Belisana nayong Wang, S. Li & Yao, 2024

Wang, Bing, Li, Jinglin, Li, Shuqiang & Yao, Zhiyuan, 2024, Nine new spider species of Belisana Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from karst caves, with a list of species of the genus from Guizhou, southwestern China, ZooKeys 1216, pp. 265-302 : 265-302

Belisana nayong Wang, S. Li & Yao sp. nov.

Figs 8 , 9 , 22 G, H , 24 G, H

Type material.

Holotype: China • ♂; Guizhou, Bijie, Nayong County, Laosiba Town, Bailong Cave ; 26 ° 50.166 ' N, 105 ° 31.222 ' E; alt. 1468 m; 27 Apr. 2007; J. Liu & Y. Lin leg.; IZCAS - Ar 45198 . Paratypes: China • 3 ♂; same data as for holotype; IZCAS - Ar 45199 –201 • 4 ♀; same data as for holotype; IZCAS - Ar 45202 –05 .

Diagnosis.

The new species resembles B. yongcong sp. nov. (Figs 14 , 15 , 23 A, B , 25 C, D ) by having similar bulbal apophysis (hooked; Fig. 9 C ) and vulva (anterior arch ridge-shaped, pore plates curved, long elliptic and 8 × longer than wide; Figs 9 B , 24 H ), but can be distinguished by procursus with pointed ventro-subdistal membranous process (arrow 1 in Figs 8 C , 22 G vs blunt), by male cheliceral distal apophyses pointing inwards (da in Fig. 9 D vs outwards), and by epigyne with postero-median pockets (ep in Figs 9 A , 24 G vs lateral).

Description.

Male (holotype): Total length 2.33 (2.50 with clypeus), prosoma 0.86 long, 0.89 wide, opisthosoma 1.47 long, 1.15 wide. Leg I: 31.51 (8.33, 0.42, 7.82, 13.08, 1.86), leg II missing, leg III: 19.77 (5.08, 0.39, 5.04, 7.88, 1.38), leg IV missing; tibia I L / d: 89. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME – PME 0.10, PME 0.10, PME – ALE 0.02. Sternum width / length: 0.68 / 0.64. Habitus as in Fig. 9 E, F . Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish, with brown radiating marks; clypeus brown; sternum yellowish. Legs whitish, without darker rings. Opisthosoma yellowish, without spots. Thoracic furrow absent. Clypeus unmodified. Chelicerae with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses (pa in Fig. 9 D ) and pair of curved distal apophyses (distance between tips: 0.02; da in Fig. 9 D ). Palp as in Fig. 8 A, B ; trochanter with ventral apophysis (as long as wide, arrow 1 in Fig. 8 B ); femur with retrolatero-proximal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 8 B ); procursus simple proximally but complex distally, with ventro-subdistal membranous process (arrow 1 in Figs 8 C , 22 G ), prolatero-distal membranous lamella (arrow 2 in Figs 8 C , 22 G ) bearing proximally sclerotized part, dorso-distal spine (arrow 3 in Figs 8 C , 22 G ), and retrolateral membranous flap (f in Figs 8 D , 22 H ); bulb with hooked apophysis (ba in Fig. 9 C ) and simple embolus (e in Fig. 9 C ). Retrolateral trichobothria on tibia I at 4 % proximally; legs with short vertical setae on metatarsi; tarsus I with 18 distinct pseudosegments.

Female (paratype, IZCAS - Ar 45202 ): Similar to male, habitus as in Fig. 9 G, H . Total length 2.47 (2.67 with clypeus), prosoma 0.81 long, 0.88 wide, opisthosoma 1.66 long, 1.40 wide; tibia I: 4.65; tibia I L / d: 58. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME – PME 0.11, PME 0.10, PME – ALE 0.02. Sternum width / length: 0.68 / 0.64. Epigyne simple and flat, posteriorly curved, with pair of postero-median pockets 0.02 apart (ep in Figs 9 A , 24 G ). Vulva with ridge-shaped anterior arch (aa in Figs 9 B , 24 H ) and pair of curved, long elliptic pore plates (8 × longer than wide, pp in Figs 9 B , 24 H ).

Variation.

Tibia I in three male paratypes ( IZCAS - Ar 45199 –201): 6.15, 6.35, 6.50. Tibia I in the other three female paratypes ( IZCAS - Ar 45203 –05): 4.45, 4.50, 4.74.

Habitat.

The species was found in the dark zone inside the cave.

Distribution.

China (Guizhou, type locality; Fig. 1 ).

Etymology.

The specific name refers to the type locality; noun in apposition.

Figures

Figure 1. Distribution records of the Belisana species from Guizhou, China 1 Belisana bijie sp. nov. 2 B. daji Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 3 B. douqing Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 4 B. galeiformis Zhang & Peng, 2011 5 B. lii Chen, Yu & Guo, 2016 6 B. liupanshui sp. nov. 7 B. majiang sp. nov. 8 B. nayong sp. nov. 9 B. qixingguan sp. nov. 10 B. wangchengi Wang, Yao & Zhang, 2024 11 B. xishui Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 12 B. xiuwen sp. nov. 13 B. yanhe Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 14 B. yongcong sp. nov. 15 B. yuhaoi Yang & Yao, 2023 16 B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 17 B. zhouxi sp. nov. 18 B. zunyi sp. nov.

Figure 8. Belisana nayong sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventral apophysis, arrow 2 points at retrolatero-proximal protrusion) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventro-subdistal membranous process, arrow 2 points at prolatero-distal membranous lamella, arrow 3 points at dorso-distal spine D retrolateral view). Abbreviations: b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, e = embolus, f = flap, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A, B); 0.05 (C, D).

Figure 9. Belisana nayong sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 (A – D); 0.40 (E – H).

Figure 14. Belisana yongcong sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventral apophysis, arrow 2 points at retrolatero-proximal protrusion) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventro-subdistal membranous lamella, arrow 2 points at prolatero-distal membranous lamella, arrow 3 points at sclerotized dorso-subdistal apophysis D retrolateral view). Abbreviations: b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, e = embolus, f = flap, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A, B); 0.02 (C, D).

Figure 15. Belisana yongcong sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 (A – D); 0.40 (E – H).

Figure 22. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (The arrows point at the same structures as those shown in the photos of each species) A, B Belisana bijie sp. nov. C, D B. liupanshui sp. nov. E, F B. majiang sp. nov. G, H B. nayong sp. nov. I, J B. qixingguan sp. nov. K, L B. xiuwen sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 23. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (The arrows point at the same structures as those shown in the photos of each species) A, B Belisana yongcong sp. nov. C, D B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 E, F B. zhouxi sp. nov. G, H B. zunyi sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 24. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana bijie sp. nov., arrow points at lateral sclerite C, D B. liupanshui sp. nov., arrow points at lateral sclerite E, F B. majiang sp. nov. G, H B. nayong sp. nov I, J B. qixingguan sp. nov., arrow points at sclerotized protrusion. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 25. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana xiuwen sp. nov. C, D B. yongcong sp. nov. E, F B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 G, H B. zhouxi sp. nov. I, J B. zunyi sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10.