 - 3.1 mm (G, H, L).