Gymnoproctus rammei Weidner, 1941

Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Chobanov, Dragan, Warchałowska-Śliwa, Elżbieta & Hemp, Claudia, 2022, Review of song patterns and sound production in armoured ground crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodini) with karyological data and taxonomic notes, Zootaxa 5120 (4), pp. 451-481 : 471

Gymnoproctus rammei Weidner, 1941

Material examined: 1 male [CH8763 (SR, CHR)], TANZANIA, Mpwapwa District nr. Gulwe , Dodoma Region, March 2020, leg. C. Hemp ; 1 male ( TI), TANZANIA, Puge Simbo Forest Reserve nr. Tabora, Tabora Region, April 2016, leg. C. Hemp.

Reference: Hemp 2021

Bioacoustics. Tegmina ( Fig. 3 ), stridulatory file ( Table 1 ), and spectrum of the song ( Fig. 6 ) do not show large differences to the typical Hetrodini pattern. The calling song ( Fig. 7D ) consists of long series of syllables (song type B in Fig. 5 ; see Table 2 ).

Genitalia. In structure, the titillator ( Fig. 9I ) is similar to some found in the genus Enyaliopsis . It is relatively small, with broad basal parts, a stout middle section and an even slightly thicker short tip.

Chromosomes: 2n = 27 (26 + X0), FN = 28; pair 1 submeta/subacro, pairs 2–13 acrocentric, X chromosomes metacentric (1 male); thin paracentromeric C-bands in all chromosomes, heteromorphic distal C-block in pair 2 ( Fig. 12G ).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Left male tegmina of Acanthoplus discoidalis (CH8946), Acanthoproctus cervinus (CH8947), Hetrodes pupus (CHelb8948), Enyaliopsis bloyeti (CH8853), E. carolinus (CH8625), E. ephippiatus (CH7737), E. jennae (damaged; CH8267), Gymnoproctus rammei (CH8763), Eugasteroides loricatus (CH7352), Spalacomimus stettinenesis, S. talpa (CH7354), S. verruciferus (CH7188). Scale 5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Oscillograms of song types in Hetrodini. Song consisting A of long trills (Cosmoderus femoralis CH8627), B of broken trills (including transitions to long echemes; B1 Spalacomimus talpa, B2 Enyaliopsis jennae, B3 Enyaliopsis ephippiatus) or C of regularly repeated echemes (C1 Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus, C2 Eugaster guyoni). 1-min-sections.

FIGURE 6. Power spectra of male calling songs in Hetrodini species

FIGURE 7. Oscillograms of the calling songs in the genera Acanthoplus, Gymnoproctus, Acanthoproctus and Hetrodes (figures of Acanthoplus, Acanthoproctus and Hetrodes based on figures and data from literature; see text). A Acanthoplus discoidalis, B–C Acanthoplus longipes, D Gymnoproctus rammei, E Gymnoproctus sculpturatus, F Gymnoproctus spec., G Acanthoproctus cervinus, H Acanthoproctus diadematus, I Hetrodes pupus. Left column overview (5-s-section), right column detail (250-mssection).

FIGURE 9. Titillator and genitalic sclerites in Hetrodini, Enyaliopsina. First row A Cosmoderus femoralis (CH8627), B Enyaliopsis bloyeti (Kazimzumbwi), C Enyaliopsis carolinus (Minziro), D Enyaliopsis ephippiatus (Rau Forest); second row E Enyaliopsis spec. 1 near ephippiatus (Mwala), F Enyaliopsis jennae (Uluguru), G Enyaliopsis spec. 2 (Mpwapwa), H Enyaliopsis spec. 3 (East Chenene); third row I Gymnoproctus rammei (Puge Simbo), J Gymnoproctus spec. (East Chenene).

FIGURE 12. Examples of chromosome number and heterochromatin C-banding of mitotic male (A–C, G–K) and mitotic female complements (D), as well as diplotene/diakinesis (C, E, I on the right), and metaphase I (F) for the following Hetrodini taxa: A Cosmoderus femoralis, 2n = 24 + X0 (CH8626), B Enyaliopsis bloyeti, 2n = 28 + X0 (HE114), C Enyaliopsis carolinus, 2n =24 + neo-XY (CH8625), D Enyaliopsis ephippiatus, 2n = 26 + XX (female CH7849), E Enyaliopsis jennae, 2n = 26 + neo- XY (HE87), F Enyaliopsis spec. 2 Mpwapwa, 2n = 26 + X0 (CH8353), G Gymnoproctus rammei, 2n = 26 + X0 (CH8763), H Gymnoproctus spec., 2n = 26 + X0 (CH7953), I Spalacomimus magnus, 2n = 16 + X0 (CH7945), J Spalacomimus verruciferus, 2n = 22 + neo-XY (CH7897), K Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus, 2n = 22 + neo-XY (CH7899). Bi-armed chromosomes (meta/submeta/subacrocentric) are marked with numbers (A, C, D, F–I); in the neo-XY system, sex chromosomes form association in diplotene (C) and metaphase I (I); arrowheads indicate interstitial C-bands in 1 (A, E, J, K) and 2 (I) pairs; asterisks (*) marked distal C-bands in 3, 4, 5 (C), 3, 4 (D), 2-heteromorphic (G, H) pair; X = neo-X and Y = neo-Y sex chromosomes. Scale bar = 10 µm.