Phronia sompio Salmela

Salmela, Jukka & Kolcsar, Levente-Peter, 2017, New and poorly known Palaearctic fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea), Biodiversity Data Journal 5, pp. 11760-11760 : 11760

Phronia sompio Salmela sp. n.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: DIPT-JS-2014-0011 ; recordedBy: J. Salmela; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Finland; stateProvince: Regio kuusamoensis; verbatimLocality: Salla, Värriö Strict Nature Reserve, Kuntasjoki; verbatimLatitude: 67.749; verbatimLongitude: 29.616; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: J. Salmela; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2013-6-4 /29; habitat: old-growth boreal riparian forest with seepages; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMUT Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: DIPT-JS-2015-0101 ; recordedBy: J. Salmela; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Finland; stateProvince: Regio kuusamoensis; verbatimLocality: Salla, Värriö Strict Nature Reserve, Kuntasjoki; verbatimLatitude: 67.750; verbatimLongitude: 29.620; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: J. Salmela; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2013-6-29 /7-29; habitat: riparian forest with lush vegetation and large amount of decaying trees,; Record Level: institutionCode: JES Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: DIPT-JS- 2014-0404 ; recordedBy: J. Salmela; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Finland; stateProvince: Lapponia kemensis pars orientalis; verbatimLocality: Savukoski, Urho Kekkonen National Park, Tyyroja; verbatimLatitude: 68.143; verbatimLongitude: 28.574; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; verbatimSRS: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: J. Salmela; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2014-7-1 /8-5; habitat: riparian meadow, spring brook with abundant Palustriella mosses; Record Level: institutionCode: JES

Description

Male. Head brown, vertex covered by pale setae, frons glabrous. Ocelli in a line, central ocellus smallest, lateral ocelli close to eyes, their distance from eye less than their own width. Eyes pubescent. Palpi brown, bearing light setae. Length ratio of palpal segments 3-5: 3:4=0.88, 4:5=0.61. Penultimate segment 2.62 times as long as wide, last segment 4.67 times as long as wide. Third palpomere with a sensory pit in its base. Antennae brown, 16-segmented (scape, pedicel and 14 flagellomeres), pedicel and base of first flagellomere yellowish brown. Scape:pedicel length ratio 1.47. Flagellomeres cylindrical, length:width ratio of 1st flagellomere 2.27, 4th flagellomere 1.67 and apical flagellomere 1.90. Flagellomeres covered by dense light setosity, setae slightly curved, their length shorter than width of respective flagellomere.

Thorax generally brown, except scutum that has yellowish brown anterior corners. Scutum with mainly pale setosity, two stout and long posterodorsal setae are present just above scutellum. Mediotergite bare, other sclerites bearing setae. Scutellum with four stout marginal setae. Halteres pale, bearing weak light setae and setulae.

Wings hyaline, veins light brown. Bases of M1 and M2, M1+2, base of r-m, bM1+2, bRs and Sc bare, other veins setose. C slightly exceeding tip of R5. Sc ending free. Length ratio of M1+2:r-m = 1.03. Wing length 1.8 mm.

Coxae yellow, bearing dark setae, legs yellowish. Length ratio of femur to tibia for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.02, 1.0, 0.84. Length ratio of tibia to basitarsus for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.28, 1.6, 1.63. Anteroapical depressed area of the fore tibia ovate, having ca. 20 light setae arranged in a curved row. Ratio of apical width of tibia:length of longest tibial spur for fore, mid and hind legs: 0.37, 0.30, 0.29.

Abdominal tergites and sternites brown, bearing light setae. 9th tergite and cerci without peculiar characteristics. Ventroapical margin of gonocoxite with a marked median emargination (Fig. 10b). Ventral lobe of gonostylus short, truncated, bearing two rather long subapical setae (Fig. 10b). Dorsal lobe of gonostylus widest apically, having 10 stout apical setae (Fig. 10a). Mesial portion of gonostylus relatively simple, having no comb-like structures (Fig. 10b, c, d, e); medially with a prominent, finger-like projection (1) and stemming from the same base a shorter projection (3), best visible in outer lateral view; these outgrowths are framed by a rounded, hyaline protrusion (2). Length:width ratio of aedeagal complex 1.14. Caudal margin of aedeagus notched, wide U-shaped, lateral apices, that may be parameres, appear bifurcated in ventral view (this is due to folding of the lateral apices). Median portion of aedeagus infuscated (Fig. 10a, f).

Diagnosis

A small species that is different from the known member of the genus. The male hypopygium has the following diagnostic characters: the ventroapical margin of the gonocoxites has a deep notch; the mesial projection of the gonostylus lacks comb-like structures but bears a prominent finger-like projection and a rounded, hyaline protrusion; the aedeagal complex is about as long as broad and is apically notched.

Etymology

The name of the new species refers to the old Forest Sami name of the region, Sompio, meaning large area bordered by aapamires. The biogeographical province of Lapponia kemensis pars orientalis, abbreviated as Lkor, is in Finnish "Sompion Lappi". The name is a noun in apposition.

Distribution

The species has been collected so far from three localities, all of these from eastern Finnish Lapland close to the Russian border. In fact, all of the collecting sites belong to the River Tuuloma catchment area east of the Maanselkä divide, so the waters finally flow to the Barents Sea in Russia.

Ecology

Collecting sites are small waterbodies (spring-fed headwater streams, spring brooks) surrounded by old-growth boreal forests.

Taxon discussion

The new species stands apart from all other Holarctic members of the genus.

DNA barcoding

BOLD Sample ID: DIPT-JS-2014-0011. BOLD Process ID: SCFI001-15.

BOLD Sample ID: DIPT-JS-2015-0101. BOLD Process ID: SCFI164-15.

BOLD Sample ID: DIPT-JS-2014-0404. BOLD Process ID: SCFI102-15.

Barcoding of the holotype and paratypes failed.