Sinocapnia, Murányi, Dávid, Li, Weihai & Yang, Ding, 2015

Murányi, Dávid, Li, Weihai & Yang, Ding, 2015, A new genus and species of winter stoneflies (Plecoptera: Capniidae) from Southwest China, with a commented checklist of the family in the Oriental Realm, Zootaxa 4059 (2), pp. 371-382 : 372

Sinocapnia gen. n.

Diagnosis. Male epiproct: basal sclerite vestigial; laterobasal sclerite large; main epiproct sclerite long and narrow, bearing ventral keel, ventrally divided basally while laterally entire, caudal setae absent; inner sclerite lacking; eversible crest large and complex. Male paraproct: apical part long and wide; fusion plate long and narrow, divided from retractoral plate. Male subgenital plate: divided from sternum IX and tergum IX, vesicle present. Male tergites: tergum IX with paired process. Female terminalia: pregenital plate large and rounded, fused with subgenital plate that is entire and rounded, lateral sclerites present. Cercus: with 7 or 8 segments. Ventral sclerites of thorax: metathoracic presternum and mesothoracic furcasternum triangular, all mesothoracic furcasternal sclerites are separated, basisterna separated from katepisterna. Wing veins: forewing A1 curved beyond anal crossvein, R1 straight before radiosubcostal crossvein; hindwing with only 2 anal veins. Larva: unknown.

Type species. Sinocapnia kuankuoshui sp. n., by monotypy.

Affinities. Males can be readily distinguished from other known Capniidae genera on the basis of epiproctal structures: basal sclerite vestigial, laterobasal sclerite large, the main epiproct sclerite is ventrally divided at the base while laterally entire, lacks caudal setae and inner sclerite but has a complex eversible crest. Genital structures of the female are not characteristic enough for generic distinction, but a combination of genitalic, wing, and thoracic sclerites characters allows the determination of both sexes: having only few cercal segments, hindwing with only two anal veins, and forewing A1 curved beyond anal crossvein, R1 straight before radiosubcostal crossvein. No closely related genus can be determined on the basis of morphological structures. The genera that the new genus resembles in several studied characters are Nemocapnia Banks, 1938 and Paracapnia Hanson, 1946 . However, this resemblance probably does not reflect a phylogenetic relation. The male terminalia display superficial resemblance to the Nearctic C. s.l. mariposa group sensu Nelson & Baumann, 1989, restricted to the Sierra Nevada of California, but the species differ in many details regarding both sexual and somatic characters.

Etymology. The genus name is derived from the composition of the words Sino and Capnia ; the first refers to China, as the hitherto known single species is very probably endemic to the country, while the second is corresponding to the family where the new genus belongs. Used as a noun, gender feminine.