Caranx sp.

Gol’din, Pavel, Haiduc, Bogdan Stelian, Kovalchuk, Oleksandr, Górka, Marcin, Otryazhyi, Pavlo, Brânzilă, Mihai, Păun, Elena Ionela, Barkaszi, Zoltán, Ţibuleac, Paul & Răţoi, Bogdan Gabriel, 2020, The Volhynian (late Middle Miocene) marine fishes and mammals as proxies for the onset of the Eastern Paratethys re-colonisation by vertebrate fauna, Palaeontologia Electronica (a 43) 23 (3), pp. 1-20 : 7-8

Scombroidei indet.

Figure 3 D-E

1970 Caranx sp. (? gracilis Kramberger); Macarovici, pl. 1, fig. 5.

1970 Caranx sp. ; Macarovici, pl. 1, fig. 6.

Material and localities. Incomplete skeletons; Aroneanu, Erbiceni, Kolubaivtsi.

Description. There are two incomplete fish body imprints obtained from boreholes. One of them, 36 mm long, comes from Aroneanu (depth 280–282 m) and corresponds to the middle part of the body ( Figure 3E ). The body is 14.8 mm high. The vertebral column is located above the body midline, and its preserved part consists of 18–20 subrectangular vertebrae associated with long and thin arcuate ribs almost reaching the ventral margin of the abdomen. There are two deep impressions behind the head. The entire body is covered by large scales which are twice as high as long, with rounded edges. The specimen from Erbiceni (depth 230–232 m) is represented by the caudal part of the body ( Figure 3D ). Its dorsal profile is almost straight, whereas the ventral margin is sharply narrowing caudally. The depth ratio of dorsal and ventral portions of the body changes in anteroposterior direction from 1:2 to 1:1. The minimum body depth is 3.2 mm. Vertebrae are connected with long neural and haemal spines oriented backward at 40–45° to the longitudinal body axis. The anal-fin pterygiophores are robust. Also, the specimen from Kolubaivtsi is represented by a similar, although less preserved, caudal part of the body.

Remarks. All the examined specimens were diagnosed as Scombroidei according to the body shape, vertebrae and distinct squamation represented by high subrectangular scales ( Monsch and Bannikov, 2012). We identified them only to suborder level because of poor preservation.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Fish remains from the Volhynian beds of Romania and Ukraine: A-B – Sarmatella doljeana (Kramberger, 1884), anterior part of the body (A), and caudal part (B), Leucuşeşti; C – Clupeinae gen. et sp. indet., isolated scale, Voineşti; D-E – Scombroidei indet., caudal part (D), Erbiceni, and middle part of the body (E), Aroneanu; F – Sparus brusinai (Kramberger, 1882), skeleton, Hrushivtsi; G-H – Sparus cf. brusinai (Kramberger, 1882), right dentary in lateral (G) and dorsal view (H), Pârâul lui Gheorghe; I – Bothus parvulus (Kramberger, 1883), body imprint, Româneşti. Scale bars equal 2 mm in C, 5 mm in A-B, D-E, G-I, and 2 cm in F.