Dissomphalus verus, MUGRABI, DANIELE F. & AZEVEDO, CELSO O., 2013

MUGRABI, DANIELE F. & AZEVEDO, CELSO O., 2013, Revision of Thai Dissomphalus Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), with description of twenty four new species, Zootaxa 3662 (1), pp. 1-73 : 10-11

Key for Dissomphalus males from the Oriental region

1. Depression of tergal process with outer lateral margin higher than inner lateral margin ( Fig. 25 ); aedeagal dorsal body with two pairs of outer apical lobes ( Fig. 166 )....................................................................... 2

- Depression of tergal process with outer and inner lateral margins equally high ( Fig. 13 ); aedeagal dorsal body with one pair of outer apical lobes ( Fig. 133 )............................................................................. 8

2(1). Posterior margin of hypopygium straight with three small concavities ( Fig. 103 ).................................... 3

- Posterior margin of hypopygium concave or with median concavity ( Fig. 104 )..................................... 4

3(2). Outer lateral margin of dorsal outer lobe of aedeagal dorsal body with laminar process ( Fig. 160 )......... D. verus sp. nov.

- Outer lateral margin of dorsal outer lobe of aedeagal dorsal body without laminar process ( Fig. 155 )....... D. epitus sp. nov.

4(2). Posterior margin of hypopygium with angulate corners ( Fig. 106 )............................................... 5

- Posterior margin of hypopygium with rounded corners ( Fig. 95 )................................................. 6

5(4). Dorsal outer lobe of aedeagal dorsal body with sickle-shaped laminar process ( Fig. 163 ), with apical margin strongly concave, turned laterad; apex of aedeagal ventral ramus as high as apex of volsella ( Fig. 164 ).................... D. prilus sp. nov.

- Dorsal outer lobe of aedeagal dorsal body with transversely elliptical laminar process, turned mesad; apex of aedeagal ventral ramus as high as apex of basivolsella ( Fig. 167 )................................................ D. daneus sp. nov.

6(4). Ventral outer lobe of aedeagal dorsal body strongly concave ( Fig. 131 ), apex laterad................. D. browni Terayama

- Ventral outer lobe of aedeagal dorsal body straight or nearly so ( Fig. 143 ), apex dorsad.............................. 7

7(6). Aedeagal ventral ramus very wide ( Fig. 147 ); aedeagal apodeme strongly dilated ( Fig. 145 ); ratio between aedeagal ventral ramus and dorsal body 1:3.5........................................................ D. philippinensis Terayama

- Aedeagal ventral ramus narrow ( Fig. 144 ); aedeagal apodeme non-dilated ( Fig. 141 ); ratio between aedeagal ventral ramus and dorsal body 1:2.5.................................................................... D. nepalensis Terayama

8(1). Basivolsella with projection ( Fig. 169 )..................................................................... 9

- Basivolsella without projection ( Fig. 187 )................................................................. 16

9(8). Aedeagal dorsal body evenly wide ( Fig. 171 ) or base slightly wider than remainder of dorsal body ( Fig. 183 )............ 10

- Aedeagal dorsal body wider medially ( Fig. 168 )............................................................ 11

10(9). Paramere with ventral surface deeply divided ( Fig. 174 ); aedeagal dorsal body evenly wide ( Fig. 171 ); base of basivolsella with two short and basally articulated projections ( Fig. 173 ); aedeagal ventral ramus 0.5x as long as dorsal body................................................................................................. D. gionus sp. nov.

- Paramere with ventral surface undivided ( Fig. 185 ); base of aedeagal dorsal body slightly wider than remainder of dorsal body; median region of basivolsella with two long projections, medially articulated ( Fig. 184 ); aedeagal ventral ramus almost as high as dorsal body........................................................................... D. davus sp. nov.

11(9). Median stalk of hypopygium shorter than hypopygium width, its apex truncate (Fig. 107); apex of paramere angulate or subangulate in dorsal view ( Fig. 168 ); basivolsella with one projection ( Fig. 169 )..................................... 12

- Median stalk of hypopygium as long as or longer than hypopygium width, its apex rounded (Fig. 114); apex of paramere rounded in dorsal view ( Fig. 175 ); basivolsella with more than one projection ( Fig. 176 )............................ 14

12(11). Median part of genital ring with inclination angle of about 45º on dorsal view; paramere with apical constriction on dorsal view( Fig. 168 ); basivolsella with medially articulated projection; cuspis with one ramus ( Fig. 169 )....... D. gabrus sp. nov.

- Median part of genital ring with an inclination angle between 45 and 90º in dorsal view; paramere without apical constriction in dorsal view ( Fig. 179 ); basivolsella with basally articulated projection; cuspis with two rami ( Fig. 181 ).............. 13

13(12). Corner of posterior margin of hypopygium angulate, with short median evagination (Fig. 110); median region of inner lateral margin of basiparamere with long projection; basivolsella with apical projection ( Fig. 181 ); aedeagal ventral ramus almost as long as dorsal body....................................................................... D. julius sp. nov.

- Corner of posterior margin of hypopygium rounded, not medially evaginated ( Fig. 127 ); median region of inner lateral margin of basiparamere without projection; basivolsella with median projection ( Fig. 222 ); aedeagal ventral ramus much shorter than dorsal body........................................................................... D. ferrurus sp. nov.

14(11). Lateral margins of hypopygium slightly convergent posterad; apex of hypopygeal median stalk without constriction (Fig. 109); apex of aedeagal dorsal body not surpassing paramere apex ( Fig. 175 ); ventral ramus with non-sinuous surface ( Fig. 176 ).. 15

- Lateral margins of hypopygium strongly convergent posteriorly; apex of hypopygeal median stalk with small constriction (Fig. 114); apex of aedeagal dorsal body aligned with paramere apex ( Fig. 192 ); ventral ramus with sinuous surface ( Fig. 193 )........................................................................................... D. joelus sp. nov.

15(14). Paramere with ventral surface deeply divided ( Fig. 177 ), apical margin obliquely straight ( Fig. 175 ); basivolsella with three projections ( Fig. 176 ); aedeagal dorsal body wide, its lateral margins strongly convex ( Fig. 175 )........ D. cherrus sp. nov.

- Paramere with ventral surface undivided, apical margin slightly convex in ventral view; basivolsella with two projections ( Fig. 203 ); aedeagal dorsal body narrow, its lateral margins straight ( Fig. 202 )............................ D. turinus sp. nov.

16(15). Lateral surface of aedeagal dorsal body with warts ( Fig. 133 ).................................................. 17

- Lateral surface of aedeagal dorsal body without warts ( Fig. 148 )............................................... 18

17(16). Hypopygeal median stalk of hypopygium with straight margin, apex truncate ( Fig. 97 ); apex of inner lateral margin of aedeagal ventral ramus concave ( Fig. 136 )................................................ D. chiangmaiensis Terayama

- Hypopygeal median stalk of hypopygium with convex margin, apex angulate ( Fig. 98 ); apex of inner lateral margin of aedea- 19(18). Aedeagal apodeme extremely long, strongly converging basad................................. D. thaianus Terayama

- Aedeagal apodeme not as long as above, parallel or slightly converging basad..................................... 20

20(19). Base of aedeagal ventral ramus about as wide as medially ( Fig. 187 )............................................ 21

- Aedeagal ventral ramus much narrower basally than medially ( Fig. 189 )......................................... 23

21(20). Aedeagal dorsal body progressively narrowing apicad ( Fig. 186 ); hypopygeal median stalk wide (Fig. 112); basiparamere evenly narrow on dorsal view; paramere with base wider than basiparamere apex, undivided ventral surface............. 22

- Aedeagal dorsal body narrowing sharply apicad ( Fig. 212 ); hypopygeal median stalk narrow ( Fig. 122 ); basiparamere irregularly narrow on dorsal view; paramere with base as wide as basiparamere apex, divided ventral surface.... D. geanus sp. nov.

22(21). Median region of genital ring with inclination angle between 45 and 90º in dorsal view; aedeagus dorsal body wide, lateral margin strongly convex medially ( Fig. 186 ); aedeagal ventral ramus evenly wide ( Fig. 187 )............. D. zethus sp. nov.

- Median region of genital ring with inclination angle of about 45º in dorsal view; aedeagal dorsal body narrow, lateral margin slightly convex ( Fig. 194 ); aedeagal ventral ramus wider medially ( Fig. 195 )........................ D. nandus sp. nov.

23(20). Aedeagal ventral ramus shorter than dorsal body............................................................ 24

- Aedeagal ventral ramus as long as dorsal body............................................................. 25

24(23). Dorsal surface of basiparamere almost as wide as ventral surface; aedeagal dorsal body narrow ( Fig. 204 ); aedeagal ventral ramus much wider apically, with three pairs of long projections ( Fig. 206 )........................... D. paulus sp. nov.

- Dorsal surface of basiparamere much narrow than ventral surface; aedeagal dorsal body wide ( Fig. 208 ); aedeagal ventral ramus wider medially, without projections ( Fig. 209 )........................................... D. barbus sp. nov.

25(23). Ventral surface of paramere slightly divided ( Fig. 190 ); apex of aedeagal ventral ramus angulate.......... D. hetus sp. nov.

- Ventral surface of paramere undivided ( Fig. 185 ); apex of aedeagal ventral ramus rounded.......................... 26

26(25). Aedeagal ventral ramus constricted medially ( Fig. 220 ); aedeagal dorsal body entirely wide ( Fig. 218 )... D. mugrus sp. nov.

- Aedeagal ventral ramus wide medially ( Fig. 129 ); aedeagal dorsal body irregularly wide ( Fig. 128 ).................... 27

27(26). Clypeus with one or three median teeth; hypopygeal median stalk ( Fig. 102 ); aedeagal dorsal body slightly narrow subapically ( Fig. 151 )........................................................................................... 28

- Clypeus without median teeth; hypopygeal median stalk narrow ( Fig. 95 ); aedeagal dorsal body with abruptly narrow subapically ( Fig. 128 )...................................................................... D. brevinervis Kieffer

28(27). Hypopygeal posterior margin concave ( Fig. 123 ); aedeagal apodeme with apex turned mesad ( Fig. 214 ); aedeagal ventral ramus longer than wide ( Fig. 215 )........................................................ D. magnetus sp. nov.

- Hypopygeal posterior margin straight ( Fig. 102 ); aedeagal apodeme with apex turned mesad ( Fig. 151 ); aedeagal ventral ramus almost as long as wide ( Fig. 153 )...................................................... D. wusheanus Terayama

29(18). Hypopygeal median stalk wide (Fig. 116); basiparamere evenly narrow ( Fig. 196 ); cuspis with two rami ( Fig. 197 )....... 30

- Hypopygeal median stalk narrow ( Fig. 121 ); basiparamere irregularly wide ( Fig. 210 ); cuspis with one ramus ( Fig. 211 ) … 31

30(29). Hypopygium sub-trapezoidal, apex of median stalk not bifurcated (Fig. 116); inner lobes of aedeagal dorsal body widely visible in ventral view and not visible in dorsal view ( Fig. 197 )....................................... D. jubus sp. nov.

- Hypopygium rounded, apex of median stalk bifurcated (Fig. 117); inner lobes of aedeagal dorsal body not visible in dorsal or ventral views............................................................................ D. kelsus sp. nov.

31(29). Hypopygeal of posterior margin without median evagination ( Fig. 121 ); digitus extremely long, almost as long as paramere; aedeagal ventral ramus wider than long ( Fig. 211 )............................................... D. robus sp. nov.

- Hypopygeal posterior margin with median evagination projected toward dorsal region ( Figs 124–125 ); digitus regular-sized; aedeagal ventral ramus longer than wide ( Fig. 217 )............................................. D. lidinus sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 24–38. Metasoma, 24–26, Dissomphalus epitus sp. nov., 24, metasoma in dorsal view; 25, metasoma in posterolateral view; 26, tubercle of tergal process in dorsal view; 27–30, D. verus sp. nov., 27, metasoma in dorsal view; 28, metasoma in postero-lateral view; 29, tergal process in dorsal view; 30, tubercle of tergal process in dorsal view; 31–33, D. prilus sp. nov., 31, metasoma in dorsal view; 32, tergal process in dorsal view; 33, tubercle of tergal process in dorsal view; 34–36, D. daneus

FIGURES 159–167. Male genitalia, 159–161, Dissomphalus verus sp. nov., 159, dorsal view; 160, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 161, ventral view; 162–164, D. prilus sp. nov., 162, dorsal view; 163, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 164, ventral

FIGURES 9–23. Metasoma, 9–11, Dissomphalus browni, 9, metasoma in dorsal view; 10, tergal process of metasoma in dorsal view; 11, tubercle of tergal process in dorsal view; 12–18, D. chiangmaiensis, 12, metasoma in dorsal view; 13, tergal process of metasoma in dorsal view; 14, tubercle of tergal process in dorsal view; 15, tubercle of tergal process in lateral view; 16, metasoma in dorsal view; 17, tergal process of metasoma in dorsal view; 18, pit of tregal process in dorsal view; 19–21, D.

FIGURES 128–136. Male genitalia, 128–129, Dissomphalus brevinervis, 128, dorsal view; 129, ventral view; 130–132, D.

FIGURES 95–106. Hypopygium in dorsal view, 95, Dissomphalus. brevinervis; 96, D. browni; 97, D. chiangmaiensis; 98, D.

FIGURES 148–158. Male genitalia, 148–150, Dissomphalus thaianus, 148, dorsal view; 149, apex of aedeagus in dorsal view; 150, ventral view; 151–154, D. wusheanus; 151, dorsal view; 152, lobe of dorsal body of aedeagus in dorsal view; 153, ventral

FIGURES 137–147. Male genitalia, 137–140, Dissomphalus malaysianus, 137, dorsal view; 138, lobe of dorsal body of aedeagus in lateral view; 139, ventral view; 140, volsella; 141–144, D. nepalensis; 141, dorsal view; 142, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 143, apex of aedeagus in lateral view; 144, ventral view; 145–147, D. philippinensis, 145, dorsal view; 146, apex

FIGURES 168–176. Male genitalia, 168–170, Dissomphalus gabrus sp. nov., 168, dorsal view; 169, ventral view; 170, lateral view; 171–174, D. gionus sp. nov., 171, dorsal view; 172, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 173, ventral view; 174, lateral

FIGURES 186–193. Male genitalia, 186–187, Dissomphalus zethus sp. nov., 186, dorsal view; 187, ventral view; 188–191, D. hetus sp. nov., 188, dorsal view; 189, ventral view; 190, lateral view; 191, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 192–193, D. joelus

FIGURES 177–185. Male genitalia, 177–178, Dissomphalus cherrus sp. nov., 177, dorsal view; 178, volsella; 179–182, D. julius sp. nov., 179, dorsal view; 180, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 181, ventral view; 182, lateral view; 183–185, D. davus

FIGURES 119–127. Hypopygium in dorsal view, 119, Dissomphalus paulus sp. nov.; 120, D. barbus sp. nov.; 121, D. robus sp. nov.; 122, D. geanus sp. nov.; 123, D. magnetus sp. nov.; 124–125, D. lidinus sp. nov., 124, hypopygium in dorsal view; 125, posterior margin folded dorsad; 126, D. mugrus sp. nov.; 127, D. ferrerus sp. nov. (Scale bars = 50µm, except 126 =

FIGURES 218–222. Male genitalia, 218–220, Dissomphalus mugus sp. nov., 218, dorsal view; 219, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 220, ventral view; 221–222, D. ferrerus sp. nov., 221, dorsal view; 222, ventral view. (Scale bars = 50µm).

FIGURES 202–209. Male genitalia, 202–203, Dissomphalus turinus sp. nov., 202, dorsal view; 203, ventral view; 204–206, D. paulus sp. nov., 204, dorsal view; 205, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 206, ventral view; 207–209, D. barbus sp. nov.,

FIGURES 210–217. Male genitalia, 210–211, Dissomphalus robus sp. nov., 210, dorsal view; 211, ventral view; 212–213, D. geanus sp. nov., 212, dorsal view; 213, ventral view; 214–215, D. magnetus sp. nov., 214, dorsal view; 215, ventral view; 216–

FIGURES 194–201. Male genitalia, 194–195, Dissomphalus nandus sp. nov., 194, dorsal view; 195, ventral view; 196–199, D. jubus sp. nov., 196, dorsal view; 197, apex of aedeagus in ventral view; 198, ventral view; 199, lateral view; 200–201, D.