Netomocera, Boucek. Although, 1954

Desjardins, Christopher A., 2007, Phylogenetics and classification of the world genera of Diparinae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Zootaxa 1647 (1), pp. 1-88 : 70-72

Species of Netomocera :

africana Hedqvist. AFROTROPICAL : South Africa.

Netomocera africana Hedqvist 1971: 238–239 ( Figs. 1 , 2 ). Holotype female?: S. Africa, Pondoland , Port St. John , 6–25 Febr. 1924, coll. R. E. Turner. (BMNH, not examined). 1 female and 3 male paratypes: S. Africa, Pondoland , Port. St. John, 6–25 Febr. 1924, coll. R. E. Turner. (1 male, BMNH, not examined, 1 female, KHPC, not examined), Dec. 1923, coll. R. E. Turner. (1 male, BMNH, not examined, 1 male, KHPC, not examined).

alboscapus Hedqvist. AFROTROPICAL : Congo.

Netomocera alboscapus Hedqvist 1971: 238 ( Figs. 1 , 2 ). Holotype female: Congo. (KHPC, not examined). nearctica Yoshimoto. NEARCTIC : Canada.

Netomocera nearctica Yoshimoto 1977: 1044–1048 ( Figs. 3 , 10 , 22 , 28 ). Holotype female: Chatterton , 13 mi North of Belleville, Ont., 27.V.1968, M63 Top, coll. C. D. Dondale, in meadow. Allotype male: Ottawa, Ont., 3.VI.1940, coll. O. Peck. (CNC, not examined).

nigra Sureshan & Narendran. ORIENTAL : India.

Netomocera nigra Sureshan & Narendran 1990: 223–224 ( Figs. 7–14 ). Holotype female: India: Kerala, Calicut University Campus , vii.1986, coll. T. C. Narendran and party. Allotype male: India: Kerala, Calicut University Campus, i.1986, T. C. Narendran and party. 1 female and 3 male paratypes: India: Kerala, Peechi, 29.x.1985, T. C. Narendran and party (1 female), India: Kerala, Calicut University Campus, i.1986 and xii.1986, coll. T. C. Narendran and party (2 males), India: Kerala, Calicut University Campus, 3.v.1988, coll. P. M. Sureshan (1 male). (Type location uncertain).

rufa Hedqvist. AFROTROPICAL : South Africa.

Netomocera rufa Hedqvist 1971: 241 ( Figs. 1 , 2 ). Holotype female: S. Africa, Pondoland , Port St. John, July 10–31, 1923, coll. R. E. Turner. (BMNH, not examined).

sedlaceki Bouček. AUSTRALIAN: Australia (Queensland, ACT).

Netomocera sedlaceki Bouček 1988: 336 (Figs. 606–607). Holotype female: QLD: Brookfiled, nr Brisbane, 9.i.1983, pan trap, coll. Z. Bouček. 20 male and 2 female paratypes: QLD: 1 male, Conway Range nr Proserpine , 2.xii.1976, coll. Z. Bouček (1 male), Mt Ossa N of Mackay, 28.x.1976, coll. Z. Bouček (1 male), Mt Archer nr Rockhampton , 4.xii.1976, coll. Z. Bouček (2 males), Cooloola Nat. Park , vi.1980, coll. J. S. Noyes (9 males), Brookfield , 27.xii.1982, 14. and 18.i.1983, coll. Z. Bouček (4 males and 2 females), Acacia Ridge nr Brisbane , 15.i.1977, coll. Z. Bouček (2 males), Capalaba , 8.vi.1980, coll. J. S. Noyes (1 male), 40 km W of Warwick, 31.x.1976, coll. Z. Bouček (1 male), Mt Tambourine , 21.xii.1976, coll. Z. Bouček (1 male), Mt Tambourine , x.–xi.1977, coll. Galloway (4males), Mt. Tambourine , 3.iii.1984, coll. L. Masner (1 male), Bell Bird Creek , Mt Lamington Nat. Park, 30.v.1966, coll. Z. Liepa (1 male), ACT: Ainslie, 8.ii.1977, coll. Z. Bouček (1 male). (ANIC, not examined).

setifera Bouček. PALEARCTIC : Eastern Europe.

Netomocera setifera Bouček 1954: 50–53 ( Fig. 1 ). Holotype female: Pouzdrany in southern Moravia, 3. VI. 1941, coll. Hoffer. 1 allotype and 1 paratype males: Noutonice-Kováry in Central Bohemia, 6. VI. 1953, coll. Z. Bouček. 5 male paratypes: Cejc, VII. 1940, and Turold in Pavlov Hills , 10. VII. 1952, in southern Moravia. (NMPC, not examined).

Nosodipara Bou č ek

( Fig. 69 )

Nosodipara Bouček 1988: 330–331 . Type species: Nosodipara monteithorum Bouček (orig. desig. and by monotypy).

Diagnosis: Female Nosodipara are uniquely recognized by having 5 anelli (antennal formula 11533). In addition, a combination of two characters also defines the genus. First, the dorsal edge of mesepimeron and metapleuron invaginated, creating longitudinal furrow (as in Fig. 46 , inv). Females of the genus Pseudoceraphron also possess this cavity. Generally this cavity is mostly covered by the pronotum and procoxae and only visible laterally, although in Nosodipara monteithorum the cavity is exposed and clearly visible. Also, female Nosodipara possess a conical scutellum which is postero-laterally compressed and tooth-like. The only other genera with conical scutella are the African Pyramidophoriella , Conodipara , Conophorisca , and some Dolichodipara , which all lack the invagination. The male Nosodipara is unknown, although it is suspected to be similar to the male Dipara .

Discussion: Nosodipara forms a clade with Pseudoceraphron in all phylogenetic analyses. This clade is strongly supported by 7 synapomorphies: a clubbed antennae, a micropilose clava, Y-shaped notauli, a flat and wide propodeum, a vertical postspiracular sulcus, presence of a longitudinal invagination, and the loss of metacoxal striations. Only the notaular form and loss of striations are homoplastic in the analysis. It is unclear whether or not Nosodipara represents a monophyletic taxon. It appears paraphyletic in the morphological analysis ( Nosodipara ferrana positioned as sister-taxon to Pseudoceraphron ), based on Nosodipara ferrana sharing reduced and convex axillae with Pseudoceraphron regieri . However, this character is transformed multiple times in the Nosodipara and Pseudoceraphron clade. Additionally, bristle presence/absence supports the paraphyly of Nosodipara in one of two most parsimonious reconstructions. However, bristles are sporadically lost and regained throughout the clade. Therefore the evidence for paraphyly of Nosodipara is somewhat tenuous.

Alternatively, monophyly of Nosodipara would be supported by the presence of 5 anelli, although this may represent an intermediate in a transformation series from the single anellus of Pyramidophoriella to the 7 anelli present in Pseudoceraphron . Many other characters differentiate Nosodipara from Pseudoceraphron in a diagnostic sense. However, they all appear sympleisiomorphic in the analysis (e.g., a laterally bulging pronotum). As the support for Nosodipara paraphyly is limited, the taxonomy of the genus will remain the same. In addition to the inconclusive phylogenetic evidence, synonymizing Nosodipara with Pseudoceraphron would unite two taxa with extreme morphological differences ( Pseudoceraphron is defined by 7 synapomorphies, 6 of them non-homoplastic).

Number of species: 2 described (northern Queensland), and possibly 1 undescribed similar to monteithorum (southern Queensland).

Distribution: Queensland, Australia. Found in rainforest litter.

Hosts: Unknown.

Key to species: given below.

Key to the species of Nosodipara Bou č ek

1 Vertex without strong, dark bristles; F2 longer than F1 ............................................ monteithorum Bouček

- Vertex with strong, dark bristles; F2 reduced, shorter than F1 ................... ferrana Desjardins , new species

Figures

FIGURE 1. Maximum parsimony tree based on successive approximations of the data set including both Bohpa and bristle positional characters (strict consensus of 45 trees, 86.3 steps, CI = 0.63, RI = 0.86, RCI = 0.54). Names in angle brackets refer to refer to units in the phylogenetic analysis, and do not represent valid names.

FIGURE 2. Maximum parsimony tree based on successive approximations of the data set including Bohpa but excluding bristle positional characters (strict consensus of 511 trees, 76.5 steps, CI = 0.61, RI = 0.86, RCI = 0.52). Names in angle brackets refer to refer to units in the phylogenetic analysis, and do not represent valid names.

FIGURE 3. Maximum parsimony tree based on successive approximations of the data set excluding Bohpa but including bristle positional characters (strict consensus of 63 trees, 87.2 steps, CI = 0.63, RI = 0.87, RCI = 0.55). Names in angle brackets refer to refer to units in the phylogenetic analysis, and do not represent valid names.

FIGURES 5–10. Conophorisca grisselli: 5, antenna; 6, clava; 7, head (frontal view); 8, head (ventro-latero-frontal view); 9, mesosoma (dorso-lateral view); 10, mesosoma - pronotum (dorso-lateral view).

FIGURES 17–22. Lelaps sp. A: 17, cercus. Lelaps sp. B: 18, head (dorsal view); 19, mesosoma (dorsal view); 20, mesosoma (lateral view); 21, metacoxa. Moranila sp.: 22, mesosoma (dorsal view).

FIGURES 23–28. Moranila sp.: 23, metacoxa (lateral view); 24, cercus. Myrmicolelaps aurantius: 25, antenna; 26, anellus; 27, head (frontal view); 28, mesosoma (lateral view).

FIGURES 65–70. Lateral habitus views: 65, Dozodipara insularis; 66, Myrmicolelaps iridius 67, M. aurantius; 68, Lelaps noorti; 69, Nosodipara ferrana; 70, Pseudoceraphron regieri.

FIGURES 41–46. Neapterolelaps sp.: 41, cercus. Pseudoceraphron burwelli: 42, antenna; 43, clava; 44, head (frontal view); 45, clypeus; 46, mesosoma including coxae (lateral view), inv = longitudinal invagination.