Trichocnemis LeConte, 1851

Swift, Ian, Santos-Silva, Antonio & Nearns, Eugenio H., 2010, The genus Trichocnemis LeConte, 1851 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae), ZooKeys 61, pp. 33-46 : 38-40

Trichocnemis LeConte, 1851

Trichocnemis LeConte 1851: 110 (type species: Trichocnemis spiculatus LeConte, 1851, original designation); Melsheimer 1853: 100; White 1853: 35 (syn. under Macrotoma ); LeConte 1854: 218 (synonymy under Ergates ); Thomson 1861: 315 (involuntary revalidation); 1864: 298; Lacordaire 1869: 95 (involuntary synonymy); LeConte and Horn 1883: 271 (synonymy); Casey 1912 (revalidation; new status); Linsley 1962: 24 (synonymy); Villiers 1978: 55 (revalidation); Monné 1995: 15 (cat.; involuntary synonymy).

Ergates ( Trichocnemis ) LeConte 1869: 371 (reval.; new status); Casey 1890: 490 (revalidation); 1891: 20; Lameere 1904: 46; 1913: 46 (cat.; reversion of status); Lameere 1919: 81; Blackwelder 1946: 553 (cat.); Nishio 1956: 68.

Ergates Horn 1891: 41; Leng 1884: 8; Arnett 1962 855; 874:; Chemsak 1996: 84; Monné 2006: 37 (cat.; part); Monné and Hovore 2006: 10 (cat.; part).

Macrotoma White 1853: 35 (part).

Redescription.

Body large, elongate, integument light brown to dark-brown; in general, elytra lighter than the head and the pronotum. Male (Figs 1,3, 5-7). Head proportionally small; coronal suture clearly surpasses the posterior edge of the eyes; dorsal surface coarsely punctate; pilosity short and scattered. Area behind the eyes confluent punctate; pilosity short and clearly more abundant than in dorsal surface of the head. Antennal tubercles moderately prominent; apex rounded. Eyes small, not as long as scape in lateral view, and lower lobe narrower than scape at its widest point; dorsal interocular space equal or just narrower than twice the width of one upper eye lobe. Hypostomal area depressed to slightly depressed, rugose-punctate. Mandibles shorter than half of the length of the head, strongly curved inwards at almost straight angle; outer surface slightly tumid at basal one-third; inner margin not tumid and not strongly separated by the punctate area. Antennae short, just attaining the apical one-third of the elytra. Scape attaining to just surpassing the posterior edge of the eye lobe. Antennomere III moderately thick, with prominent denticles on ventral and lateral surface; longer than IV-V together. Genal apex spiniform. Maxillary palps short; palpomere II longer than the others; apex of the IV securiform or barely wider than base. Prothorax strongly tumid, entirely micropunctate. Pronotum with two large, deep and subtriangular antero-medial depressions; three punctiform, small, shallow to moderate, lateral antero-medial depressions, arranged diagonally; five punctiform, small, shallow to moderate depressions, at basal area; lateral margins with spines clearly present, longer at anterior and posterior angles; lateral angles rounded; pilosity very short, very scattered (disc almost glabrous), longer and more dense laterally or close to the posterior and anterior angles. Prosternum with short and very scattered pilosity. Prosternal process wide; apex rounded; lateral margins and apical one-third with long dense pilosity. Meso-, metasternum, and metepisternum densely pilose. Elytra rugose-punctate, circum-scutellar area mostly punctate; each elytron with at least two clear carinae; sutural apex with short spine or inermis. Coxae abundantly pilose. Femora with short pilosity, becoming more dense ventrally, mainly at meso- and metafemora; profemora slightly rugose. Protibiae moderately short and thick. Protarsomere I short and wide. Urosternites pilose, mainly laterally. Parameres (lateral lobes) of the tegmen elongated, clearly narrowed, thickened, and carinate at apical half (subcylindrical).

Female (Figs 2, 4, 8). Differing from male in the following manner: antennae reaching or just surpassing middle of the elytra; scape shorter, just attaining the posterior edge of the eyes; antennomere III thinner, lacking denticles; curvature inwards at apex of the mandible at an obtuse angle; prothorax much less tumid; pronotum rugoso-punctate, strongly convex; with callosities in place of the depressions of the antero-medial and basal areas found in males, and without depressions at lateral of the antero-medial areas; lateral margins with larger and more spines (usually, the spines are bifid or trifid at apex); lateral angles clearly acute; posterior angles rounded; proepisterna coarse punctate; proepimera nearly flat; profemora laterally flattened.

Diagnosis.

Trichocnemis differs from Ergates (Figs 9, 10) in the following manner: head proportionally small (0.6 times greatest width of pronotum in males); mandibles not strongly tumid at basal one-third of the outer surface; inner margin of the mandible not tumid and weakly separated by a punctate furrow; antennae of males do not reach the elytral apex; scape of the males reaches or surpasses the posterior edge of the eyes; antennomere III in males clearly thicker, with denticles, longer than IV and V together; antennomere III in females longer than IV and V together, attaining or almost attaining the base of the prothorax; pronotum distinctly tumid, mainly laterally, with deep and well marked depressions at disc; proepisternum, proepimerum, and prosternum (mainly close to the head) strongly tumid; lateral margins of the pronotum with at least some spines in both sexes; anterior angles of pronotum spinose in both sexes; lateral angle of the pronotum of the males not marked; profemora of males slightly rugose; elytra rugoso-punctate, with clear carinae; protibiae of males moderately short and thick; protarsomere I short and wide in both sexes; parameres of the tegmen elongated, clearly narrowed, thickened, and carinate at apical half.

In Ergates , the head is proportionally large (0.6 times greatest width of pronotum in males); mandibles strongly tumid at basal one-third of the outer surface, mainly in males; inner margin of the mandible tumid and strongly separated by a punctate furrow; antennae of males attain or surpass the elytral apex; scape of males not attaining posterior edge of eyes; antennomere III of the males clearly thinner, without denticles, and as long as IV-V together; antennomere III of the females does not attain the base of the prothorax, as long as IV-V together; pronotum not tumid, with callosities in place of the punctate depressions found in Trichocnemis ; proepisternum and proepimerum not tumid; prosternum not tumid near head; lateral margins of the pronotum crenulated in both sexes; anterior angles of the pronotum wide and rounded in both sexes; lateral angle of the pronotum with prominent spines in both sexes (lateral angles acute in males); profemora of males strongly rugose; elytra coarse and densely punctate, with feeble carinae; protibiae of the males long and narrow; protarsomere I long and narrow in both sexes; parameres of the tegmen short, not narrowed after middle, somewhat concave, thickened only at outer lateral and apical one-third.

Trichocnemis differs from Callergates (Figs 11, 12) as follows: eyes not large; prothorax with distinct lateral declivities; genitalia of male shorter, with apex of the parameres of the tegmen thickened at apical half, and the median lobe enlarged at base and distinctly convergent to the apex. In Callergates the eyes are large, the prothorax lacks lateral declivities, the genitalia of the male is longer, with the apex of the parameres of the tegmen not thickened at apical half, and the median lobe is distinct narrower at base and slightly convergent to the apex. Additionally, the protibia in males are similar to Ergates .

Key to the genera and species of Callergates, Ergates, and Trichocnemis

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