Rainieria, Rondani, 1843

Kim, Wonwoong, Weele, Ruud Van Der & Lee, Seunghwan, 2022, New records of Micropezidae (Diptera, Acalyptratae) from South Korea, with description of a new species of Rainieria Rondani, Zootaxa 5178 (1), pp. 26-40 : 29

Key to the Palearctic and Micronesian species of Rainieria

1. Male sternite 5 elongate, area excluding the fork twice as long as the genital fork—[ Japan (Ogasawara Islands)]........................................................................................ boninensis (Hennig, 1935)

- Male sternite 5 stout, area excluding the fork shorter or about as equal to the length genital fork ( Fig. 5 )................ 2

2. Mid and hind femora yellowish brown, with black ring of approximately 1/5 the length of femora at the apical 3/4 portion; wings uniformly infuscate, with faint discal band—[ China (Southwest), Taiwan]............... leucochira Czerny, 1932

- Mid and hind femora predominantly dark brown, with yellowish brown preapical ring ( Fig. 3 )........................ 3

3. Wings evenly infuscate, without dark discal band; basal half of mid- and hind femora gradually transitioning into lighter brown; extreme base of mid- and hind tibia without yellowish brown ring [Europe (Central, East)].......... latifrons ( Loew, 1870)

- Wings evenly infuscate with dark discal band; extreme base of mid- and hind femora often with a yellowish brown ring... 4

4. Short stout setae of the male sternite 5 varying in length, most long at the basal 1/4 region of the arm and gradually shortened to the apical portion of arm—[ Russia (Far East), Japan (Honshu)].............. hennigi Krivosheina & Krivosheina, 1996

- Short stout setae of the inner side of arm in male sternite 5 uniform in length...................................... 5

5. Male sternite 5 with slightly incurved arm (fig. 5A), female sternite 3 – 4 strongly reduced (fig. 6C–D); pleural membrane uniformly dark brown with distinct triangular white region below T 3–4 in female—[ China (Northeast), South Korea].................................................................................... triseta Li, Liu & Yang, 2012

- All female sternite well developed ( Fig. 6A–B ); pleural membrane uniformly dark brown ( Fig. 3A–B, E–F )............. 6

6. Hind tarsus uniformly dark brown; male sternite 5 with short stout setae of inner arm uniformly distributed, basal cleft triangular ( Fig. 5B ); epandrium relatively stout; phallic bulb almost reaching the base of epandrium; tip of distal distiphallus blunt ( Fig. 5E )—[ South Korea]........................................................... tenebrosa Kim & Lee sp. nov.

- Hind metatarsus white, hind tarsus otherwise dark brown; male sternite 5 with short stout setae of inner arm sparsely distributed in the middle, basal cleft significant ( Fig. 5C ); epandrium elongate; phallic bulb only reaching the middle half of the epandrium; tip of distal distiphallus distinctly sharp distally ( Fig. 5F )—[Europe (Central, East, West, North, South)]... calceata (Fallén, 1820)

Figures

FIGURE 3. Lateral habitus and spermathecae of Rainieria species. A, Rainieria calceata, male; B, ditto, female; C, Rainieria triseta, male; D, ditto, female; E, Rainieria tenebrosa, holotype male; F, ditto, paratype female; G, ditto, spermathecae and associated structures.

FIGURE 5. Male genital structure of Rainieria species. A, D: Rainieria triseta; B, E: Rainieria tenebrosa; C, F: Rainieria calceata. A–C, Male Sternite V (Genital fork); D–F: Various structures of male terminalia. Abbreviations: aa—phallapodeme; bd—basal distiphallus; c—cercus; dd—distal distiphallus; e—epandrium; ea—ejaculatory apodeme; ed—ejaculatory duct; h—hypandrium; pb—phallic bulb.

FIGURE 6. Female sternite structure of Rainieria species. A, Rainieria calceata; B, Rainieria tenebrosa; C, Rainieria triseta; D, ditto, ventral view of alcohol-preserved specimen. Note the reduction of sternite III–IV.