Hetrodes pupus ( Linnaeus, 1758 )

Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Chobanov, Dragan, Warchałowska-Śliwa, Elżbieta & Hemp, Claudia, 2022, Review of song patterns and sound production in armoured ground crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodini) with karyological data and taxonomic notes, Zootaxa 5120 (4), pp. 451-481 : 475

Hetrodes pupus ( Linnaeus, 1758)

References: Grant 2014 (nominate subspecies)

Material examined: 1 male, CHelb8948 (SF), SOUTH AFRICA, S. Africa Rep., Western Cape, 45 km W Laingsburg, Jagerskraal Farm , 33º13’S, 20º24’E, 4– 5.1.2017, leg. Kovtunovich V. (nominate subspecies) .

Corresponding to the large body size (pronotum length 19.5 mm, width 22 mm) of the studied specimen, also its tegmina are very large ( Fig. 3 ) and the stridulatory file is with 4.27 mm the longest of all specimens studied here. The number of teeth (44) is not unusually high [but distinctly larger than in the holotype of the subspecies Hetrodes pupus marginatus Walker (32; photo in OSF)], whereas the teeth intervals are quite wide due to the great length of the file. The calling song seems to be a long uninterrupted trill [ Fig. 7I (from Grant 2014); see Table 2 ].

Chromosomes: 2n = 27 (26 + X0), FN = 27; pair 1–14 and X chromosomes acrocentric (3 males described earlier by Warchałowska-Śliwa & Bugrov, 2009); thin C-positive paracentromeric bands on all chromosomes.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Left male tegmina of Acanthoplus discoidalis (CH8946), Acanthoproctus cervinus (CH8947), Hetrodes pupus (CHelb8948), Enyaliopsis bloyeti (CH8853), E. carolinus (CH8625), E. ephippiatus (CH7737), E. jennae (damaged; CH8267), Gymnoproctus rammei (CH8763), Eugasteroides loricatus (CH7352), Spalacomimus stettinenesis, S. talpa (CH7354), S. verruciferus (CH7188). Scale 5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Oscillograms of the calling songs in the genera Acanthoplus, Gymnoproctus, Acanthoproctus and Hetrodes (figures of Acanthoplus, Acanthoproctus and Hetrodes based on figures and data from literature; see text). A Acanthoplus discoidalis, B–C Acanthoplus longipes, D Gymnoproctus rammei, E Gymnoproctus sculpturatus, F Gymnoproctus spec., G Acanthoproctus cervinus, H Acanthoproctus diadematus, I Hetrodes pupus. Left column overview (5-s-section), right column detail (250-mssection).