Leuckartiara brownei Larson & Harbison, 1990

Verhaegen, Gerlien, Cimoli, Emiliano & Lindsay, Dhugal, 2021, Life beneath the ice: jellyfish and ctenophores from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, with an image-based training set for machine learning, Biodiversity Data Journal 9, pp. 69374-69374 : 69374

Leuckartiara brownei Larson & Harbison, 1990

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence : individualID: MCMEC2019_ Leuckartiara _brownei_a; lifeStage: adult; associatedMedia: "http://morphobank.org/permalink/?P3993", "https://youtu.be/QkFIkgJPmto", "https://youtu.be/fRwpi5KAhWQ", "https://youtu.be/dEIbVYlF_TQ", "https://youtu.be/liqjNkGn3Sk"; Taxon : scientificName: Leuckartiara brownei; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Cnidaria ; class: Hydrozoa ; order: Anthoathecata ; family: Pandeidae ; genus: Leuckartiara ; Location: continent: Antarctica; waterBody: McMurdo Sound; maximumDepthInMeters: 1; decimalLatitude: -77.637; decimalLongitude: 166.401; Identification: identifiedBy: Dhugal Lindsay; Event: samplingProtocol: Sony Alpha 7 III camera equipped with a FE 90mm F2.8 Macro G OSS lens; eventDate: 2019-11-16; Record Level: type: StillImage, Video; language: en; rightsHolder: Emiliano Cimoli Type status: Other material. Occurrence : individualID: MCMEC2018_ Leuckartiara _brownei_b; lifeStage: adult; associatedMedia: http://morphobank.org/permalink/?P3993; Taxon : scientificName: Leuckartiara brownei; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Cnidaria ; class: Hydrozoa ; order: Anthoathecata ; family: Pandeidae ; genus: Leuckartiara ; Location: continent: Antarctica; waterBody: McMurdo Sound; maximumDepthInMeters: 1; decimalLatitude: -77.637; decimalLongitude: 166.401; Identification: identifiedBy: Dhugal Lindsay; Event: samplingProtocol: NIKON D500 camera equipped with a TAMRON SP 90mm F2.8 Di Macro VC USD F017N lens; eventDate: 2018-11-29; Record Level: type: StillImage; language: en; rightsHolder: Emiliano Cimoli Type status: Other material. Occurrence : individualID: MCMEC2018_ Leuckartiara _brownei_c; lifeStage: adult; associatedMedia: http://morphobank.org/permalink/?P3993; Taxon : scientificName: Leuckartiara brownei; kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Cnidaria ; class: Hydrozoa ; order: Anthoathecata ; family: Pandeidae ; genus: Leuckartiara ; Location: continent: Antarctica; waterBody: McMurdo Sound; maximumDepthInMeters: 1; decimalLatitude: -77.637; decimalLongitude: 166.401; Identification: identifiedBy: Dhugal Lindsay; Event: samplingProtocol: NIKON D500 camera equipped with a TAMRON SP 90mm F2.8 Di Macro VC USD F017N lens; eventDate: 2018-11-29; Record Level: type: StillImage; language: en; rightsHolder: Emiliano Cimoli

Distribution

Southern Ocean, in the McMurdo Sound [described by Browne (1910) as a juvenile Perigonimus sp. according to Larson and Harbison (1990), Browne (1910)], off Adélie Land ( Toda et al. 2014), in the Weddell Sea ( Grossmann 2010, Pagès and Schnack-Schiel 1996) and in the Powell Basin ( Kaufmann et al. 2011). It was also reported from the Mediterranean by Bouillon et al. (2000).

Notes

Original description after Larson and Harbison (1990) (Fig. 3 A): Conical umbrella with a pointed projection of variable height (dimensions of holotype: 10 mm high × 9 mm wide); thick mesoglea; velum narrow, thin, and transparent; four large perradial tentacles, tapering and not laterally compressed, which are coiled when contracted; salmon-coloured perradial tentacle bulbs; up to 28 short “rudimentary” tentacles (i.e. because they have the same form as marginal tentacles in their early development stage; Russell 1953), growing in succession and clasping the ex-umbrella [sic: being clasped by the ex-umbrella], with the oldest interradial tentacles extending the furthest out on to the ex-umbrella; relatively large manubrium, with the height larger than half the height of the sub-umbrella; mesenteries well-developed; large crenulated lips; orange-brown gonads, covering the interradial surface of the manubrium, each gonad harbouring a pair of longitudinal folds adjacent to the interradii, forming a continuous interradial groove, with a few isolated folds in the adradii which are mostly orientated perradially; no ocelli or spurs. Type locality: near McMurdo Station, Antarctica.

Additional information on specimens identified as same species from outside the Southern Ocean: from the Mediterranean Sea ( Bouillon et al. 2000) (Fig. 3 B), height 7 mm, specimen not further described, but drawing available.

Literature giving diagnostic characters without describing new specimens: Pagès et al. (1992), Schuchert (2007), Bouillon et al. (2004).

Description of and comments on observed material (Fig. 3 C-F): N = 2 in 2018, N = 1 in 2019. The morphology of our observed specimens matched closely those from previous descriptions. The height of the apical pointed projection ca. 15-20% of the bell height, corresponding to the "variable height" from the original description ( Browne 1910). Number of gonadal folds 4-5 within the same specimen. Differences or additional information found compared to past descriptions were the following: the mesenteries extended to ca. 80% of the stomach height, whereas, in the original description ( Browne 1910), they were described as "well developed" and shown to extend to ca. half the height of the stomach in the line drawing (Fig. 3 A), while in Bouillon et al. (2000), the mesenteries were omitted from the drawing (Fig. 3 B); coiling of the four main tentacles; the rudimentary tentacles, when of a certain length, can fold in half, with the distal half of the tentacle extended back downwards on to the ex-umbrella and the fold reaching up to 1/4 of the bell height, suggesting they are adnate to around half their length.

Figures

Figure 3. Leuckartiara brownei. A. Line drawing of the holotype (bell height 10 mm) (Larson and Harbison 1990, Suppl. material 2) sampled in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica; B. Line drawing from a specimen (bell height 7 mm) from the Mediterranean Sea (modified from Bouillon et al. 2000); C-E. Specimen MCMEC 2019 _ Leuckartiara _ brownei _ a observed on 16 / 11 / 2019: lateral view (C), lateral view while contracting and apical view (E); F. Oral-lateral view of a specimen MCMEC 2019 _ Leuckartiara _ brownei _ b observed on 29 / 11 / 2018. Scale bars A and B 1 mm. C-E photos courtesy: E. Cimoli.