Petaloproctus Quatrefages, 1865

Assis, José Eriberto De, Alonso, Carmen & Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey, 2007, A catalogue and taxonomic keys of the Subfamily Nicomachinae (Polychaeta: Maldanidae) of the world, Zootaxa 1657, pp. 41-55 : 47-48

Genus Petaloproctus Quatrefages, 1865

Genus Petaloproctus Quatrefages, 1865: 247 . Type species: Petaloproctus terriculus Quatrefages, 1865 . Maldane Grübe, 1860: 92 ; Lumbriclymene Sars 1872: 413 ; Nicomachella Levinsen, 1883: 146 .

24. Petaloproctus borealis Arwidsson, 1907: 118 –122, pl. 3, figs. 85–90, pl. 8, 268–272. Type: NSMT K97– 11–125 (1). Type locality: North Sea.

Petaloproctus tenuis var. borealis Arwidsson, 1907: 118 –122, pl. 3, figs. 85–90, pl. 8, 268–272.

Petaloproctus borealis: Hartman 1948: 42 ; Uschakov 1955: 339, figs. 125h; Hartmann-Schröder 1971: 413 –412, figs. 151a–d; Hobson and Banse 1981: 76, fig. 17f; Imajima and Shiraki 1982: 44 –46, figs. 19a–k; Buzhinskaja 1985: 163; Imajima 2001: 86.

Geographic distribution: North Sea, Japan (Suruga Bay to Korea Strait), Okhotsk Sea, Pacific coast of North America.

Remarks: Imajima and Shiraki (1982) elevated the taxonomic status of the variety Petaloproctus tenuis var. borealis Arwidsson, 1907 to the specific rank Petaloproctus borealis , emphasizing that the variety is clearly distinguishable, by having 20 setigerous segments and an anal plate with a crenulated margin, while P. tenuis has 21 setigerous segments and an anal plate with a smooth margin.

26. Petaloproctus dentatus Imajima and Shiraki, 1982: 42 –44, figs. 18a–n. Holotype: NSMT–Pol. H 159. Paratypes: NSMT–Pol. 160, NSMT K97–11-250 (19), NSMT K97-11–300 (2), NSMT K98–1–250 (3). Type locality: Japan.

Petaloproctus dentatus: Imajima 2001: 87 .

Geographic distribution: Known only from the type locality.

27. Petaloproctus macrodentatus Lee and Paik, 1986: 23 , fig. 7a–g. Holotype: 1009 KORDI. Type locality: Yellow Sea, Korea.

Geographic distribution: Known only from the type locality.

28. Petaloproctus neoborealis Hartman, 1969: 471 , figs. 1–3. Holotype: not mentioned in description. Type locality: Off San Diego, California, USA, (32°3112 N; 11808 30 W).

Geographic distribution: Known only from the type locality.

29. Petaloproctus ornatus Hartman, 1969: 473 , figs. 1–4. Holotype not mentioned in description. Type locality: Palos Verdes Point, California, USA, (334800 N; 11832 0 0 W).

Petaloproctus ornatus: Hartman 1955: 19 .1, fig. 46.

Geographic distribution: Known only from the type locality.

30. Petaloproctus socialis Andrews, 1891: 295 –296, pl. 7, figs. 36–41. Type: EL–ECOSUR 2782. Type locality: North Carolina.

Petaloproctus socialis: Hartman 1945: 40 , pl. 8, figs. 3–4; Jimnez-Cueto and Salazar-Vallejo 1997: 1463, figs. a–c; Amaral, Nallin and Steiner 2006: 6, catalogue.

Geographic distribution: Northwestern Caribbean to North Carolina and South America, Brazil.

31. Petaloproctus tenuis ( Théel, 1879) : 57, figs. 52–54. Type: NMG, number not mentioned; CNRS St. 1425(5), 426(2), 451(4); USNM 10486. Type locality: Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts, USA.

Maldane tenuis Théel, 1879: 57 , figs. 52–54.

Maldane filifera Verrill, 1880: 179 .

Lumbriclymene filifera ( Verrill, 1880) Verrill 1900: 659 .

Petaloproctus filifer ( Verrill, 1880) Arwidsson, 1907: 141

Petaloproctus tenuis: Eliason 1920: 66 ; Annenkova 1937: 181; Hartman 1942: 42; 1948: 42; Berkeley and Berkeley 1952: 56, figs. 114–116; Pettibone 1954: 306 –307, figs. 34l–m; Rullier 1965: 194; Amoureux 1982: 198; Buzhinskaja 1985: 163; Lee and Paik 1986: 23, tab.

Geographic distribution: Off Cape Cod, Massachusetts; East Greenland; Spitsbergen; north Japan Sea; Novaya Zelmya; British Columbia to southeastern Alaska; Arctic, ( Pettibone 1954; Lee and Paik 1986).

32. Petaloproctus terriculus Quatrefages, 1865: 247 . Syntypes: USMN–POLY– TYPE 281–284. Type locality: France.

Petaloproctus terriculus: Fauvel 1927: 194 , fig. 68; Day 1955: 429; 1967: 622–623, figs. 30.2a–d; Rullier 1965: 194, without figs.; Solis-Weiss et al. 2004: appendix S7.

Nicomache macintosh Marenzeller, 1887: 19 , pl. 1, fig. 8.

Petaloproctus macintosh Augener, 1918: 491 .

Geographic distribution: East Atlantic from Angola to the English Channel.