CRASSATELLIDAE Férussac, 1822

Coan, Eugene V., Pacaud, Jean-Michel & Kabat, Alan R., 2024, Gérard-Paul Deshayes (1796 - 1875) and his taxa, Geodiversitas 46 (16), pp. 553-930 : 728-730

Family CRASSATELLIDAE Férussac, 1822

angusta , Crassatella –Deshayes, 1857-TraitElem: 114. — Type locality: London. — Type age: “argile”; Eocene (Ypresian). — Current status: taxon inquirendum.

bellovacina , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-TraitElem: 113.1860-DescrCoqFoss: 742-743. This species was based on Deshayes’ figures of Crassatella sulcata Lamarck, 1805 , of his first Paris Basin edition (1824-DescrCoqFoss: 34-35, 2, pl. 3, figs 1-3). — Type localities: Abbecourt & Bracheux. — Type age: Paleocene (Thanetian). Deshayes evidently believed that the two species were separable. Tellina sulcata Solander in Brander, 1766 (Brander 1766: 37, pl. 7, fig. 89) is an Eocene Crassatella from Hampshire, England. Crassatella sulcata Lamarck, 1801 ( Lamarck 1801: 119), was a nomen nudum. Crassatella sulcata Lamarck, 1805 ( Lamarck 1805: 408-409) was then made available for the Paris Basin material from Bracheux, but his name cannot be used because it was a junior homonym. Lamarck also mentioning living material collected by Péron in “ New Holland ”. Nyst (1845a: 84-85) proposed Crassatella landinensis as a new, unfigured fossil species from Landen, Netherlands. Nyst (1847: 122-123, 128-129) then proposed Crassatella lamarckii as a replacement name for Lamarck’s junior homonym. d’Orbigny (1850b: 305, no. 149) proposed Crassatella subsulcata as a new species for the same Lamarck species, thinking that Lamarck was misusing the Solander species. Pacaud (2007: 58) proposed using Crassatella (Landina) landinensis Nyst, 1845 , for the Paris Basin fossil, without mentioning Crassatella lamarckii Nyst, 1847 . — Current status: the oldest available name for the Paris Basin species is Crassatella landinensis Nyst, 1845 .

curata, Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-DescrCoqFoss: 20, pl. 20, figs 6-8; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 743-744. — Type localities: Mouchy-le-Châtel, Parnes, Chaussy, Chaumont-en-Vexin, Fontenay-Saint-Père. Gomerfontaine, Vaudancourt & Hautteville-Bocage. — Type age: Eocene (Lutetian). — Current status: Bathytormus curatus (Deshayes, 1857) ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 93; Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79; Pacaud 2008: 84).

desmaresti , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1866b: 330, 332, 337-338, pl. 7, fig. 3. — Type locality: Montmartre (Paris), Argenteuil. — Type age: Eocene (Priabonian). — Type material: UCBL-EM 36201, syntype. Bathytormus desmaresti (Deshayes, 1866) ( Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79) . — Current status: Crassatella (Bathytormus) desmaresti Deshayes, 1866 ( Berezovsky 2018: 1254, fig. 7, subgenus misspelled “ Bathytormys ”).

dilatata , Crassatella –Deshayes, 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 744-745. Based on 1824-DescrCoqFoss: 37, pl. 5, figs 3-4, as Crassatella compressa Lamarck, 1805 . — Type localities: Courtagnon, Cumières, Damery, Fleury-la-Rivière, Thiverval-Grignon, Liancourt-Saint-Pierre & Montmirail; Barton-on-Sea & Southampton ( England). — Type age: Eocene (Lutetian). Crassatella (Bathytomus) dilatata Deshayes, 1860 ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 93). — Current status: Bathytormus dilatatus (Deshayes, 1857) ( Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79; Pacaud 2008: 84; Courville et al. 2012: 59, pl. 1, figs 9-10).

distincta , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-DescrCoqFoss: 20, pl. 20, figs 20-21; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 742. — Type locality: Parnes. — Type age: Eocene (Lutetian).— Current status: synonym of Crassatella (Pachythaerus) gibbosula Lamarck, 1805 ( Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79).

donacialis, Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-DescrCoqFoss: 20, pl. 20, figs 15-17; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 746-747. — Type localities: Auvers-sur-Oise, Beauval, Mary-sur-Marne, Vendrest, Beaucouvillers, Le Fayel, Betz, Chéry-Chartreuve & La Palarea. — Type age: Eocene (Bartonian). Crassatella (Bathytormus) tenuistriata [Deshayes, 1824] donacialis Deshayes, 1857 ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 96). — Current status: Bathytormus tenuistriata [Deshayes, 1824] donacialis (Deshayes, 1857) ( Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79).

grignonensis , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-DescrCoqFoss: 20, pl. 20, figs 3-5; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 748-749. — Type localities: Thiverval-Grignon, Parnes & Damery. — Type age: Eocene (Lutetian). Bracklesham ( England). — Current status: Bathytormus tenuistriata [Deshayes, 1824] grignonensis (Deshayes, 1857) ( Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79) ; Bathytormus grignonensis (Deshayes, 1857) ( Pacaud 2008: 84) .

lamarckii , Crassatella – see next entry.

lamarkii, Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-TraitElem: 113, non Nyst, 1847. — Type locality: Australia. — Type age: Recent. Deshayes’ species name should be automatically corrected to C. lamarckii because it was proposed in connection with Lamarck’s species (ICZN Code Art. 32.5), whose name he spelled correctly, the misspelling clearly being a typographical error. However, the rest of the nomenclatural situation is complex. Deshayes said that he was proposing this name for living material from Australia that had been referred to as Crassatella sulcata Lamarck, 1805 . ( Crassatella sulcata Lamarck, 1801 , was a nomen nudum.) While Lamarck’s name was a junior secondary homonym (non Solander, in Brander, 1766 – Tellina ), it was originally based on Paris Basin fossil material. Lamarck (1805) had mentioned material from Australia, considering it to be an “analogue” of his fossil material. The name by Deshayes, is itself a junior homonym. Later, Lamarck (1818: 481-482) applied his fossil name to Recent specimens from Australia, but this does not create a homonym; it is just a misapplication of his fossil species name. — Type locality: Australia. — Type age: Recent. — Current status: Deshayes’ taxon is thus a junior synonym of the Australian Eucrassatella decipiens (Reeve, 1842) [ Crassatella ]. minor , Crassatella plumbea [“Chemnitz”] –Deshayes, 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 737. — Type localities: Soissons & Laon. — Type age: Eocene (Ypresian). (1824-DescrCoqFoss: 33, “Var. B. Testá minore ”). The first available name for the underlying, separable “Chemnitz” fossil species is Crassatella ponderosa (Gmelin, 1791) [ Venus ]. — Current status: Crassatella (Crassatella) minor Deshayes, 1860 ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 91; Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79).

nystii , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-TraitElem: 114. Based on what Nyst (1845a: 86-87, pl. 2, fig. 4a-b) figured as Crassatella tenuistriata Deshayes, 1824 . — Type localities: Jette, Laeken & Éverlé near Louvain, Belgium. — Type age: Eocene (Bartonian). — Current status: synonym of Crassatella nystiana d’Orbigny, 1850b (d’Orbigny 1850b: 383, no. 906) (Pacaud 2007: 57).

plicatilis , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1857-DescrCoqFoss: 18, pl. 18, figs 26-27; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 745. — Type locality: Brasles. — Type age: Eocene (Lutetian). — Type material: MNHN.F.J04145, syntype. — Current status: synonym of Crassatella dilatatata Deshayes, 1860 ( Cossmann 1887: 83) .

rostrata , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1824-DescrCoqFoss: 35, 2, pl. 3, figs 6-7, not preoccupied by Crassatella rostrata Lamarck, 1805 ( Lamarck 1805: 408), a nomen nudum, but preoccupied by Lamarck (1818: 482), a living Caribbean species;1830b-EncyMeth: 22. — Type localities: Mouchy-le-Châtel & Senlis.— Type age: Eocene (Lutetian-Bartonian).Listed as Crassatella rostralis Deshayes, 1860 -DescrCoqFoss: 748, presumably to rename the homonym, but without indication of the homonymy. A species of this genus had earlier been illustrated as Crassatella deshaysiana Chenu, 1843 ( Crassatella pl. 5, fig. 4-4b), without indication that it was intended to be a replacement name, and it depicts a species with a much shorter posterior end; it has been emended by later authors to C. deshayesiana on the grounds that it was an obvious spelling error. Because there was no accompanying text by Chenu, one can only surmise that it may have been a different fossil species. Deshayes’ homonym was renamed as Crassatella deshayesiana Nyst, 1847 ( Nyst 1847: 122-123), but this would be a junior homonym of Chenu’s species. Bathytormus deshaysianus ( Chenu, 1843) ( Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 789) . — Current status: Bathytormus rostralis (Deshayes, 1860) ( Pacaud & Le Renard 1995: 187) .

rostralis , Crassatella – see above.

sinuosa , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1824-DescrCoqFoss: 38, 3, pl. 5, figs 8-10; 1830b-EncyMeth: 22; 1835-HistNatAnim2: 115-116; 1839-HistNatAnim3: 540; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 741. — Type localities: Chaumont-en-Vexin & Monneville. — Type age: Eocene (Lutetian-Bartonian). — Current status: Crassatella (Crassatella) sinuosa Deshayes, 1824 ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 92; Glibert 1980: 19-20; Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79; Pacaud 2008: 84).

scutellaria , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1825-DictClass: pl. [77], fig. 4a, b; 1825-DictClass5: 33-34; 1831-DictClass17: 118; 1824-DescrCoqFoss: 39, 3, pl. 5, figs 1-2; 1830b-EncyMeth: 21; 1835-HistNatAnim2: 115; 1839-HistNatAnim3: 540; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 740. — Type localities:Abbecourt & Bracheux.— Type age: Paleocene (Thanetian). — Current status: Crassatella scutellaria Deshayes, 1825 ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 92; Le Renard & Pacaud 1995 79).

sublaevigata , Crassatella bronnii [“Mérian”, actually Sandberger, 1853: 9, ex Merian ms, but there a nomen nudum; evidently first made available by Nyst, 1847: 119] – 1857-DescrCoqFoss: 19, pl. 19, figs 12-14. — Type localities: Jeurre & Etréchy. — Type age: Oligocene (Rupelian). Glibert & Van de Poel, 1970: 94) cited these figures in describing Crassatella (Bathytormus) ruellensis , although they had their own type material. Oddly, they cited these figures as “( = sulcata , non Solander)”, which would seem to apply to the next subspecies instead. — Current status: this subspecific taxon, if valid, would have to be C. sublaevigata , whether or not it is identical to the Glibert & Van de Poel species.

sulcata , Crassatella bronnii [“Mérian”, actually Sandberger, 1853: 9, ex Merian ms, but there a nomen nudum; evidently first made available by Nyst, 1847: 119], non Crassatella sulcata Lamarck, 1801 – Deshayes, 1853: 19, pl. 19, figs 17-19. — Type localities: Jeurre & Etréchy. — Type age: Oligocene (Rupelian). — Current status: if useful, this taxon would have to be renamed.

tenuistria , Crassatella – Deshayes, 1824-DescrCoqFoss: 38, 3, pl. 5, figs 13-14; 1830b-EncyMeth: 22; 1835-HistNatAnim2: 115; 1839-HistNatAnim3: 540; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 748, as “ C. tenuistriata ”. — Type locality: Chaumont-en-Vexin. — Type age: Eocene (Lutetian). Crassatella (Bathytormus) tenuistriata tenuistriata Deshayes, 1824 ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 96). — Current status: Bathytormus tenuistrius (Deshayes, 1824) ( Le Renard & Pacaud 1995: 79; Pacaud 2008: 84).

tenuistriata , Crassatella – see above.

thallavignesi , Crassatella –Deshayes, 1857-DescrCoqFoss: 19, pl. 19, figs 20-22; 1860-DescrCoqFoss: 738-739. — Type locality: Aizy-Jouy. — Type age: Eocene (Ypresian). — Current status: Crassatella thallavignesi Deshayes, 1857 ( Glibert & Van de Poel 1970: 92; Le Renard & Pacaud 1995 79).

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bronni, Crassinella – Lozouet & Maestrati (2012a: 254, 256, fig. 162: 9-12) listed this as a “(Deshayes, 1857)” species. However, this name seems instead to have been based on Crassinella bronnii ( Nyst, 1847) [ Crassatella ].