Carpinus orientalis Mill. var. orientalis

Holstein, Norbert & Weigend, Maximilian, 2017, No taxon left behind? - a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae), European Journal of Taxonomy 375, pp. 1-52 : 21-22

27a. Carpinus orientalis Mill. var. orientalis

C. duinensis Scop., Flora Carniolica ed. 2, 2: 243 ( Scopoli 1772). – Original citation: “circa Duinum” [Duino]. – Type: not localized.

C. minor Pall., Bemerkungen auf einer Reise in die Südlichen Statthalterschaften des Russischen Reichs 2: 95 ( Pallas 1801). – Original citation: “Sobald man den Belbek [a river], etwa zwölf Werste von Bachtschisarai [Bakhchysarai] durchfahren hat.” [This is a locality on Crimea, and the plant must have been collected soon after Easter 1793]. – Type: not localized.

C. betulus var. edentula Heuff., Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 8: 196 ( Heuffel 1858). – C. edentula Kit., Descriptiones et Icones Plantarum Rariorum Hungariae 2: XXXII ( Waldstein & Kitaibel 1803 –1805) nom. nud. – Original citation: “Smyrmium et Banatum inhabitant.” – Type: In Comitatu Syrmiensi et in sylvis Banatus atque Serviae, P. Kitaibel A57 (lecto-, designated here: BP-XL/144!; isolecto-: B-W 17700–030!). – Additional original material: s. loc., A. Wolny s.n. (BP-XL/86! ex herb. P. Kitaibel). – Note: Carpinus edentula is a nom. nud. appearing first in Kitaibel’s diary in 1804 (cf. Mólnar 2015). Spach (1842: 221) separates this name in a key, and refers to a “ Carpinus edentula Roch. Bann. ”. Rochel (1828: 26) just listed this name as having been communicated by Kitaibel. Steudel (1840: 300) published this name again, but only mentions the perennial life form and the origin, so his publication cannot be considered as valid, and Spach (1842: 221) published it as synonym to an invalid C. betulus var. β. In 1858, Heuffel recognized Kitaibel’s name as a variety of C. betulus and amended it with a description thus validating the name.

C. orientalis f. umbraculifera (Beissn.) Schelle, Handbuch der Laubholzbenennung: 49 ( Beissner et al. 1903). – C. orientalis [unranked] umbraculifera Beissn., Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen Gesellschaft 8: 133 ( Beissner 1899a). – C. betulus [unranked] umbraculifera hort. ex Beissn., Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen Gesellschaft 8: 133 ( Beissner 1899a) nom. inval. (not accepted by the author). – Original citation: “Schloss Eisenberg ist herrlich oben am dicht bewaldeten Erzgebirge gelegen, im tiefer liegenden Park”. – Type: not localized. – Note: Beissner mentioned a cultivar with a spherical crown that has been called C. betulus umbraculifera , but he supposed it to be a C. orientalis . A definite rank was given in 1903.

C. orientalis f. calcarea Radde-Fom., Trudy fizychno-matematychnogo viddilu. Kiev [Mémoires de la Classe des Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques de l’Académie des Sciences de l’Ukraine] 15 (1): 95 ( Radde-Fomina 1929). – Original citation: “Prov. Czernomorskaja, distr. Novorossijsk, ad capitem Dob, prope pag. Kabardinka. 30 VI. 1912, [D.I.] Sosnowsky!” – Type: not localized.

C. orientalis var. coronata Radde-Fom., Trudy fizychno-matematychnogo viddilu. Kiev [Mémoires de la Classe des Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques de l’Académie des Sciences de l’Ukraine] 15 (1): 107 ( Radde-Fomina 1929). – C. coronata Schischk. nom. nud. – Original citation: “Anatolien, Trapezund, unterer Teil des Deïrmen-dere-Tales; Gebüsch westlichen Abhängen, 12 Juni 1917.” – Type: not localized (LE?).

C. orientalis var. gibbosa Radde-Fom., Trudy fizychno-matematychnogo viddilu. Kiev [Mémoires de la Classe des Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques de l’Académie des Sciences de l’Ukraine] 15 (1): 107 ( Radde-Fomina 1929). – C. ovata Schischk. ex Radde-Fom., Trudy fizychno-matematychnogo viddilu. Kiev [Mémoires de la Classe des Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques de l’Académie des Sciences de l’Ukraine] 15 (1): 107 ( Radde-Fomina 1929) nom. inval. pro syn. – Original citation: “Anatolien, Sandshak Trapezund, Schlucht Gadshevara, zwischen Platana und Fol; Abhänge mit Gebüsch. 27. Juni 1917.” – Type: not localized (LE?). – Note: Carpinus ovata was a name suggested by Schischkin on a herbarium specimen that he had sent to Radde-Fomina for revision. She suggested that this plant should be called “ C. orientalis var. gibbosa ” instead of being described as a new species.

C. orientalis f. grandifolia Radde-Fom., Trudy fizychno-matematychnogo viddilu. Kiev [Mémoires de la Classe des Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques de l’Académie des Sciences de l’Ukraine] 15 (1): 94 ( Radde-Fomina 1929). – Original citation: “Tauria ad viam e Simpheropol in Aluschtam” [Alushta], VIII. 1925, leg. N. Dubowik!” – Type: not localized.

C. paucicostata Schischk. ex Radde-Fom., Trudy fizychno-matematychnogo viddilu. Kiev [Mémoires de la Classe des Sciences Physiques et Mathématiques de l’Académie des Sciences de l’Ukraine] 15 (1): 107 ( Radde-Fomina 1929) nom. inval. pro syn. – Note: Radde-Fomina regarded Schischkin’s plant as a mere C. orientalis . However, she indicated that he intended to describe the name later on. This name is therefore provisional and invalid here. The present authors were unable to locate a later, validating publication.

C. orientalis f. banatica Kárp., Botanikai Közlemények 34: 194 ( Kárpáti 1937). – Original citation: “Im Banat bei Herkulesbad” [Băile Herculane, Romania]. – Type: not localized. – Note: this is supposed to be a narrow-leaved form.