Cambaremys langertoni, França & Langer, 2005

Gaffney, Eugene S., Meylan, Peter A., Wood, Roger C., Simons, Elwyn & De Almeida Campos, Diogenes, 2011, Evolution Of The Side-Necked Turtles: The Family Podocnemididae, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (350), pp. 1-237 : 58-59

Cambaremys langertoni França and Langer, 2005

TYPE SPECIMEN: CPP 0252, partial carapace, mesoplastron, xiphiplastra, limb and vertebral elements ( França and Langer, 2005).

TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘Quarry 2 of Price (see Campos and Kellner, 1999), at 900 m high, in the Serra do Veadinho area, municipality of Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil; about 2.5 km to the N-NW of the village of Peirópolis,’’ 19 ° 43 9 12 0 S, 47 ° 45 9 12 0 W ( França and Langer, 2005: 395). This locality is close to, but not the same as, the site of the large-scale excavations at Caiera Quarry , called ‘‘outcrop 1’’ in Carvalho et al. (2004: 978), Novas et al. (2008: 628), and shown in the quarry map in Kellner et al. (2005: 533), which have yielded the large collection of turtle specimens including Peirópolis A, Peirópolis B, and the types of Pricemys and Peiropemys . Novas et al. (2008: fig. 2) show a map with ‘‘outcrop 1’’ and ‘‘outcrop 2’’ which are presumed to be these two localities. Apparently (ibid.) the stratigraphic levels of the two sites are about the same, and we presume that Cambaremys , Pricemys , and Peiropemys were contemporaneous with each other and with the shell taxa Peirópolis A and Peirópolis B.

HORIZON: Serra da Galga Member, Marília Fm., Late Cretaceous, probably Maastrichtian ( França and Langer, 2005: 395).

DIAGNOSIS: As for genus.

REFERRED MATERIAL: Known only from the type. We know of no additional specimens that could be referred to this taxon.

PREVIOUS WORK: França and Langer (2005, 2006), Oliveira and Romano (2007), Romano et al. (2009).

DISCUSSION: Our understanding of this taxon is based on the type description ( França and Langer, 2005), as well as the dissertation in which the type (CPP-0252) is described in detail ( França, 2004). We agree with Broin (1991) and França and Langer (2006) that there are multiple taxa represent- ed in the material from late Cretaceous horizons in the vicinity of the town of Peirópolis. We have identified three shell morphologies: Cambaremys ( França and Langer, 2005), Peirópolis A, Peirópolis B, and two types of skulls, Pricemys caiera and Peiropemys mezzalirai . To our knowledge, there are no skull-shell associations for the Peirópolis material (see also Broin, 1991), so at this time we name only the skulls with the understanding that if and when skull-shell associations are found, the nomenclature may need to be revised.

Romano et al. (2009) have suggested that the incompletely known Cambaremys langertoni is probably a juvenile Roxochelys wanderleyi . We disagree with this assessment. We have studied the type of Roxochelys wanderleyi , which is a plastron and partial carapace, and our independent assessment agrees with Romano et al. (2009: figs. 2B, 3C) that two additional complete shells (DGM LE 307, DGM Mezzalira) can be assigned to Roxochelys wanderleyi (see discussion in Systematics). This additional material allows a relatively complete understanding of the shell of this taxon. Although the type and only known specimen of Cambaremys langertoni is a carapace with only a small portion of the plastron, it is clear that these taxa differ in several significant features (table 4). The nuchal of Cambaremys is longer than wide while that of Roxochelys is the widest relative to length among the Cretaceous and early Tertiary South American podocnemidids we have studied (fig. 94). Furthermore, the nuchal of Cambaremys is narrower anteriorly than in Roxochelys , which is the widest in this set of taxa. It addition, the axillary buttress scar is parallel sided in Cambaremys as is shown for Peirópolis A (fig. 93A) and not tapering laterally as in Roxochelys (and Peirópolis B, fig. 93B), and the second costal is not thickened posterior to the axillary buttress in Cambaremys as it is in Roxochelys . Therefore, we conclude that although Cambaremys is poorly known and incertae sedis, it is not Roxochelys . In some ways it is more similar to Peirópolis A, but we have refrained from referring Peirópolis A to Cambaremys because the type of Cambaremys lacks important autapomophic features of Peirópolis A (see table 4 and below).

França and Langer (2005: 408–409) discuss and reject the possibility that Cambaremys is a juvenile ‘‘ Podocnemis ’’ brasiliensis . But Oliveira and Romano (2007) and we consider the latter taxon to be a nomen dubium.

Cerrejonemys Cadena, Bloch, and Jaramillo, 2010

TYPE SPECIES: Cerrejonemys wayuunaiki Cadena, Bloch, and Jaramillo, 2010 .

DISTRIBUTION: Paleocene of northern Colombia.

ETYMOLOGY: See Cadena et al. (2010).

DIAGNOSIS: As for species.