Spathius (Spathius) pacoensis, Long & Belokobylskij, 2011

Long, Khuat Dang & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2011, Vietnamese species of the genus Spathius Nees (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) with reduced first radiomedial vein of the forewing, American Museum Novitates 2011 (3721), pp. 1-28 : 22-23

KEY TO SPECIES OF SPATHIUS NEES

WITHOUT FIRST RADIOMEDIAL (2RS) VEIN OF THE FOREWING

1. Face mostly in excessively fine, very dense, and absolutely even transverse aciculation (as gramophone record or disk track) (see Nixon, 1943: 363, fig. 201)................... 2

– Face striate, undulately striate or rugose-areolate with striation, sometimes mostly smooth, never as above. – Metasoma behind petiole entirely smooth......................... 5

2. Nervulus (cu-a) distinctly antefurcal. – Propodeum without areas delineated by carinae. Parallel vein (2CUb) of forewing not interstitial. Mediocubital vein (M+CU) in its distal half distinctly curved to anal vein (1-1A). Basoventral tubercles of hind coxa absent. Terga of metasoma behind petiole densely aciculate. (Subgenus Antespathius Belokobylskij ). – Vietnam......................................... S. (An.) buonluoicus Belokobylskij

– Nervulus (cu-a) distinctly postfurcal or sometimes interstitial (figs. 22, 35)........... 3

3. Parallel vein (2CUb) interstitial (fig. 35). Second radial abscissa (3RSa) of forewing 0.5× as long as third abscissa (3RSb) (fig. 35). Pterostigma pale in apical 0.3 (fig. 35). Hind coxa without basoventral corner (fig. 31). Occipital carina joined below with hypostomal carina. Precoxal sulcus long, running along almost entire lower part of mesopleuron (fig. 30). Second tergum smooth basally (fig. 33). – Vietnam........ S. (S.) pacoensis , new species

– Parallel vein (2CUb) not interstitial (fig. 22). Second radial abscissa (3RSa) of forewing 0.75–0.9× as long as third abscissa (3RSb) (fig. 22). Pterostigma dark in apical 0.3 (fig. 22). Hind coxa with rather distinct basoventral corner (fig. 19). Occipital carina not joined below with hypostomal carina. Precoxal sulcus short, running along anterior 0.5–0.6 of lower part of mesopleuron (fig. 18). Second tergum usually striate basally (fig. 25)..... 4

4. Radial vein (R) arising from middle of pterostigma. Petiole of metasoma short, 2.0–2.4× longer than apical width. Median length of second and third terga combined 1.3–1.5× basal width of second tergum. Basal carina of propodeum short, almost equal to sides of anterior fork of areola. Terga behind petiole mainly smooth. – Japan (Ryukyu).................................................................. S. (S.) omotodakus Belokobylskij

– Radial vein (R) arising distinctly behind middle of pterostigma (fig. 22). Petiole of metasoma long, 2.7× longer than apical width (fig. 25). Median length of second and third terga combined 1.7× basal width of second tergum (fig. 25). Basal carina of propodeum long, 2.5× longer than sides of anterior fork of areola. Terga behind petiole mainly very dense and fine coriaceous (fig. 25). – Vietnam.............. S. (S.) maichauensis , new species

5. Hypoclypeal depression narrow and strongly transverse, width much larger than distance from edge of depression to margin of eye (figs. 1, 60). Postpectal carina present at least medially (fig. 67). First (R) and second (3RSa) abscissae of radial vein of forewing situated usually in almost single line (figs. 12, 45, 69) ( S. antennalis Szépligeti species group)... 6

– Hypoclypeal depression wide and subround or more or less oval, width not larger than distance from edge of depression to margin of eye (fig. 48). Postpectal carina always absent (fig. 54). First (R) and second (3RSa) abscissae of radial vein of forewing forming distinct obtuse angle (fig. 58)........................................................... 8

6. Petiole (lateral view) distinctly thickened and strongly curved in basal half (fig. 44). Areola of propodeum narrow (fig. 39). – Dorsal margin of hind tibia with only long setae (fig. 43). – Vietnam............................................. S. (S.) sterlingi , new species

– Petiole (lateral view) less distinctly thickened and not strongly curved in basal half (figs. 10, 72). Areola of propodeum wide (figs. 4, 66)................................... 7

7. Face weakly and incompletely sculptured (fig. 1). Head below eyes (front view) strongly narrowed (fig. 1). Malar space long, 0.4× eye height (fig. 1). Hypoclypeal depression narrow, width 1.4–1.8× distance from edge of depression to eye (fig. 1). Metasoma behind petiole long, petiole 0.9–1.05× as long as remaining metasomal terga combined (figs. 10, 11). – Vietnam...................................... S. (S.) alahamatus , new species

– Face entirely sculptured, striate with rugulosity (fig. 60). Head below eyes (front view) less strongly narrowed (fig. 60). Malar space short, 0.2× eye height (fig. 60). Hypoclypeal depression wide, width 2.1–2.3× distance from edge of depression to eye (fig. 60). Metasoma behind petiole short, petiole 1.2–1.4× longer than remaining metasomal terga combined (figs. 71, 72). – Vietnam......................... S. (S.) tramlapus , new species

8. Basoventral tubercles on hind coxa distinct. Parallel vein (2CUb) of forewing not interstitial. Radial vein (R) arising distinctly before middle of pterostigma. Setae on dorsal margin of hind tibia short, length 0.2–0.4× maximum width of tibia. Petiole short and wide, length 1.6× apical width. ( S. fasciatus Walker species group). – Japan (Honshu)......................................................... S. (S.) alevtinae Belokobylskij and Maeto

– Basoventral tubercles on hind coxa absent. Parallel vein (2CUb) of forewing usually interstitial (except for S. subanervis , sp. nov.). Radial vein (R) arising almost from the middle of pterostigma (fig. 58). Setae on dorsal margin of hind tibia long, length 0.8–1.4× maximum width of tibia (fig. 56). Petiole long and rather narrow, length 2.0–2.7× apical width (fig. 53)................................................. (subgenus Ambispathius )

9. Propodeum with long and pointed lateral tubercles, without areas delineated by carinae and rugose-areolate basally (figs. 54, 55). First flagellomere 1.4× longer than second flagellomere (fig. 52). Parallel vein (2CUb) of forewing not interstitial (fig. 58). – Frons and vertex entirely smooth (figs. 48, 49). – Vietnam......... S. (Am.) subanervis , new species

– Propodeum without or with short and obtuse lateral tubercles, with areas distinctly delineated by carinae, smooth or granulate basally. First flagellomere equal to or 1.1–1.2× longer than second flagellomere. Parallel vein (2CUb) of forewing usually interstitial....... 10

10. Eyes distinctly setose. Transverse diameter of eye (dorsal view) almost equal to length of temple. Malar space 0.5× height of eye. Length of mesosoma 2.2× height. Length of first metasomal tergum almost twice apical width. Mesoscutum entirely smooth. – Fiji......................................................... S. (Am.) anervis Belokobylskij

– Eyes glabrous. Transverse diameter of eye (dorsal view) about twice length of temple. Malar space 0.3× height of eye. Length of mesosoma 1.6× height. Length of first metasomal tergum 2.7× apical width. Mesoscutum entirely granulate. – Malaysia........................................................................ S. (A.) sabahus Belokobylskij