Trichactia pictiventris ( Zetterstedt, 1855 ), 1984

Gilasian, Ebrahim, Ziegler, Joachim & Parchami-Araghi, Mehrdad, 2018, Review of the genus Trichactia Stein (Diptera: Tachinidae) in the Palaearctic Region, with the description of a new species from Iran and the East Mediterranean, Zootaxa 4526 (2), pp. 207-220 : 213-215

Trichactia pictiventris ( Zetterstedt, 1855)

( Figs 1–2 , 5 , 8 , 10–11 , 14 )

Tachina maculiventris Boheman, 1852: 201 . Type locality: Degeberga, Skåne, Sweden.

Tachina pictiventris Zetterstedt, 1855: 4691 . New name for Tachina maculiventris Boheman, 1852 , a junior primary homonym of Tachina maculiventris Zetterstedt, 1849 .

Thryptocera securicornis Egger, 1865: 296 . Type locality: Austria.

Neaera longiradix Pandellé, 1896: 91 . Type locality: Hautes-Pyrénées, France.

[synonyms after Herting (1984)]

Diagnosis. Head with 7–9 frontal setae and with yellow or yellowish-grey microtrichosity; 1 lateroreclinate upper orbital seta, 1 lateroclinate middle orbital seta and 1 proclinate lower orbital seta; lower facial margin slightly protruding ( Fig. 5 ); calypters yellowish; wing vein R 4+5 with 6–10 basal setulae dorsally, nearly reaching crossvein r–m; bend of vein M right-angled, apical part curved ( Fig. 8 ).

Material examined. Austria: 1 ♀, Niederösterreich, Lunz am See, approx. 47°52ʹN 15°02ʹE, 600 m, 21.vii.1940, E. Lindner leg., on Veratrum album (SMNS); 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Niederösterreich, Ulreichsberg as Ulreichsdorf, part of Sankt Aegyd am Neuwalde (Türnitzer Alpen), approx. 47°50’N 15°25’E, 900 m, 23.vii.1959, B. Herting leg. (SMNS); 1 ♀, Niederösterreich, Obersee Mountain Region southwest of Lunz, approx. 47°48ʹN 15°04ʹE, 1150 m, 4.ix.1975, E. Lindner leg. (SMNS); 2 ♀♀, Steiermark, Admont, approx. 47°34ʹN 14°28ʹE, 650 m, 1–3.viii.1926, L. Oldenberg leg. (ZMHB). Czech Republic: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Central Bohemian Massif, Usti Region, Mountain Chloumek, 50°32ʹ38ʺN 13°51ʹ32ʺE, 480 m, 15.vi–24.vii.1998, Malaise trap in steppe on hilltop, M. Barták leg. (SMNS); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Plzen Region, Šumava Mountain Range, part of Prášily, Nová Hurka, 49°09ʹN 13°20ʹE, 870 m, 22.vii–20.viii.1999, Malaise trap in a peat bog, M. Barták and Š. Kubik leg. (SMNS); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Plzen Region, Šumava Mountain Range, southwest of Losenice, Kasperské Hory, 49°08ʹN 13°33ʹE, 600 m, 9.vii.1994, M. Barták leg. (SMNS); 1 ♀, South Bohemian Region, Šumava Mountain Range, Zhurské slate, 49°04ʹN 13°34ʹE, 1130 m, 21.vii–21.viii.1999, Malaise trap in a peat bog, M. Barták and Š. Kubik leg. (SMNS); 1 ♀, South Bohemian Region, Šumava Mountain Range, north of Volary, Malá Niva, 48°54ʹ35ʺN 13°49ʹ21ʺE, 750 m, 20.vii–20.viii.1997, in a peat bog, emerged from dead wood, M. Barták & J. Roháček leg. (SMNS); 2 ♀♀, South Bohemian Region, Šumava Mountain Range, Mountain Plechý, 48°46ʹN 13°53ʹE, 1050 m, 22.vii.1992, on Glyceria maxima, M. Barták leg. (SMNS). Germany: 1 ♂, Bavaria, Söchtenau, Krottenmühl, approx. 47°53′N 12°15′E, 500 m, 19.vi.1965, on flowers of Apiaceae, W. Schacht leg. (SMNS); 10 ♂♂, Bavaria, north of Mühlheim, Solnhofer Berg, 48°51ʹ 48.5ʺN 10°59ʹ 43.1ʺE, 490 m, 2.vi.2012, on flowers of Chaerophyllum temulum L. and Cornus sanguinea L., one male on leaf of Acer pseudoplatanus L. ( Fig. 14 ), C. Lange & J. Ziegler leg. (CZB, HMIM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Bavaria, near Kelheim, Hienheimer Forst, approx. 48°54′N 11°44′E, 500 m, 6.vi– 12.viii.1997, H. Schubert leg. (SMNS) (see Tschorsnig & Schubert 1999); 1 ♀, Bavaria, Bayrischer Wald, Bayrisch Eisenstein, approx. 49°07′N 13°12′E, 750 m, 2.viii.1925, L. Oldenberg leg. (ZMHB). Italy: 1 ♂, Prov. Sondrio, northeast of Sondalo (Valte), Frontale, 46°20ʹ 52.1ʺN 10°22ʹ 07.8ʺE, 1250 m, 9.vii.2005, on flowers of Peucedanum oreoselinum (L.) Moench, C. Lange & J. Ziegler leg. (CZB) (see Ziegler & Tschorsnig 2016); 1 ♂, Prov. Verona, Malcesine, Bocca di Navene, approx. 45°47′N 10°53′E, 1450 m, 26.vii.1994, J. Ziegler leg. (CZB). Montenegro: 3 ♂♂, Durmitor Mountain Range, approx. 43°06′N 19°01′E, 30.vii–5.viii.1988, G. Bächli leg. (SMNS). Spain: 12 ♂♂, Prov. Huesca, Pyrenees, Benasque, Valle d. Esera, Macizo de la Maladeta, 1600 m, 27.vi.1992, on flowers of Molospermum peloponnesiacum Koch, J. Ziegler leg. (CZB, SMNS, ZMAS). Sweden: 1 ♂, Provinz Dalarnas län, Brittsand, east of Ludvika, Gonäs, 60°09ʹ15ʺN 15°05ʹ46ʺE, 210 m, 12.vii.1999, C.F. Kassebeer leg. (SMNS). Switzerland: 1 ♂, Canton Zürich, Lägern Mountain Range, Hulligen near Boppelsen, approx. 47°28′N 8°24′E, 27.vi.1975, R. Cuny leg. (SMNS) (see Herting & Tschorsnig 1997); 1 ♂, Canton Zürich, Zürich-Hönggerberg, approx. 47°25′N 8°30′E, 530 m, 29.vi.1995, B. Merz leg. (SMNS) (see Herting & Tschorsnig 1997); 6 ♂♂, Canton Jura, Delémont, Castle of Domont, approx. 47°22′N 7°19′E, 550 m, vi–vii. 1964–1969, B. Herting leg. (SMNS) (see Herting 1967); 1 ♀, Canton Jura, Montfaucon, approx. 47°17′N 7°03′E, 1000 m, 21.vi.1992, ex cones of Picea abies collected at 28.iv.1992, [no collector] (SMNS) (see Herting & Tschorsnig 1997); 1 ♂, Canton Bern, Mont- Crosin Pass near Saint-Imier, approx. 47°11′N 7°02′E, 27.vi.1992, ex cones of Picea abies collected at 28.iv.1992, [no collector] (SMNS); 1 ♀, Canton Neuchâtel, east of Neuchâtel, Montmollin, approx. 47°00′N 6°51′E, 800 m, 15.viii.1915, J. de Beaumont leg. (SMNS) (see Herting & Tschorsnig 1997); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Canton Vaud, Cudrefin, approx. 47°00′N 7°08′E, 430 m, 27–28.vi.1979, P.H. Arnaud, Jr. leg. (SMNS) (see Tschorsnig & Arnaud 2001); 1 ♂, Canton Vaud, Onnens, approx. 46°50′N 6°41′E, 500 m, 12.vi.1964, B. Herting leg. (SMNS) (see Herting & Tschorsnig 1997); 47 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀, Canton Grisons, Angeli Custodi (Val Poschiavo), north of Poschiavo, 46°21ʹ 32.6ʺN 10°04ʹ 43.6ʺE, 1200 m, 11.vii.2005, on white flowers of Apiaceae, C. Lange & J. Ziegler leg. (CZB, HMIM).

Literature data. Austria: Melk, 48°14ʹN 15°21ʹE ( Strobl 1893, as “ Tryptocera securicornis ”); Kremsmünster, 48°03ʹN 14°07ʹE ( Herting 1974); Seitenstetten, 48°02ʹN 14°39ʹE ( Strobl 1893, as “ Tryptocera securicornis ”); Micheldorf, 47°52ʹN 14°28ʹE ( Herting 1974); Admont, 47°34ʹN 14°28ʹE ( Strobl 1893, as “ Tryptocera securicornis ”). Czech Republic: Vráž nr. Písek, 49°24ʹN 14°07ʹE ( Lutovinovas et al. 2014); Prášily, Nová Hurka, 49°09ʹN 13°20ʹE ( Barták et al. 1997); Kasperské Hory nr. Losenice, 49°08ʹN 13°33ʹE ( Barták et al. 1997). France: Hautes-Pyrénées, 43°01ʹN 0°08ʹE ( Pandellé 1896, as “ Neaera longiradix ”). Germany: Kassel, 51°19ʹN 09°29ʹE ( Tschorsnig & Herting 1994); Grenzach-Wyhlen, 47°33ʹN 07°42ʹE ( Tschorsnig 2017b). Norway: Mjøndalen, 59°45ʹN 10°00ʹE ( Rognes & Hansen 1996). Poland: Krotoszyn, 51°41ʹN 17°26ʹE ( Bystrowski & Jabłoński 2011); Pieniny, 49°24ʹN 20°23ʹE ( Draber-Mońko 1993). Romania: Durău, 47°00ʹN 25°55ʹE ( Şuster 1936, as “ Trichactia securicornis ”). Slovakia: Vršatec, 49°03ʹN 18°09ʹE ( Lutovinovas et al. 2009); Smrekovica, 48°59ʹN 19°16ʹE ( Čepelák 1986); Kortynica, 48°53ʹN 19°17ʹE ( Čepelák 1986); Hrochot-Benova, 48°39ʹN 19°23ʹE ( Lutovinovas et al. 2009); Detva-Kalamárka, 48°36ʹN 19°25ʹE ( Lutovinovas et al. 2009); Cierny Potok, 48°17ʹN 19°56ʹE ( Lutovinovas et al. 2009). Spain: Escorial, 40°35ʹN 04°08ʹE ( Mesnil 1973). Sweden: Degeberga, 55°50ʹN 14°05ʹE ( Boheman 1852, as “ Tachina maculiventris ”). Switzerland: Rüdlingen, 47°35ʹN 08°30ʹE ( Herting & Tschorsnig 1997); Chevenez, 47°24ʹN 07°00ʹE ( Herting & Tschorsnig 1997); Gals, 47°02ʹN 07°03ʹE ( Herting & Tschorsnig 1997).

Remarks. Hubenov (2008a, 2008b) listed Trichactia pictiventris also from Serbia and Slovenia, but without references to specific localities.

Distribution. This species is widespread in the mountainous regions of Europe between altitudes of 400 to 1600 m in the Central Uplands of Germany, the Alps, the Pyrenees, the Dinarides and the Carpathians, as well as in the lowlands of northern Europe ( Fig. 16 ). Literature records from Crete and Rhodes in Greece ( Tschorsnig et al. 2004) and West Asia ( Mesnil 1973; Kugler 1974; Herting 1984) refer to T. meridiana sp. nov.

Remarks. In comparing the structure of the male terminalia of the two most widespread species of Trichactia , T. meridiana sp. nov. and T. pictiventris ( Figs 10–13 ), we found the following differences: syncercus (dorsal view) distinctly bilobed apically and longer than wide in T. pictiventris , while the syncercus in T. meridiana sp. nov. lacks a depression or is at most slightly depressed apicomedially, looking nearly as long as wide.

Figures

FIGURE 16. Distribution of Trichactia species in the Palaearctic region: T. pictiventris (Zetterstedt) (red dots—examined material; white dots—literature-based data); T. meridiana sp. nov. (green squares—examined material; white squaresliterature-based data); T. nubilinervis (Becker) (yellow triangle—examined material; white triangle—literature-based data).

FIGURES 1–4. Trichactia spp., habitus in lateral view. 1. Trichactia pictiventris (Zetterstedt), ♂, Canton Grisons, Switzerland (CZB). 2. Trichactia pictiventris (Zetterstedt), ♀, Canton Grisons, Switzerland (CZB). 3. Trichactia meridiana sp. nov., paratype, ♂, Paphos District, Cyprus (CZB). 4. Trichactia. meridiana sp. nov., paratype, ♀, Paphos District, Cyprus (CZB). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 5–7. Trichactia spp., ♀, head in lateral view. 5. Trichactia pictiventris (Zetterstedt), Canton Grisons, Switzerland (CZB). 6. Trichactia meridiana sp. nov., paratype, Paphos District, Cyprus (CZB). 7. Trichactia nubilinervis (Becker), holotype, Canary Islands, Tenerife (ZMHB). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 8–9. Trichactia spp., ♀, left wing in dorsal view. 8. Trichactia pictiventris (Zetterstedt), Canton Grisons, Switzerland (CZB). 9. Trichactia meridiana sp. nov., paratype, Paphos District, Cyprus (CZB). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 10–13. Trichactia spp., male terminalia. 10–11. Trichactia pictiventris (Zetterstedt), Bavaria, Germany (HMIM). 10. Dorsal view. 11. Lateral view. 12–13. Trichactia meridiana sp. nov., paratype, Khuzestan, Iran (HMIM). 12. Dorsal view. 13. Lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 14–15. Live specimens of Trichactia spp. 14. Trichactia pictiventris (Zetterstedt), ♂, on leaf of Acer pseudoplatanus L., Bavaria, Germany (CZB) (body length: 5.0 mm). 15. Trichactia meridiana sp. nov., paratype, ♀, on flowers of Apiaceae, Paphos District, Cyprus (CZB) (body length: 4.5 mm). Photographs by J. Ziegler.