Spalacomimus stettinensis ( Weidner, 1941 )

Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Chobanov, Dragan, Warchałowska-Śliwa, Elżbieta & Hemp, Claudia, 2022, Review of song patterns and sound production in armoured ground crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodini) with karyological data and taxonomic notes, Zootaxa 5120 (4), pp. 451-481 : 474

Spalacomimus stettinensis ( Weidner, 1941)

Material examined: 1 male (SR), TANZANIA, Lambo Estate, Mt Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, October 2013, leg. C. Hemp ; 2 males (SF, TI), Lambo Estate , November 2021, leg. C. Hemp ; 1 male [designated as neotype by Weidner (1955), ZMH 64610 ( TI)], UGANDA, Entebbe, leg. H. Rolle.

References: Hemp 2021

Bioacoustics. Tegmina ( Fig. 3 ), stridulatory file ( Table 1 ), and spectrum of the song ( Fig. 6 ) do not show large differences to the typical Hetrodini pattern. The calling song ( Fig. 10F ) consists of long series of echemes (ERR 0.3 Hz; as song type C 1 in Fig. 5 ). An echeme has 48 syllables which are repeated at a rate of 26 Hz (all data for 21ºC).

Genitalia. The titillator is very massive with long basal parts ( Fig. 11B ). Its main part is nearly as wide as long, a little narrowed at base and showing a broad and flat or broadly rounded tip. Also the lateral sclerites are well-developed. The titillator of our specimen agrees very well with that of the neotype ( Fig. 11C ).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Left male tegmina of Acanthoplus discoidalis (CH8946), Acanthoproctus cervinus (CH8947), Hetrodes pupus (CHelb8948), Enyaliopsis bloyeti (CH8853), E. carolinus (CH8625), E. ephippiatus (CH7737), E. jennae (damaged; CH8267), Gymnoproctus rammei (CH8763), Eugasteroides loricatus (CH7352), Spalacomimus stettinenesis, S. talpa (CH7354), S. verruciferus (CH7188). Scale 5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Oscillograms of song types in Hetrodini. Song consisting A of long trills (Cosmoderus femoralis CH8627), B of broken trills (including transitions to long echemes; B1 Spalacomimus talpa, B2 Enyaliopsis jennae, B3 Enyaliopsis ephippiatus) or C of regularly repeated echemes (C1 Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus, C2 Eugaster guyoni). 1-min-sections.

FIGURE 6. Power spectra of male calling songs in Hetrodini species

FIGURE 10. Oscillograms of the calling songs in the genera Eugaster, Eugasteroides and Spalacomimus (figures of S. liberianus based on figures and data from literature; see text). A Eugaster guyoni, B Eugaster spinulosa, C Eugasteroides loricatus, D Spalacomimus liberianus, E Spalacomimus magnus, F Spalacomimus stettinensis, G Spalacomimus talpa, H Spalacomimus verruciferus, I Spalacomimus spec. near verruciferus.

FIGURE 11. Titillators in the genus Spalacomimus. A S. magnus (Gulwe), B S. stettinensis (Lambo Estate), C S. stettinensis (neotype), D S. talpa (Lembeni), E S. verruciferus (Lake Chala), F S. spec. near verruciferus (Lossogonoi).