Calendula suffruticosa subsp. lusitanica (Boiss.) Ohle (1974: 270)

Gonçalves, Ana Carla, Ouhammoud, Ahmed, Amirouche, Rachid, Santos, Conceição, Figueiredo, Estrela & Silveira, Paulo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Calendula (Asteraceae) in Morocco, including some taxa from Algeria and Tunisia, Phytotaxa 605 (1), pp. 1-83 : 50-51

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.605.1.1
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E82AFC0A-157F-CA5D-66ED-F9088232FC9D
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Calendula suffruticosa subsp. lusitanica (Boiss.) Ohle (1974: 270)
status

Treatment

11h. Calendula suffruticosa subsp. lusitanica (Boiss.) Ohle (1974: 270) View in CoL ; Galán de Mera (1995 [18]: 56); Ibn Tattou & Fennane (2009: 29); Dobignard & Chatelain (2011: 189); Gonçalves et al. (2014: 272). Calendula lusitanica Boissier (1849: 83) . Type:— PORTUGAL. Estremadura: ‘ prope Cintra Lusitaniae in petrosis ’, Guthnik s.n. (lectotype G!, designated by Burdet et al. (1983: 766)).

Description:––Perennial or annual herbs, ± woody at the base. Stems (24) 59–100.5 (120) cm long, diffuse to erect, ± branched, with glandular hairs predominating over non-glandular, sometimes white-arachnoid, hairs, ± viscous. Basal leaves (3.2) 3.5–6.2 (6.3) × (0.8) 1.1–1.5 (2) cm, (0.3) 0.4–0.5 (0.6) mm thick, narrowly oblanceolate to spatulate, apex acute to obtuse, margins sub-entire to sinuate-dentate, attenuate into a ± large petiole, with glandular hairs more abundant than non-glandular hairs, except in the margins, where white-arachnoid hairs predominate. Capitula solitary, (1.5) 2.4–3 (3.3) cm diameter. Outer achenes rostrate (7) 8.7–11 (13) × (1.5) 1.6–2 (2.2) mm, generally slightly curved to straight, without dorsal spines or with them small, sometimes with one tooth at the base and/or another at the apex; middle achenes typically sub-exalate (7.5) 7.8–9.4 (9.7) × (5) 5.3–6.9 (7.2) mm, lateral wings missing or narrow and sinuate-dentate, and ventral wing also missing or narrow and sub-entire, less frequently sub-cymbiform to cymbiform (5.2) 6.1–7.5 (10.7) × (4.2) 5–6.1 (8) mm, with the ventral wing smaller to sub-equal to the laterals; inner achenes vermiculate-exalate (3.8) 4.2–4.9 (5) × (1.5) 1.7–2 (2.3) mm, always present, hemicyclic to circular. Figure 17 View FIGURE 17 .

Habitat and distribution:— Clearings of forests and shrub vegetation, on granitic, loamy, limestone soils, hills, and coastal mountains, at elevations of 0–500 m. It is found in sub-humid Mediterranean bio-climate. In occurs in western and southern Portugal . In Morocco its distribution is restricted to Benzu ( Ceuta).

Conservation status:—Critically Endangered (CR). This taxon is under numerous threats, especially due to climate change (extreme weather), and human intervention (gardening or embankment fixation). It is rare and local with a small-restricted range; only one population is known. The number of mature individuals is estimated to be <250 based on field observations. The AOO is 4 km 2, which qualifies for CR. We propose a conservation status of CR C2a (ii) for this taxon in Morocco.

Chromosome number:— 2n = 32

Genome size:—3.36 ± 0.15 pg.

Additional collections:— SPAIN. Ceuta: 5–20m, [35°54’06” N, 5°20’44” W], 14 June 2012, P GoogleMaps . Silveira & A. C. R. S . Gonçalves 3269 ( AVE!) .

P	Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants
A	Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum
C	University of Copenhagen
R	Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile
S	Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History
AVE	Universidade de Aveiro