Montanelia disjuncta (Erichsen) Divakar, A. Crespo, Wedin & Essl.

Szczepanska, Katarzyna, Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata & Urbaniak, Jacek, 2021, Infraspecific variation of some brown Parmeliae (in Poland) - a comparison of ITS rDNA and non-molecular characters, MycoKeys 85, pp. 127-160 : 127

Montanelia disjuncta (Erichsen) Divakar, A. Crespo, Wedin & Essl.

Parmelia disjuncta American Journal of Botany 99:2022 (2012) ≡ Parmelia disjuncta Erichsen, Annales Mycologici 37:78 (1939) ≡ Melanelia disjuncta (Erichsen) Essl., Mycotaxon 7:46 (1978).

Description.

M. disjuncta possess foliose thallus composed of 0.6-1.2 mm broad, flat to slightly convex and glossy lobes ( Szczepańska et al. 2015). Its upper surface is smooth, olive-brown to dark brown. Pseudocyphellae are small, rather indistinct and submarginal. Its characteristic feature is the presence of the soralia (0.2-0.5 mm in diameter), which are punctiform, irregular, usually capitate and arise on the surface or at the margins of the lobes. Soredia are granular to isidioid, dark, but appearing white when abraded. Pycnidia are rare, conidia are 6-7 × 1 μm. Apothecia are not seen in the examined material.

Chemistry.

Perlatolic and stenosporic acids.

Distribution.

M. disjuncta is a circumpolar species growing mainly on siliceous rocks. The geographical range of this species consists of both continental and oceanic areas of Europe and North America ( Esslinger 1977; Otte et al. 2005; Hansen 2013). Available molecular data concern samples collected in North America (Canada, Greenland, USA), North (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom) and Central (Austria) Europe, as well as Asia (India).

Haplotypes differentiation.

Twelve different haplotypes were identified in M. disjuncta (n = 67), of which the most common haplotype occurs in Europe, North America and Asia (Fig. 6 , Table 2 ). The highest diversity was observed in North America (Canada, Greenland, USA), for which a total of nine different haplotypes were found, including six that were exclusive for this region. We identified three different haplotypes amongst the newly-collected samples (n = 22). The most common one also occurs in other European countries, Asia and North America. The second most common also occurs in Northern Europe and North America, while the third haplotype was previously identified in specimens collected in the United Kingdom. Moreover, four different haplotypes were identified amongst specimens collected in Norway, while five haplotypes were identified in Canadian samples, of which three are unique to Canada. Three haplotypes were identified in samples from both Iceland and Greenland, two of which are common for these areas and one haplotype is unique to Greenland. Some haplotypes are represented by more than one sample originating from particular areas, such as Alaska and Maine (USA), the Yukon Territory (Canada) or Greenland. The haplotypes identified in our dataset originated from different geographical areas and two of the most common haplotypes are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Based on the presented sampling, we could not indicate any geographical pattern, neither locally nor worldwide.

Figures

Figure 6. Haplotype network, based on ITS rDNA sequences from specimens of Montanelia disjuncta. Newly-generated sequences are described with isolate numbers preceding the species names. Sequences downloaded from GenBank are described with their accession numbers. Mutational changes are presented as numbers in brackets near lines between haplotypes.