Adustonotus graziae Bianchi, 2021

Bianchi, Filipe Michels, 2021, A giant within Carpocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Description of Adustonotus graziae sp. nov., Zootaxa 4958 (1), pp. 489-502 : 493-498

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.29
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7112AC4A-326A-42E8-8DF9-8903F350163A
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4711110
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F665879F-837B-B420-EF9C-FD576EADF800
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Adustonotus graziae Bianchi
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Adustonotus graziae Bianchi sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–8 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 ; Table 2)

Holotype. Male. BRAZIL: 1m #, Itatiaya- 1100 m Est. Biologica , 27 - 1 - 33, W. Zikán / Coleção J. F. Zikán / 02517/ CEIOC, 76393.

Paratypes. BRAZIL: 1m #, Passa Quatro, 915m, Sul de Minas, Serra do Cochos [Hw], 31 - XII - 1922, J. F. Zikán / No 53 Br SE, J. F. Zikán / No 210, J. F. Zikán / Coleção J. F. Zikán/ 02522/ CEIOC 76396 ; 1m #, Faz: Santa Rosa, 4-24 Herimpel [Hw]/ 03964; 1f#, Pq. Nac. Itatiaia, Veu de noiva 1100m, RJ - 15 - XII - 1966, H. Reichadt col./ MZUSP / Euschistus (Mitripus) grandis, Rolston, 1978 / AF. Eus 576/ 810, KRB; 1f#, ZaTciv, col. 1954 [Hw]/ CORCOVADO, RIO de JANEIRO, BRASIL/ AF. Eus 2004/ 813 KRB; 1f#, Campos do Jordão, S. Paulo 11. IV.1962, J Halik col. MZUSP / Euschistus (Mitripus) grandis, Rolston, 1978 / AF. Eus 578/ 812, KRB; 1f#, Santa Rosa, 4-24 [Hw]/ 04029

Etymology: I am pleased to dedicate this new species to my friend and Professor Jocelia Grazia. Jo is an exemplary professor who has been committed to entomology for more than five decades.A substantial and significant legacy towards the study of Heteroptera has been produced during this time. To date, she has published more than two hundred scientific papers, and Jo consistently uses her time to inspire and empower students to deepen their knowledge in insects. She, with a twinkle in her eyes, freely shares her expertise to all. I am especially grateful because much of my taxonomic and entomological knowledge was derived directly from my friend Jocelia.

Distribution. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro. ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 )

Description. Coloration ( Figs. 1–2 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 ). Dorsal surface light brown to brown, head and anterior portion of pronotum dark brown to black ( Figs. 1A View FIGURE 1 , 2A View FIGURE 2 ); ventral surface orangish brown to amber ( Fig. 2B–D View FIGURE 2 ). Head: dorsally dark brown with black punctures; ventrally orangish brown to amber with concolorous punctures. Ocelli red to straw yellow. Antennae light brown, basal of antennomeres III and IV, and basal ½ of antennomere V dark brown.

Thorax: anterior half of pronotum dark brown to black, or at least darker than posterior half, anterolateral margin black, cicatrices of pronotum dark reddish brown with 1+1 ivory callus on the inner angles. Scutellum darker basally, becoming lighter toward the apex. Punctures densely grouped at base of exocorium; endocorium mat; membrane of hemelytra translucent brown. Ventrally orangish brown to amber with concolorous punctures; 1+1 at supracoxal cleft of each pair of legs concolorous with the surrounding surface ( Fig. 2B, D–E View FIGURE 2 ), bearing dark brown dots over femora and tibiae. Abdomen: Connexivum dark brown, sometimes bearing a light brown macula mesially. Spiracles black ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ).

Head: Mandibular plates longer than clypeus; both rounded apically; mesial margins of mandibular plates sinuose, sometimes overlapping clypeus apically ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ). Anterior margins of bucculae squared, posterior margins evanescent ( Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 ). Gena flat. Proportion lengths of antennomeres: I<II<III<IV<V. Rostrum slightly surpassing metacoxae. Thorax: anterolateral margins of pronotum mostly serrate. Humeral angles truncate, spatulate, produced anterolaterally, posterior angles sometimes exhibiting a triangular, impunctate projection ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ). Basal angles of scutellum with small fovea; scutellar constriction at apical ⅓. Prosternum and metasternum flat, mesosternum medially carinate, with ridge more pronounced anteriorly. Evaporatorium each extending halfway from ostiole to lateral metapleural margin, present on posterior margin of each mesopleuron; surface impunctate, gyrification covering entire evaporatorium; lateral fold present; peritreme spout-like ( Fig. 2D–E View FIGURE 2 ). Abdomen: Connexiva well exposed.

Female Genitalia ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 ): In posterior view ( Fig. 3A–B View FIGURE 3 ), gonocoxites VIII with sparse, shallow punctures, concolorous with the disc; mesial margins sinuose basally, overlapping at base, posterior margin straight, each with a dark brown spot; posterior margins of gonocoxites VIII biconcave, slightly concave laterally and moderately concave mesially, posterolateral margins acute, not projecting posteriorly, slightly surpassing anterior margins of gonocoxites IX. Gonocoxites IX trapezoid, anterior and posterior margins arched, lateral margins straight; wider than long; surface transversally depressed, with sensilla. In posteroventral view ( Fig. 3E–F View FIGURE 3 ), posterior margins of gonocoxites VIII slightly sinuose, straight mesially, convex posterolaterally; surface uniformly convex. Gonocoxites IX trapezoidal. Laterotergites VIII diamond-shaped, posteriorly triangular, not acute. Laterotergites IX rounded apically, mesial and lateral margins straight, mesial margins distally parallel, lateral margins convergent, apices surpassing tergites VIII; surface of each concave basally. Segment X rectangular, longer than wide. Internal genitalia ( Fig. 3C–D View FIGURE 3 ): Ring sclerites fusiform, rounded; thickening of vaginal intima with posterior region triangular, anterior region rounded, 1+1 secondary thickenings of gonapophyses IX triangular; ductus receptaculi proximally half the length of vesicular area; median wall slightly enlarged basally; ductus receptaculi distally as short as pars intermedialis, distal portion funnel-shaped, less enlarged than capsula seminalis; anterior and posterior annular flanges convergent, both subequal in width; pars intermedialis conical, enlarging apically, apical region membranose. Capsula seminalis globose, slightly larger than posterior annular flange ( Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 ).

Male genitalia ( Figs. 4–7 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 ): Pygophore: In dorsal view ( Figs. 4A View FIGURE 4 , 7A View FIGURE 7 ): ovoid, longer than wide; genital cup not well-exposed. Dorsal rim interrupted by diagonal depressions (i.e., 1+1 triangular notches flanking median projection); median projection of dorsal rim triangular, very short; lateral margins straight, discontinuous near median projection, folding inward at a right angle into genital cup (see below and Fig. 4B, D View FIGURE 4 , 7B View FIGURE 7 ). Ventral rim deeply concave; posterolateral angles well produced posteriorly, triangular, each with a shallow indentation laterally ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ). In posterior view ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 , 7B View FIGURE 7 ): genital cup opening ellipsoid; median projection of dorsal rim with medial U-shaped excavation. Genital cup with two long, blade-like projections, sclerotized superior process of dorsal rim placed distally, continuation of fold of lateral margins; both projections, and surrounding areas covered by shallow grooves ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ). Ventral rim trapezoid, posterolateral angles bent ventrally. In ventral view ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ): punctures dark brown homogeneously scattered. Posterior margin of ventral rim deeply concave medially, U-shape; posterolateral angles triangular, sinuose laterally. Tenth segment: Posterior margin rounded; shallow transverse grooves on basal ⅔; tubercles on apical third slightly developed. Parameres ( Figs. 5 View FIGURE 5 , 7C–D View FIGURE 7 ): In inner and outer lateral views ( Fig. 5B, D View FIGURE 5 , 7D View FIGURE 7 ): Each with crown as long and wide as stem; basal apodeme broad; ventral margin straight, bending nearly at a right angle to posterior margin. Basal process of crown broad, rounded, setae uniformly distributed on basal process dorsolateral surface. Apical process tapering to apex, finger-like; apex conical, inferior portion of outer lateral surface with scale-like microsculptures slightly darker than surface of paramere. Apex of apical process higher than basal process. In dorsal and ventral views ( Fig. 5A, C View FIGURE 5 , 7C View FIGURE 7 ): apical process bent outwardly; parameres divergent. Phallus ( Fig. 6A–C View FIGURE 6 , 7E–F View FIGURE 7 ): phallotheca club-like, enlarging towards apex, with a constriction at basal 1/5; ventral basal processes of phallotheca rounded; dorsal processes of phallotheca divergent, stout, digitiform, bent ventrally, short, not surpassing expanded conjunctiva; vesical process gutter-like; conjunctiva lacking processes; ductus seminis distalis short, slightly exposed beyond margin of phallotheca.

Diagnosis: Adustonotus graziae sp. nov., A. grandis , and A. latus may separated from congeneric species by the large size (usually larger than 11 mm); the scutellum uniformly punctured, lacking clusters of punctures near the base; and the humeral angles truncate and spatulate. Adustonotus grandis and A. graziae sp. nov. have the region near the base of the head dark or fuscous, while A. latus has iridescent greenish spots. Adustonotus graziae sp. nov. is very similar to A. grandis . These species are easily separated by differences in the ventral margins of the pygophores. In A. graziae sp. nov., the ventral rim is deeply concave medially, while in A. grandis , the concavity is broader and more open.

Comments: Adustonotus graziae sp. nov., A. grandis , and A. latus compose a lineage of relatively large species within Adustonotus . These species occur in the subtropical region of the Atlantic Rain forest, the eastern portion of Brazil, and seem to be associated with forest formations. While A. grandis appears to be relatively common in forests with light or moderate disturbance levels (see Bianchi et al. 2014), A. graziae sp. nov. and A. latus appear to be relatively rare species.