Nungia Zabka , 1985

Maddison, Wayne P., Beattie, Imara, Marathe, Kiran, Ng, Paul Y. C., Kanesharatnam, Nilani, Benjamin, Suresh P. & Kunte, Krushnamegh, 2020, A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini), ZooKeys 1004, pp. 27-97 : 27

Nungia Zabka, 1985

Nungia Zabka, 1985. Type species Nungia epigynalis Żabka, 1985.

Note.

At least 16 species of elongate dull brown salticids collected in field work in Asia and New Guinea were initially thought to be baviines (example photographs, Figs 275-282 ), but an analysis of two genes (Fig. 283 ) in nine of the species show that they form a clade with the similar Nungia epigynalis , nested within the Viciriini . Photographs of them were released by Maddison (2015b) under the name Nungia . Their distinction from baviines is also morphological. They have unident or fissident chelicerae and a carapace that is dark, matte (not shiny), distinctly flat-topped, and relatively square. The male first legs are fringed below; the embolus is usually short and fixed to the tegulum. The group is unreported but diverse in New Guinea (based partly on collecting by WPM, Maddison and Zhang 2011; Nungia there mistakenly reported under " Bavia and related genera"), as might be expected for a member of the Astioida . Capeyorkia falls within this group (Fig. 282 , 283 ; NPNGE and NPNGF are listed as Capeyorkia because of similarity of palps), and likely Pungalina as well. Both Pungalina and Capeyorkia may merit synonymy with Nungia . At least some species of Muziris Simon, 1901 belong here as well. Also within the group are two species misplaced in Bavia , one in Diplocanthopoda , and one in Cosmophasis . While we might have delayed their consideration until a future revision of Nungia , we address them here as part of organizing the baviines. We therefore make the following new combinations:

Nungia hatamensis (Thorell, 1881), comb. nov., transferred from Diplocanthopoda Abraham, 1925. See Fig. 280 .

Nungia modesta (Keyserling, 1883), comb. nov., transferred from Bavia . Based on Keyserling’s (1883) figures, body form and colouration typical of the New Guinea Nungia .

Nungia papakula (Strand, 1911), comb. nov., transferred from Bavia . Male and female syntypes in SMF examined; appears closely related to N. hatamensis and a likely senior synonym of Muziris wiehlei Berland, 1938. See Fig. 281 .

Nungia xiaolonghaensis (Cao & Li, 2016), comb. nov., transferred from Cosmophasis Simon, 1901. See Fig. 279 .

Some of these new combinations, and others made above in baviines, correct mistaken placements that may have resulted from convergence in the general form of the male palp. The palps of Nungia hatamensis , Nungia xiaolonghaensis , Maripanthus menghaiensis , Bavia capistrata , and Bavia maurerae do in fact resemble those of the genera in which they had been placed, respectively, Diplocanthopoda (a hasariine), Cosmophasis (a chrysilline), Nannenus (a nannenine), Evarcha (a plexippine), and Epidelaxia (a nannenine). Those genera are all in the Saltafresia , a group phylogenetically distinct from the astioids and baviines. The resemblance is largely restricted to the palps, as the remainder of the body is quite distinct in each case. Convergent evolution of the basic form of the palp is widespread in salticids, insofar as the palps are simple and variation in a single dimension (embolus length) can generate palps that look superficially quite similar. The general shape of the palp should be used with caution in determining relationships.

Figures

Figures 275 - 283. Nungia and Capeyorkia species and their phylogenetic placement, using informal species code names; all males except 277, female. 275 Nungia sp. " NUMUL ", Sarawak (specimen SWK 12 - 1943) 276 Nungia sp. " NSGPQ ", Singapore (specimen d 178) 277 Nungia sp. " NUBWH ", Sarawak (specimen SWK 12 - 3204) 278 Nungia sp. " NPNGK ", Papua New Guinea (specimen d 259) 279 Nungia xiaolonghaensis, Pahang (specimen MRB 078) 280 Nungia hatamensis, Papua New Guinea (specimen d 260) 281 Nungia papakula, Papua New Guinea, 9.436 ° S, 147.364 ° E (specimen 2008 PNG- 3538) 282 Capeyorkia sp. " NPNGE ", Papua New Guinea (specimen d 261) 283 molecular phylogeny placing Nungia species and related (in bold) within the viciriine astioids, based on IQ-TREE maximum likelihood analysis (50 replicates, partitioned) of 28 S and 16 SND 1 sequences, with bootstrap percentages from 500 replicates (shown only within the Astioida).