Enhypnon laticeps Carter

Turco, Federica, Ślipiński, Adam & Lambkin, Christine L., 2013, Enhypnon Carter: a taxonomic revision of an endemic Australian genus of ground-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae), Zootaxa 3681 (4), pp. 371-394 : 379-385

Enhypnon laticeps Carter

( Figs 1 c, 2e, 4e, 5e, 6e, 7d)

Enhypnon laticeps Carter, 1919: 144 .

Types. Lectotype. Tasmania: Cradle Mountain, Strahan and Waratah, coll. Carter [GE: 41.686S 145.951E] (MVMA, T-3872, here designated).

Paralectotype. Tasmania: Waratah, Lea & Carter (1 ANIC, here designated)

Other specimens examined. Tasmania: Cradle Mtn. Camp Ground, 41.35S 145.56E, 880 m, 18.xi.1989, Site 1, Tube 306, moss on logs, R. Coy [Ga: 41.583S 145.933E] (3, ANIC); 4 km SSE of Mt. Rufus, 42.10S 146.07E, 800 m, 28.i.1980, Nothofagus litter & moss, J. Lawrence & T. Weir (4, ANIC); Lower Gordon R. (42.43S 145.50E), ii.1978, litter, Howard & Hill (1, ANIC); same locality, i.1977, moss, Howard & Hill (1, ANIC); same locality, i.1977, beating, Howard & Hill (1, ANIC); same locality (42.31S 145.45E 42.32S 145.47E), ii.1978, litter, Howard & Hill (1, ANIC); same locality (42.35S 145.42E 42.34S 145.43E), i.1976, moss, Howard & Hill (1, ANIC); same locality (42.38S 145.53E 42.37S 145.56E), ii.1978, litter, Howard & Hill (1, ANIC); same locality (42.42S 145.53E 42.41.5S 145.53E), ii.1977, moss, Howard & Hill (1, ANIC); same locality (42.43S 145.45E) (42.43S 145.50E), i.1977, moss ZL 2400, Howard & Hill, Survey (2, ANIC); same locality (42.51.5S 145.48E 42.50.5S 145.51.5E), ii.1976, litter, Howard & Hill (2, ANIC); same locality (42.56S 145.50E 42.54S 145.54E), ii.1977, litter, Howard & Hill (3, ANIC); Rufus Canal 13,5 km WNW Derwent Bridge, 800 m, 26–28.i.1980, Nothofagus rainf., berlesed forest litter, A. Newton & M. Thayer [GE: 42.105S 146.075E] (1, ANIC); Spero River, 42.38S 145.22E, 25.ii.1989, Tube 55, rainforest litter, J. Marsden-Smedley (1, ANIC); Strahan, in moss and lichens, Lea & Carter [Ga: 42.15S 145.317E] (4, SAMA); Lake St Clair N.P., Mt Rufus track North, 42°6’56’’S 146°6’6’’E, 13.III.2008, M. Wanat, sifted litter, Nothofagus forest (1, QMBA ethanol coll.).

Diagnosis. Among the species with low tubercles on elytra, Enhypnon laticeps is similar to E. simplex in having lateral angles of clypeus acute and pronotal lateral margins obsolete. It can be distinguished by the frons strongly concave, frontal ridge sinuate and pronotum with a medial depressed area.

Redescription. Body length: 2.35 – 2.85 mm; body maximum width (elytra): 1.25 – 1.5 mm.

Body: small, compact and distinctly convex, often covered with a thin layer of dirt; colour uniformly dark brown; vestiture consiting of fine and recumbent whitish setae, denser on elytral tubercles, longer around antennomeres III – XI.

Head: surface coarsely sub-rugose; maximum width at eyes (0.70 – 0.85 mm), abruptly constricted behind eyes; frons strongly concave between eyes ( Fig. 2 e); frontal ridge weakly sinuate in frontal view, thicker in front of eyes above antennal insertion; clypeus anteriorly straight, well separated, relatively narrow (ratio clypeus width/head max. width: 0.39 – 0.40) and with acute lateral angles; eyes large, protruding and coarsely faceted; antenna 11- segmented with a loose and weakly developed 2-segmented club; antennomere I sub-oval and about 1.5 times as long as wide, about 1.5 times as long and twice as thick as II; III distinctly thin, elongate, 1.5 times as long as II; IV – V elongate and progressively shorter; VI – VIII short and rounded; VIII – X cupuliform and strongly increasing in size; XI as wide as X, rounded and weakly pointed. Last maxillary palpomere elongate and relatively thick, ventral side distinctly wide at base (see arrow, Fig. 6 e).

Pronotum: obsolete margins, not visible from above; widest at middle and distinctly constricted posteriorly; surface coarsely sub-rugose, with a medial depressed area and obsolete tubercles.

Leg: simple; tarsomeres not transverse.

Elytra: very low sub-apical tubercles on intervals 3 (two), 5 (one) and 7 (one); additional low and long tubercles in the basal half of elytra only traceable for the denser recumbent setae; punctures regular and clearly visible.

Distribution. Tasmania ( Fig. 7 d).

Enhypnon latitarsis Turco and Ś lipi ń ski sp. n. ( Figs 3 c, 4i, 5i, 6i, 9)

Types. Holotype. Australia, New South Wales: Clyde Mt. Rainf. 23 km SE Braidwood, 750 m, 1.ix.1982, litter and rotten wood, SBP120, S. & J. Peck [GE: 35.549S 150.014E] (ANIC).

Paratypes. no data (1, MVMA T-17409). Australian Capital Territory: Mt. Ginini, Brindabella Range ACT, 16.x.1979, leaf litter, J. Lawrence & T. Weir [Ga: 35.533S 148.767E] (2, ANIC). New South Wales: Same data as the holotype (5, ANIC); 1 km NNW The Castle nr. Yadboro, 35.17S 150.11E, 16.viii.1982, Berlesate 853 litter under Melaleuca , Banksia etc, L. Hill (1, ANIC); Badja SF, Badja Fire Trail, site 2, 36:7:30S 149:31:37E, 13.iii.1999, J. Tarnawski & S. Lassau (3, AMSA; K131956 – 8); Badja SF, Badja Rd, -36:10:51 149:29:45, 13.iii.1999, L. Wilkie, R. Harris & H. Smith, CBCR003 – 0 89 (1, AMSA; K131961); Badja SF, Wiola Ck Fire Trail, site 3, -36:5:24 149:34:51, 13.iii.1999, J. Tarnawski & S. Lassau, CBCR003 – 0 26 (1, AMSA; K131960); Brown Mt., Rutherford Creek, 9.i.68, Berlesate No 55 rainforest leafmould, M. Upton [Ga: 36.6S 149.433E] (1, ANIC); same locality, 2700 ft, 9.xii.1967, rainforest, Taylor & Brooks [Ga: 36.533S 149.267E] (1, ANIC); same locality, 15.i.1969, Berlesate No.129, rainforest litter, S.R. Curtis [Ga: 36.533S 149.267E] (2, ANIC); Brown Mt., 36.35S 149.20E, 29.vii.71, ex grass tussocks, S. Misko (2, ANIC); same locality, 2700 ft, 5.i.67, rainforest, ex rotten log, R.W.T. [Ga: 33.433S 149.733E] (2, ANIC); same locality, 3000 ft, 5.i.67, rainforest, leafmould, R.W.T. [Ga: 33.433S 149.733E] (1, ANIC); same locality, 2800 – 3000', 11.iv.1967, Berlesate No 24 rainforest leafmould, R.W. Taylor & R.J. Bartell [Ga: 33.433S 149.733E] (1, ANIC); same locality, 3000 ft, 9.xii.1967, Berlesate No 42 rainforest leafmould, Taylor & Brooks [Ga: 33.433S 149.733E] (5, ANIC); same locality, 2800 ft, 30.iii.67, Berlesate No 20, rainforest leafmould, R.W.T. & R.J.B. [Ga: 33.433S 149.733E] (5, ANIC); Clyde Mt., 720 m, 14.iv.1970, Berlesate No 246, rainforest, E.F. Reik [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (5, ANIC); same locality, 2200ft, 21.iii.67, Berlesate No 18, rainforest leafmould, R.W.T. & R.J.B. [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (7, ANIC); same locality, 700 m, 3.iii.70, Berlesate No 266, rainforest, Sybil Curtis [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (2, ANIC); same locality, 2300ft, 24.xii.66, Berlesate No 1 rainforest leafmould, R.W.T. [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (1, ANIC); same locality, 2400ft, 24.xii.66, Berlesate No 2, rainforest leafmould, R.W.T. [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (13, ANIC); same locality, 2400ft, 21.iii.67, wet sclerophyl, Berlesate No. 19, R.W.T. & R.J.B. [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (4, ANIC); same locality, summit, 9.xi.1981, Berlesate No. 746, litter & moss, I.D. Naumann & J.C. Cardale [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (1, ANIC); same locality, c. 2400ft, 24.xii.1966, berlesate No 2, R.W. Taylor [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (3, HNHM); Clyde Mt., 2300' via Braidwood, 26 – 27.x.1968, G. Monteith [GE: 35.549S 150.014E] (3, ANIC; 3, UQIC); Deua N.P., Dampier Mt Fire Trail, site 4, -35:58:26 149:41:20, 11.iii.1999, J. Tarnawski & S. Lassau, CBCR003 – 0 22 (1, AMSA; K277889); Macquarie Pass N.P., 13.vii.1983, FMHD #83 – 259, rainforest litter, L.E. Watrous [Ga: 34.567S 150.65E] (1, FMNH); same locality, 14.vii.1983, rainforest litter, L. E. Watrous, FMHD #83 – 264 (1, FMNH); Tallaganda S.F., Rocky Pic Rd, site 3, -35:37:8 149:30:17, 15.iii.1999, J. Tarnawski & S. Lassau, CBCR003 – 0 36 (2, AMSA; K131959, K131962). Victoria: Aust. Alps,. i.1939, C. Oke (1, MVMA T-17408); Balook, C. Oke (4, MVMA T-17403 – 6); Lorne, Apr 1944, C. Oke (1, MVMA T-17407); Otway N.P., Binn Rd., 4.3 km N Cape Horn, 808, 390 m, 38.43S 143.35E, 25.i – 8.ii.1987, wet sclerophyl forest, FMHD #87 – 212 Berl. leaf & log litter, A. Newton & M. Thayer (1, ANIC); Otways, Mt Sabine, 38°38’S 143°43’E, 585 m, 6.xi.1997, 5660, rainforest, pyrethrum, G. Monteith (2, QMBA); Otways, Melba Gully, 38°42’S 143°23’E, 350 m, 5.xi.1997, 5658, rainforest, pyrethrum, G. Monteith (4, QMBA); Otways, Grey River crossing, 38°39’ S 14350’E, 250 m, 7.xi.1997, 5659, rainforest, pyrethrum, G. Monteith (3, QMBA); Otways Ra., Grey River Res., 38°39’S 143°50’E, 250 m, 6.xi.1997, QM berlesate 945, temperate rainforest, moss from trees, G.B. & S.R. Monteith (1, QMBA); Otway Ra., Mait’s Rest, 38°45’S 143°35’E, 160 m, 4.xi.1997, QM berlesate 940, Nothofagus rainforest, moss from trees, G.B. & S.R. Monteith (1, QMBA); Otway Ra., W Lavers Hill, 10.iii.1979 [GE: 38.679S 143.383E] (2, HNHM).

Other specimens examined. New South Wales: Brown Mt., 2600 – 3000', 11.iv.67, Berlesate No 24, rainforest leafmould, R.W. Taylor & R.J. Bartell (2, ANIC; 1, HNHM); same locality, c. 2800ft, 30.iii.1967, Berlesate No 20, rainforest leafmould, R.W. Taylor & R.J. Bartell [Ga: 33.433S 149.733E] (1, HNHM); same locality, c. 2400ft, 11.iv.1967, Berlesate No 19, wet sclerophyl leafmould, R.W. Taylor & R.J. Bartell [Ga: 33.433S 149.733E] (1, HNHM); Brown Mt., nr. Nimmitabel, Rutherford Ck, 820 m, 26.v.70, Berlesate No. 285 – 286, rainforest, R.W.T. & R. Bartell [Ga: 36.533S 149.267E] (5, ANIC); same locality, 910 m [Ga: 36.533S 149.267E] (4, ANIC); Cambewarra Mt., 6 mi. NW of Nowra 2000 ft, 5.v.1969, Berlesate No.138, rainforest, Britton & Upton [GE: 34.834S 150.519E] (4, ANIC); Cambewarra Mt., 12.vi.1983, FMHD #83 – 227 rainforest litter nr spring, L.E. Watrous [Ga: 34.8S 150.583E] (1, FMNH); Clyde Mt., 500 – 600 m, 4.ix.1982, Berlesate No. 851 closed forest litter, L. Hill [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (1, ANIC); Clyde Mt., 720 m, 14.iv.1970, Berlesate No 246, rainforest, E.F. Reik [Ga: 35.55S 149.95E] (1, ANIC); Clyde Mt., rd Canberra to Batemans Bay, 17 – 20.xii.86, Burckhardt (2, ANIC); Depot Beach, Kiola St. For, 17 – 19.xii.86, Burckhardt (2, ANIC); Fitzroy Falls, at foot Upton, Mound, 31.i.1968, leafmould rainforest [Ga: 34.65S 150.483E] (4, ANIC); Glenbog S. F., 36.35S 149.23E, S. Cameron & K. Dimes (1, QMBA ethanol coll.); Macquarie Pass N.P., 7 km ENE Robertson, 34.34S 150.40E, 8.ii.1984, I.D. Naumann (2, ANIC); Monga, 27.ii.1968, rainforest, Berlesate No. 72, Upton & Mound [Ga: 35.583S 149.917E] (2, ANIC). Victoria: Acheron Gap, nr Warburton, 750 m, 28 – 30.iv.1978, Nothofagus litter, S. & J. Peck (1, ANIC); Acheron Gap, NE of Warburton, 813, 750 m, 37.41S 145.44E, 27.i – 9.ii.1987, A. Newton & M. Thayer (3, ANIC); Baw Baw Alpine Res., 1.2 km NE Neulynes Mill, 816, 37.51S 146.15E, 1145 m, 29.i – 10.ii.1987, A. Newton & M. Thayer (7, ANIC); Baw Baw Alpine Res., 0.7 km NE Neulynes Mill, 930, 37.51S 146.15E, 1035 m, 26.ii.1993, Euc. delegatensis forest, w/ Nothof. Cunn., pyr. Fogging large old fungusy Euc. logs, A. Newton & M. Thayer (1, ANIC); Ben Cairn, NE slope, NW Warburton, 820, 37.43S 145.37E, 960 m, 30.i – 11.ii.1987, A. Newton & M. Thayer (1, ANIC); Bulga N.P, 550 m, 17.v.1978, log litter and fungi, S. & J. Peck [Ga: 38.417S 146.583E] (2, ANIC); Cement Ck. 5 km N of Warburton, 37.43S 145.42E, 17.i.1978, berlesed from log & leaf litter, J. Lawrence & T. Weir (1, ANIC); Cement Creek N of Warburton 814, 625 m, 37.43S 145.42E, 27.i – 11.ii.1987, Euc. regnans -Noth. cunn. FMHD #87 – 234 Berlesate leaf & log litter, A. Newton & M. Thayer (4, ANIC); Cement Ck. 6 km N of Warburton, 12.xi.1991, dead ferns & tree limbs, M.A. & L.L. Ivie (25, ANIC); Cobon North Coupe, 37.23S 148.56E, 513.03 M/slope site, pitfall traps 16 – 22, VAUS Exp. Study, i.1992, R. Coy (2, ANIC); Cumberland Valley Reserve wet sclerophyl, 920 m, 4.xi.1970, Berlesate 297, R.W. Taylor & R.J. Bartell [Ga: 38.567S 143.95E] (1, ANIC); Cumberland Ck. 13 km ESE of Marysville, 37.34S 145.53E, 18.i.1978, berlesed from log & leaf litter, J. Lawrence & T. Weir (2, ANIC); Cumberland Scenic Res. (nr Cambarville), Cora Lyn Falls Track, 880 m, 37.34S 145.53E, 17 – 27.ii.1993, Eucalyptus regnans forest, w Noth. Cunn. 935, FMHD #93 – 111, ex window trap, A. Newton & M. Thayer (1, ANIC); Haines Junct. 1.9 km W. on Turtons Track 809, 525 m, 38.39S 143.42E, 25.i – 8.ii.1987, wet sclerophyl forest, FMHD #87 – 214, carrion trap (squid), A. Newton & M. Thayer (4, ANIC); same locality, 25.i – 8.ii.1987, wet sclerophyl forest, FMHD #87 – 215, Berl. leaf & log litter, A. Newton & M. Thayer (1, ANIC); Keppel Falls, Scenic Res. (ENE Marysville), Myrtle Loop Tr., 37.29S 145.50E, 780 m, 16.ii.1993, 932, A. Mewton & M. Thayer (1, ANIC); Lorne,. iv.44, C. Oke (1, ANIC); Maryville, 10 km E, 27.xi.1986, Burckhardt (6, ANIC); Mt. Donna Buang summit, 1250 m, 14 – 17.i.80, Eucalyptus woodland ex moss, A. Newton & M. Thayer [Ga: 37.7S 145.683E] (1, ANIC); Myrtle Gully Res., NW Warburton, 819, 1000 m, 37.43S 145.38E, 30.i – 9.ii.1987, Noth. cunn. & Euc. regnans , FMHD #87 – 249, Berl. leaf & log litter, A. Newton & M. Thayer (3, ANIC); Otway N.P., Binn Rd., 4.3 km N Cape Horn, 808, 390 m, 38.43S 143.35E, 25.i – 8.ii.1987, wet sclerophyl forest, FMHD #87 – 212 Berl. leaf & log litter, A. Newton & M. Thayer (1, ANIC); Wilson's Prom N.P., Lilly Pilly Tr, 14.v.1978, log litter and fungi, S. & J. Peck [Ga: 39.021S 146.331E] (8, ANIC).

Diagnosis. Among the species with low tubercles on elytra, Enhypnon latitarsis is distinct in having an elongate body shape, pronotum explanate and parallel-sided and elytra with elongate tubercles on interval 5, resembling an interrupted costa.

In some specimens from NSW the pronotum is only weakly explanate and the body is more slender.

Description. Body length: 2.15 – 2.85 mm; body maximum width (elytra): 0.9 – 1.2 mm.

Body: small, compact and distinctly convex, usually covered with a thin layer of dirt; colour from uniformly light brown to distinctly bicoloured with patterned elytra and sides of pronotum ( Figs 3 c, 4i); vestiture consiting of dense, fine and short recumbent setae, sparser on elytra; longer and filiform around antennomeres III – XI.

Head: surface coarsely sub-rugose; maximum width at eyes (0.58 – 0.73 mm), abruptly constricted behind eyes; frons widely concave between eyes with two distinct admedian impressions; frontal ridge weakly sinuate in frontal view, thicker in front of eyes above antennal insertion; clypeus anteriorly sinuate, wide (ratio clypeus width/head max. width: 0.55 – 0.60) and with obtuse lateral angles; eyes protruding and coarsely faceted; antenna 11-segmented with a loose and weakly developed 2-segmented club; antennomere I thick, about 1.5 times as long as wide and 1.5 times as long as II; I – III progressively and distinctly thinner; III about as long as II; III – V elongate and progressively shorter; VI – IX cupuliform and weakly increasing in size; X cupuliform and relatively narrow (less than 1.5 times as wide as IX); XI as wide as X, sub - oval, slightly elongate. Last maxillary palpomere thick, short and wide (see Fig. 6 i).

Pronotum: explanate and parallel-sided; surface coarsely sub-rugose with no tubercles; margin distinctly microdenticulate.

Leg: simple; tarsomeres I – III strongly transverse and lobed below.

Elytra: low tubercles on intervals 3, 5 and 7, particularly long on interval 5 almost resembling an interrupted costa ( Fig. 3 c).

Etymology. The name latitarsis derives from the Latin adjective latus (= wide) and masculine noun tarsus (= foot) in the ablative case and it refers to the distinctively transverse tarsi.

Distribution. ACT, New South Wales and Victoria ( Fig. 9 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus, drawings by Sybil Curtis: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. laticeps. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. horridum; d. E. kosciuszko; e. E. laticeps; f. E. punctatum. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3. Dorsal habitus: a. Enhypnon simplex; b. E. squamosum; c. E. latitarsis; d. E. tuberculatum. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 6. Maxillary palps: a. Enhypnon cordicollis; b. E. costatum; c. E. horridum; d. E. kosciuszko; e. E. laticeps; f. E. punctatum; g. E. simplex; h. E. squamosum; i. E. latitarsis; j. E. tuberculatum. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Distribution map of Enhypnon species endemic to Tasmania.

FIGURE 9. Distribution map of Enhypnon latitarsis.