Anthophorini, Dahlbom

Engel, Michael S., 2018, A new genus of anthophorine bees from Brunei (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Journal of Melittology 2018 (78), pp. 1-13 : 8-12

Key to Genera of Anthophorini

(modified from Michener, 2007)

1. Forewing with 1m-cu meeting second submarginal cell near middle ( Figs. 8, 9 ); third submarginal cell subquadrate, with anterior and posterior margins of about equal length, and basal and distal margins of about equal length; male gonostylus usually less than one-third as long as gonocoxa, often not double, sometimes reduced to almost nothing ..................................................... 2

—. Forewing with 1m-cu terminating at or near apex of second submarginal cell ( Figs. 10–15 ); third submarginal cell (except in Habrophorula and Varthemapistra ) with anterior margin much shorter than posterior margin because of curvature of 2rs-m ( Figs. 10–13 ), such that posterior margin of cell is longer than basal margin; male gonostylus double, dorsal and ventral gonostylar processes usually both one-third as long as gonocoxa or more ................. 3

2(1). Arolia present (worldwide except Australian Region) ......... Anthophora Latreille

—. Arolia absent (Eastern Hemisphere) ............................................... Amegilla Friese

3(1). Pterostigma almost absent, represented by minute area broader than long ( Fig. 12 ); terga II–V or at least to tergum III with lateral, longitudinal parts of graduli strong, sometimes reaching posterior marginal zones of terga; pygidial plate of male present as a well-defined apical process of tergum VII, margined by carinae across apex and at sides, at least apically (Africa, Madagascar) .................................................................................. Pachymelus Smith

—. Pterostigma at least as long as broad, usually much longer than broad ( Figs. 13–14 ); terga II–V commonly without lateral longitudinal parts of graduli ( Habropoda ), with such parts weakened ( Deltoptila ), or sometimes distinct ( Elaphropoda , Habrophorula , Varthemapistra ); pygidial plate of male absent or indicated by smooth bare area margined by carina only across apex ........... 4

4(3). Malar space at least twice as long as antennal pedicel ( Fig. 26–27 ); crossvein cu-a of hind wing nearly transverse, at angle of 50° or more to first abscissa of M+Cu (Mesoamerica) ........................................................ Deltoptila LaBerge & Michener

—. Malar space linear to about as long as antennal pedicel ( Figs. 19 , 21 ); vein cu-a of hind wing usually conspicuously oblique, at angle of 45° or less to first abscissa of M + Cu (except nearly transverse in Habrophorula ) (Holarctic, Oriental) ....... 5

5(4). Female first flagellomere length 2.75× apical width or frequently more, three-quarters length or longer than scape; mandible with one preapical tooth, thus bidentate; sternum VII of male strongly sclerotized, disc giving rise to large apical process, base of which often bears transverse ridge; flabellum absent (Holarctic, Oriental) ................................................ Habropoda Smith

—. Female first flagellomere length about 2× apical width or less, distinctly shorter than scape, often one-half length of scape; mandible with two preapical teeth or without teeth; sternum VII of male weakly sclerotized, if apical process present, then without transverse ridge at base of narrow apical process; flabellum present .............................................................................................. 6

6(4). Mandible simple, without preapical teeth ( Fig. 4 ); metatibia with setae on outer surface distinctly fuscous medially; third submarginal cell with anterior border only slightly shorter than posterior border ( Fig. 7 ) (Borneo) ................................. .................................................................................................. Varthemapistra , n. gen.

—. Mandible with two preapical teeth, thus tridentate (second preapical tooth in Habrophorula in more proximal position, nearer to midlength on dorsal surface, often worn); metatibia with setae on anterior and outer surfaces uniformly light in color (white, yellow, tawny); third submarginal cell with anterior border either distinctly shorter than posterior border ( Fig. 11 ) ( Elaphropoda ) or with borders nearly equal ( Fig. 14 ) ( Habrophorula ) .............................................. 7

7(6). Third submarginal cell with anterior margin much shorter than posterior margin ( Fig. 11 ); clypeus greatly protuberant, extending anteriorly about as far as compound eye width in profile ( Fig. 18 ); hind leg of male enlarged, metatrochanter with broad rounded projection; tergum VII and sternum VI of male somewhat attenuate apically, apices rounded or pointed; sternum VII of male with disc somewhat broader than long, with apical process (without transverse ridge at base of process) (Oriental) .............................................................. Elaphropoda Lieftinck

—. Third submarginal cell about as wide on anterior margin as on posterior margin ( Fig. 14 ); clypeus not greatly protuberant, extending anteriorly by about one-half compound eye width or less in profile ( Fig. 20 ); hind leg of male not enlarged, metatrochanter lacking rounded projection; tergum VII and sternum VI of male not attenuate, apex of tergum VI nearly always bidentate or with emarginate apical truncation; sternum VII of male transverse, disc much broader than long, without apical process (Oriental) ..................... Habrophorula Lieftinck

Figures

Figure 7. Wing venation of Varthemapistra edentata, new genus and species, from Brunei.

Figures 8–15. Wing venation from representative species of Anthophorini. 8. Anthophora (Lophanthophora) dammersi Timberlake. 9. Amegilla quadrifasciata (de Villers). 10. Habropoda depressa Fowler. 11. Elaphropoda percarinata (Cockerell). 12. Pachymelus (Pachymelus) unicolor (Saussure). 13. Deltoptila sp. 14. Habrophorula nubilipennis (Cockerell). 15. Varthemapistra edentata, new genus and species.

Figures 24–27. Representative anthophorine bees. 24. Pachymelus (Pachymelopsis) festivus (Dours), lateral habitus. 25. P. (Pachymelus) unicolor (Saussure), facial view. 26. Deltoptila badia (Dours), lateral habitus. 27. D. badia, facial view.

Figures 16–19. Representative anthophorine bees. 16. Amegilla quadrifasciata (de Villers), lateral habitus. 17. A. quadrifasciata, facial view. 18. Elaphropoda khasiana (Schulz), lateral habitus. 19. E. khasiana, facial view.

Figures 20–23. Representative anthophorine bees. 20. Habrophorula nubilipennis (Cockerell), lateral habitus. 21. H. nubilipennis, facial view. 22. Habropoda miserabilis (Cresson), lateral habitus. 23. H. miserabilis, facial view.

Figures 3–6. Holotype female of Varthemapistra edentata, new genus and species, from Brunei. 3. Facial view. 4. Mandible. 5. Metabasitibial plate. 6. Profile of head.